Uniform 6-polytope

From testwiki
Revision as of 07:24, 17 November 2023 by imported>OlliverWithDoubleL
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Template:Short description

Graphs of three regular and related uniform polytopes

6-simplex
Template:CDD

Truncated 6-simplex
Template:CDD

Rectified 6-simplex
Template:CDD

Cantellated 6-simplex
Template:CDD

Runcinated 6-simplex
Template:CDD

Stericated 6-simplex
Template:CDD

Pentellated 6-simplex
Template:CDD

6-orthoplex
Template:CDD

Truncated 6-orthoplex
Template:CDD

Rectified 6-orthoplex
Template:CDD

Cantellated 6-orthoplex
Template:CDD

Runcinated 6-orthoplex
Template:CDD

Stericated 6-orthoplex
Template:CDD

Cantellated 6-cube
Template:CDD

Runcinated 6-cube
Template:CDD

Stericated 6-cube
Template:CDD

Pentellated 6-cube
Template:CDD

6-cube
Template:CDD

Truncated 6-cube
Template:CDD

Rectified 6-cube
Template:CDD

6-demicube
Template:CDD

Truncated 6-demicube
Template:CDD

Cantellated 6-demicube
Template:CDD

Runcinated 6-demicube
Template:CDD

Stericated 6-demicube
Template:CDD

221
Template:CDD

122
Template:CDD

Truncated 221
Template:CDD

Truncated 122
Template:CDD

In six-dimensional geometry, a uniform 6-polytope is a six-dimensional uniform polytope. A uniform polypeton is vertex-transitive, and all facets are uniform 5-polytopes.

The complete set of convex uniform 6-polytopes has not been determined, but most can be made as Wythoff constructions from a small set of symmetry groups. These construction operations are represented by the permutations of rings of the Coxeter-Dynkin diagrams. Each combination of at least one ring on every connected group of nodes in the diagram produces a uniform 6-polytope.

The simplest uniform polypeta are regular polytopes: the 6-simplex {3,3,3,3,3}, the 6-cube (hexeract) {4,3,3,3,3}, and the 6-orthoplex (hexacross) {3,3,3,3,4}.

History of discovery

  • Regular polytopes: (convex faces)
    • 1852: Ludwig Schläfli proved in his manuscript Theorie der vielfachen Kontinuität that there are exactly 3 regular polytopes in 5 or more dimensions.
  • Convex semiregular polytopes: (Various definitions before Coxeter's uniform category)
    • 1900: Thorold Gosset enumerated the list of nonprismatic semiregular convex polytopes with regular facets (convex regular polytera) in his publication On the Regular and Semi-Regular Figures in Space of n Dimensions.[1]
  • Convex uniform polytopes:
    • 1940: The search was expanded systematically by H.S.M. Coxeter in his publication Regular and Semi-Regular Polytopes.
  • Nonregular uniform star polytopes: (similar to the nonconvex uniform polyhedra)
    • Ongoing: Jonathan Bowers and other researchers search for other non-convex uniform 6-polytopes, with a current count of 41348 known uniform 6-polytopes outside infinite families (convex and non-convex), excluding the prisms of the uniform 5-polytopes. The list is not proven complete.[2][3]

Uniform 6-polytopes by fundamental Coxeter groups

Uniform 6-polytopes with reflective symmetry can be generated by these four Coxeter groups, represented by permutations of rings of the Coxeter-Dynkin diagrams.

There are four fundamental reflective symmetry groups which generate 153 unique uniform 6-polytopes.

# Coxeter group Coxeter-Dynkin diagram
1 A6 [3,3,3,3,3] Template:CDD
2 B6 [3,3,3,3,4] Template:CDD
3 D6 [3,3,3,31,1] Template:CDD
4 E6 [32,2,1] Template:CDD
[3,32,2] Template:CDD

Coxeter-Dynkin diagram correspondences between families and higher symmetry within diagrams. Nodes of the same color in each row represent identical mirrors. Black nodes are not active in the correspondence.

Uniform prismatic families

Uniform prism

There are 6 categorical uniform prisms based on the uniform 5-polytopes.

# Coxeter group Notes
1 A5A1 [3,3,3,3,2] Template:CDD Prism family based on 5-simplex
2 B5A1 [4,3,3,3,2] Template:CDD Prism family based on 5-cube
3a D5A1 [32,1,1,2] Template:CDD Prism family based on 5-demicube
# Coxeter group Notes
4 A3I2(p)A1 [3,3,2,p,2] Template:CDD Prism family based on tetrahedral-p-gonal duoprisms
5 B3I2(p)A1 [4,3,2,p,2] Template:CDD Prism family based on cubic-p-gonal duoprisms
6 H3I2(p)A1 [5,3,2,p,2] Template:CDD Prism family based on dodecahedral-p-gonal duoprisms

Uniform duoprism

There are 11 categorical uniform duoprismatic families of polytopes based on Cartesian products of lower-dimensional uniform polytopes. Five are formed as the product of a uniform 4-polytope with a regular polygon, and six are formed by the product of two uniform polyhedra:

# Coxeter group Notes
1 A4I2(p) [3,3,3,2,p] Template:CDD Family based on 5-cell-p-gonal duoprisms.
2 B4I2(p) [4,3,3,2,p] Template:CDD Family based on tesseract-p-gonal duoprisms.
3 F4I2(p) [3,4,3,2,p] Template:CDD Family based on 24-cell-p-gonal duoprisms.
4 H4I2(p) [5,3,3,2,p] Template:CDD Family based on 120-cell-p-gonal duoprisms.
5 D4I2(p) [31,1,1,2,p] Template:CDD Family based on demitesseract-p-gonal duoprisms.
# Coxeter group Notes
6 A32 [3,3,2,3,3] Template:CDD Family based on tetrahedral duoprisms.
7 A3B3 [3,3,2,4,3] Template:CDD Family based on tetrahedral-cubic duoprisms.
8 A3H3 [3,3,2,5,3] Template:CDD Family based on tetrahedral-dodecahedral duoprisms.
9 B32 [4,3,2,4,3] Template:CDD Family based on cubic duoprisms.
10 B3H3 [4,3,2,5,3] Template:CDD Family based on cubic-dodecahedral duoprisms.
11 H32 [5,3,2,5,3] Template:CDD Family based on dodecahedral duoprisms.

Uniform triaprism

There is one infinite family of uniform triaprismatic families of polytopes constructed as a Cartesian products of three regular polygons. Each combination of at least one ring on every connected group produces a uniform prismatic 6-polytope.

# Coxeter group Notes
1 I2(p)I2(q)I2(r) [p,2,q,2,r] Template:CDD Family based on p,q,r-gonal triprisms

Enumerating the convex uniform 6-polytopes

These fundamental families generate 153 nonprismatic convex uniform polypeta.

In addition, there are 57 uniform 6-polytope constructions based on prisms of the uniform 5-polytopes: [3,3,3,3,2], [4,3,3,3,2], [32,1,1,2], excluding the penteract prism as a duplicate of the hexeract.

In addition, there are infinitely many uniform 6-polytope based on:

  1. Duoprism prism families: [3,3,2,p,2], [4,3,2,p,2], [5,3,2,p,2].
  2. Duoprism families: [3,3,3,2,p], [4,3,3,2,p], [5,3,3,2,p].
  3. Triaprism family: [p,2,q,2,r].

The A6 family

Template:Further There are 32+4−1=35 forms, derived by marking one or more nodes of the Coxeter-Dynkin diagram. All 35 are enumerated below. They are named by Norman Johnson from the Wythoff construction operations upon regular 6-simplex (heptapeton). Bowers-style acronym names are given in parentheses for cross-referencing.

The A6 family has symmetry of order 5040 (7 factorial).

The coordinates of uniform 6-polytopes with 6-simplex symmetry can be generated as permutations of simple integers in 7-space, all in hyperplanes with normal vector (1,1,1,1,1,1,1).

# Coxeter-Dynkin Johnson naming system
Bowers name and (acronym)
Base point Element counts
5 4 3 2 1 0
1 Template:CDD 6-simplex
heptapeton (hop)
(0,0,0,0,0,0,1) 7 21 35 35 21 7
2 Template:CDD Rectified 6-simplex
rectified heptapeton (ril)
(0,0,0,0,0,1,1) 14 63 140 175 105 21
3 Template:CDD Truncated 6-simplex
truncated heptapeton (til)
(0,0,0,0,0,1,2) 14 63 140 175 126 42
4 Template:CDD Birectified 6-simplex
birectified heptapeton (bril)
(0,0,0,0,1,1,1) 14 84 245 350 210 35
5 Template:CDD Cantellated 6-simplex
small rhombated heptapeton (sril)
(0,0,0,0,1,1,2) 35 210 560 805 525 105
6 Template:CDD Bitruncated 6-simplex
bitruncated heptapeton (batal)
(0,0,0,0,1,2,2) 14 84 245 385 315 105
7 Template:CDD Cantitruncated 6-simplex
great rhombated heptapeton (gril)
(0,0,0,0,1,2,3) 35 210 560 805 630 210
8 Template:CDD Runcinated 6-simplex
small prismated heptapeton (spil)
(0,0,0,1,1,1,2) 70 455 1330 1610 840 140
9 Template:CDD Bicantellated 6-simplex
small birhombated heptapeton (sabril)
(0,0,0,1,1,2,2) 70 455 1295 1610 840 140
10 Template:CDD Runcitruncated 6-simplex
prismatotruncated heptapeton (patal)
(0,0,0,1,1,2,3) 70 560 1820 2800 1890 420
11 Template:CDD Tritruncated 6-simplex
tetradecapeton (fe)
(0,0,0,1,2,2,2) 14 84 280 490 420 140
12 Template:CDD Runcicantellated 6-simplex
prismatorhombated heptapeton (pril)
(0,0,0,1,2,2,3) 70 455 1295 1960 1470 420
13 Template:CDD Bicantitruncated 6-simplex
great birhombated heptapeton (gabril)
(0,0,0,1,2,3,3) 49 329 980 1540 1260 420
14 Template:CDD Runcicantitruncated 6-simplex
great prismated heptapeton (gapil)
(0,0,0,1,2,3,4) 70 560 1820 3010 2520 840
15 Template:CDD Stericated 6-simplex
small cellated heptapeton (scal)
(0,0,1,1,1,1,2) 105 700 1470 1400 630 105
16 Template:CDD Biruncinated 6-simplex
small biprismato-tetradecapeton (sibpof)
(0,0,1,1,1,2,2) 84 714 2100 2520 1260 210
17 Template:CDD Steritruncated 6-simplex
cellitruncated heptapeton (catal)
(0,0,1,1,1,2,3) 105 945 2940 3780 2100 420
18 Template:CDD Stericantellated 6-simplex
cellirhombated heptapeton (cral)
(0,0,1,1,2,2,3) 105 1050 3465 5040 3150 630
19 Template:CDD Biruncitruncated 6-simplex
biprismatorhombated heptapeton (bapril)
(0,0,1,1,2,3,3) 84 714 2310 3570 2520 630
20 Template:CDD Stericantitruncated 6-simplex
celligreatorhombated heptapeton (cagral)
(0,0,1,1,2,3,4) 105 1155 4410 7140 5040 1260
21 Template:CDD Steriruncinated 6-simplex
celliprismated heptapeton (copal)
(0,0,1,2,2,2,3) 105 700 1995 2660 1680 420
22 Template:CDD Steriruncitruncated 6-simplex
celliprismatotruncated heptapeton (captal)
(0,0,1,2,2,3,4) 105 945 3360 5670 4410 1260
23 Template:CDD Steriruncicantellated 6-simplex
celliprismatorhombated heptapeton (copril)
(0,0,1,2,3,3,4) 105 1050 3675 5880 4410 1260
24 Template:CDD Biruncicantitruncated 6-simplex
great biprismato-tetradecapeton (gibpof)
(0,0,1,2,3,4,4) 84 714 2520 4410 3780 1260
25 Template:CDD Steriruncicantitruncated 6-simplex
great cellated heptapeton (gacal)
(0,0,1,2,3,4,5) 105 1155 4620 8610 7560 2520
26 Template:CDD Pentellated 6-simplex
small teri-tetradecapeton (staff)
(0,1,1,1,1,1,2) 126 434 630 490 210 42
27 Template:CDD Pentitruncated 6-simplex
teracellated heptapeton (tocal)
(0,1,1,1,1,2,3) 126 826 1785 1820 945 210
28 Template:CDD Penticantellated 6-simplex
teriprismated heptapeton (topal)
(0,1,1,1,2,2,3) 126 1246 3570 4340 2310 420
29 Template:CDD Penticantitruncated 6-simplex
terigreatorhombated heptapeton (togral)
(0,1,1,1,2,3,4) 126 1351 4095 5390 3360 840
30 Template:CDD Pentiruncitruncated 6-simplex
tericellirhombated heptapeton (tocral)
(0,1,1,2,2,3,4) 126 1491 5565 8610 5670 1260
31 Template:CDD Pentiruncicantellated 6-simplex
teriprismatorhombi-tetradecapeton (taporf)
(0,1,1,2,3,3,4) 126 1596 5250 7560 5040 1260
32 Template:CDD Pentiruncicantitruncated 6-simplex
terigreatoprismated heptapeton (tagopal)
(0,1,1,2,3,4,5) 126 1701 6825 11550 8820 2520
33 Template:CDD Pentisteritruncated 6-simplex
tericellitrunki-tetradecapeton (tactaf)
(0,1,2,2,2,3,4) 126 1176 3780 5250 3360 840
34 Template:CDD Pentistericantitruncated 6-simplex
tericelligreatorhombated heptapeton (tacogral)
(0,1,2,2,3,4,5) 126 1596 6510 11340 8820 2520
35 Template:CDD Omnitruncated 6-simplex
great teri-tetradecapeton (gotaf)
(0,1,2,3,4,5,6) 126 1806 8400 16800 15120 5040

The B6 family

Template:Further There are 63 forms based on all permutations of the Coxeter-Dynkin diagrams with one or more rings.

The B6 family has symmetry of order 46080 (6 factorial x 26).

They are named by Norman Johnson from the Wythoff construction operations upon the regular 6-cube and 6-orthoplex. Bowers names and acronym names are given for cross-referencing.

# Coxeter-Dynkin diagram Schläfli symbol Names Element counts
5 4 3 2 1 0
36 Template:CDD t0{3,3,3,3,4} 6-orthoplex
Hexacontatetrapeton (gee)
64 192 240 160 60 12
37 Template:CDD t1{3,3,3,3,4} Rectified 6-orthoplex
Rectified hexacontatetrapeton (rag)
76 576 1200 1120 480 60
38 Template:CDD t2{3,3,3,3,4} Birectified 6-orthoplex
Birectified hexacontatetrapeton (brag)
76 636 2160 2880 1440 160
39 Template:CDD t2{4,3,3,3,3} Birectified 6-cube
Birectified hexeract (brox)
76 636 2080 3200 1920 240
40 Template:CDD t1{4,3,3,3,3} Rectified 6-cube
Rectified hexeract (rax)
76 444 1120 1520 960 192
41 Template:CDD t0{4,3,3,3,3} 6-cube
Hexeract (ax)
12 60 160 240 192 64
42 Template:CDD t0,1{3,3,3,3,4} Truncated 6-orthoplex
Truncated hexacontatetrapeton (tag)
76 576 1200 1120 540 120
43 Template:CDD t0,2{3,3,3,3,4} Cantellated 6-orthoplex
Small rhombated hexacontatetrapeton (srog)
136 1656 5040 6400 3360 480
44 Template:CDD t1,2{3,3,3,3,4} Bitruncated 6-orthoplex
Bitruncated hexacontatetrapeton (botag)
1920 480
45 Template:CDD t0,3{3,3,3,3,4} Runcinated 6-orthoplex
Small prismated hexacontatetrapeton (spog)
7200 960
46 Template:CDD t1,3{3,3,3,3,4} Bicantellated 6-orthoplex
Small birhombated hexacontatetrapeton (siborg)
8640 1440
47 Template:CDD t2,3{4,3,3,3,3} Tritruncated 6-cube
Hexeractihexacontitetrapeton (xog)
3360 960
48 Template:CDD t0,4{3,3,3,3,4} Stericated 6-orthoplex
Small cellated hexacontatetrapeton (scag)
5760 960
49 Template:CDD t1,4{4,3,3,3,3} Biruncinated 6-cube
Small biprismato-hexeractihexacontitetrapeton (sobpoxog)
11520 1920
50 Template:CDD t1,3{4,3,3,3,3} Bicantellated 6-cube
Small birhombated hexeract (saborx)
9600 1920
51 Template:CDD t1,2{4,3,3,3,3} Bitruncated 6-cube
Bitruncated hexeract (botox)
2880 960
52 Template:CDD t0,5{4,3,3,3,3} Pentellated 6-cube
Small teri-hexeractihexacontitetrapeton (stoxog)
1920 384
53 Template:CDD t0,4{4,3,3,3,3} Stericated 6-cube
Small cellated hexeract (scox)
5760 960
54 Template:CDD t0,3{4,3,3,3,3} Runcinated 6-cube
Small prismated hexeract (spox)
7680 1280
55 Template:CDD t0,2{4,3,3,3,3} Cantellated 6-cube
Small rhombated hexeract (srox)
4800 960
56 Template:CDD t0,1{4,3,3,3,3} Truncated 6-cube
Truncated hexeract (tox)
76 444 1120 1520 1152 384
57 Template:CDD t0,1,2{3,3,3,3,4} Cantitruncated 6-orthoplex
Great rhombated hexacontatetrapeton (grog)
3840 960
58 Template:CDD t0,1,3{3,3,3,3,4} Runcitruncated 6-orthoplex
Prismatotruncated hexacontatetrapeton (potag)
15840 2880
59 Template:CDD t0,2,3{3,3,3,3,4} Runcicantellated 6-orthoplex
Prismatorhombated hexacontatetrapeton (prog)
11520 2880
60 Template:CDD t1,2,3{3,3,3,3,4} Bicantitruncated 6-orthoplex
Great birhombated hexacontatetrapeton (gaborg)
10080 2880
61 Template:CDD t0,1,4{3,3,3,3,4} Steritruncated 6-orthoplex
Cellitruncated hexacontatetrapeton (catog)
19200 3840
62 Template:CDD t0,2,4{3,3,3,3,4} Stericantellated 6-orthoplex
Cellirhombated hexacontatetrapeton (crag)
28800 5760
63 Template:CDD t1,2,4{3,3,3,3,4} Biruncitruncated 6-orthoplex
Biprismatotruncated hexacontatetrapeton (boprax)
23040 5760
64 Template:CDD t0,3,4{3,3,3,3,4} Steriruncinated 6-orthoplex
Celliprismated hexacontatetrapeton (copog)
15360 3840
65 Template:CDD t1,2,4{4,3,3,3,3} Biruncitruncated 6-cube
Biprismatotruncated hexeract (boprag)
23040 5760
66 Template:CDD t1,2,3{4,3,3,3,3} Bicantitruncated 6-cube
Great birhombated hexeract (gaborx)
11520 3840
67 Template:CDD t0,1,5{3,3,3,3,4} Pentitruncated 6-orthoplex
Teritruncated hexacontatetrapeton (tacox)
8640 1920
68 Template:CDD t0,2,5{3,3,3,3,4} Penticantellated 6-orthoplex
Terirhombated hexacontatetrapeton (tapox)
21120 3840
69 Template:CDD t0,3,4{4,3,3,3,3} Steriruncinated 6-cube
Celliprismated hexeract (copox)
15360 3840
70 Template:CDD t0,2,5{4,3,3,3,3} Penticantellated 6-cube
Terirhombated hexeract (topag)
21120 3840
71 Template:CDD t0,2,4{4,3,3,3,3} Stericantellated 6-cube
Cellirhombated hexeract (crax)
28800 5760
72 Template:CDD t0,2,3{4,3,3,3,3} Runcicantellated 6-cube
Prismatorhombated hexeract (prox)
13440 3840
73 Template:CDD t0,1,5{4,3,3,3,3} Pentitruncated 6-cube
Teritruncated hexeract (tacog)
8640 1920
74 Template:CDD t0,1,4{4,3,3,3,3} Steritruncated 6-cube
Cellitruncated hexeract (catax)
19200 3840
75 Template:CDD t0,1,3{4,3,3,3,3} Runcitruncated 6-cube
Prismatotruncated hexeract (potax)
17280 3840
76 Template:CDD t0,1,2{4,3,3,3,3} Cantitruncated 6-cube
Great rhombated hexeract (grox)
5760 1920
77 Template:CDD t0,1,2,3{3,3,3,3,4} Runcicantitruncated 6-orthoplex
Great prismated hexacontatetrapeton (gopog)
20160 5760
78 Template:CDD t0,1,2,4{3,3,3,3,4} Stericantitruncated 6-orthoplex
Celligreatorhombated hexacontatetrapeton (cagorg)
46080 11520
79 Template:CDD t0,1,3,4{3,3,3,3,4} Steriruncitruncated 6-orthoplex
Celliprismatotruncated hexacontatetrapeton (captog)
40320 11520
80 Template:CDD t0,2,3,4{3,3,3,3,4} Steriruncicantellated 6-orthoplex
Celliprismatorhombated hexacontatetrapeton (coprag)
40320 11520
81 Template:CDD t1,2,3,4{4,3,3,3,3} Biruncicantitruncated 6-cube
Great biprismato-hexeractihexacontitetrapeton (gobpoxog)
34560 11520
82 Template:CDD t0,1,2,5{3,3,3,3,4} Penticantitruncated 6-orthoplex
Terigreatorhombated hexacontatetrapeton (togrig)
30720 7680
83 Template:CDD t0,1,3,5{3,3,3,3,4} Pentiruncitruncated 6-orthoplex
Teriprismatotruncated hexacontatetrapeton (tocrax)
51840 11520
84 Template:CDD t0,2,3,5{4,3,3,3,3} Pentiruncicantellated 6-cube
Teriprismatorhombi-hexeractihexacontitetrapeton (tiprixog)
46080 11520
85 Template:CDD t0,2,3,4{4,3,3,3,3} Steriruncicantellated 6-cube
Celliprismatorhombated hexeract (coprix)
40320 11520
86 Template:CDD t0,1,4,5{4,3,3,3,3} Pentisteritruncated 6-cube
Tericelli-hexeractihexacontitetrapeton (tactaxog)
30720 7680
87 Template:CDD t0,1,3,5{4,3,3,3,3} Pentiruncitruncated 6-cube
Teriprismatotruncated hexeract (tocrag)
51840 11520
88 Template:CDD t0,1,3,4{4,3,3,3,3} Steriruncitruncated 6-cube
Celliprismatotruncated hexeract (captix)
40320 11520
89 Template:CDD t0,1,2,5{4,3,3,3,3} Penticantitruncated 6-cube
Terigreatorhombated hexeract (togrix)
30720 7680
90 Template:CDD t0,1,2,4{4,3,3,3,3} Stericantitruncated 6-cube
Celligreatorhombated hexeract (cagorx)
46080 11520
91 Template:CDD t0,1,2,3{4,3,3,3,3} Runcicantitruncated 6-cube
Great prismated hexeract (gippox)
23040 7680
92 Template:CDD t0,1,2,3,4{3,3,3,3,4} Steriruncicantitruncated 6-orthoplex
Great cellated hexacontatetrapeton (gocog)
69120 23040
93 Template:CDD t0,1,2,3,5{3,3,3,3,4} Pentiruncicantitruncated 6-orthoplex
Terigreatoprismated hexacontatetrapeton (tagpog)
80640 23040
94 Template:CDD t0,1,2,4,5{3,3,3,3,4} Pentistericantitruncated 6-orthoplex
Tericelligreatorhombated hexacontatetrapeton (tecagorg)
80640 23040
95 Template:CDD t0,1,2,4,5{4,3,3,3,3} Pentistericantitruncated 6-cube
Tericelligreatorhombated hexeract (tocagrax)
80640 23040
96 Template:CDD t0,1,2,3,5{4,3,3,3,3} Pentiruncicantitruncated 6-cube
Terigreatoprismated hexeract (tagpox)
80640 23040
97 Template:CDD t0,1,2,3,4{4,3,3,3,3} Steriruncicantitruncated 6-cube
Great cellated hexeract (gocax)
69120 23040
98 Template:CDD t0,1,2,3,4,5{4,3,3,3,3} Omnitruncated 6-cube
Great teri-hexeractihexacontitetrapeton (gotaxog)
138240 46080

The D6 family

Template:Further The D6 family has symmetry of order 23040 (6 factorial x 25).

This family has 3×16−1=47 Wythoffian uniform polytopes, generated by marking one or more nodes of the D6 Coxeter-Dynkin diagram. Of these, 31 (2×16−1) are repeated from the B6 family and 16 are unique to this family. The 16 unique forms are enumerated below. Bowers-style acronym names are given for cross-referencing.

# Coxeter diagram Names Base point
(Alternately signed)
Element counts Circumrad
5 4 3 2 1 0
99 Template:CDD = Template:CDD 6-demicube
Hemihexeract (hax)
(1,1,1,1,1,1) 44 252 640 640 240 32 0.8660254
100 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Cantic 6-cube
Truncated hemihexeract (thax)
(1,1,3,3,3,3) 76 636 2080 3200 2160 480 2.1794493
101 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Runcic 6-cube
Small rhombated hemihexeract (sirhax)
(1,1,1,3,3,3) 3840 640 1.9364916
102 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Steric 6-cube
Small prismated hemihexeract (sophax)
(1,1,1,1,3,3) 3360 480 1.6583123
103 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Pentic 6-cube
Small cellated demihexeract (sochax)
(1,1,1,1,1,3) 1440 192 1.3228756
104 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Runcicantic 6-cube
Great rhombated hemihexeract (girhax)
(1,1,3,5,5,5) 5760 1920 3.2787192
105 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Stericantic 6-cube
Prismatotruncated hemihexeract (pithax)
(1,1,3,3,5,5) 12960 2880 2.95804
106 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Steriruncic 6-cube
Prismatorhombated hemihexeract (prohax)
(1,1,1,3,5,5) 7680 1920 2.7838821
107 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Penticantic 6-cube
Cellitruncated hemihexeract (cathix)
(1,1,3,3,3,5) 9600 1920 2.5980761
108 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Pentiruncic 6-cube
Cellirhombated hemihexeract (crohax)
(1,1,1,3,3,5) 10560 1920 2.3979158
109 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Pentisteric 6-cube
Celliprismated hemihexeract (cophix)
(1,1,1,1,3,5) 5280 960 2.1794496
110 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Steriruncicantic 6-cube
Great prismated hemihexeract (gophax)
(1,1,3,5,7,7) 17280 5760 4.0926762
111 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Pentiruncicantic 6-cube
Celligreatorhombated hemihexeract (cagrohax)
(1,1,3,5,5,7) 20160 5760 3.7080991
112 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Pentistericantic 6-cube
Celliprismatotruncated hemihexeract (capthix)
(1,1,3,3,5,7) 23040 5760 3.4278274
113 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Pentisteriruncic 6-cube
Celliprismatorhombated hemihexeract (caprohax)
(1,1,1,3,5,7) 15360 3840 3.2787192
114 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Pentisteriruncicantic 6-cube
Great cellated hemihexeract (gochax)
(1,1,3,5,7,9) 34560 11520 4.5552168

The E6 family

Template:Further There are 39 forms based on all permutations of the Coxeter-Dynkin diagrams with one or more rings. Bowers-style acronym names are given for cross-referencing. The E6 family has symmetry of order 51,840.

# Coxeter diagram Names Element counts
5-faces 4-faces Cells Faces Edges Vertices
115 Template:CDD 221
Icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (jak)
99 648 1080 720 216 27
116 Template:CDD Rectified 221
Rectified icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (rojak)
126 1350 4320 5040 2160 216
117 Template:CDD Truncated 221
Truncated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (tojak)
126 1350 4320 5040 2376 432
118 Template:CDD Cantellated 221
Small rhombated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (sirjak)
342 3942 15120 24480 15120 2160
119 Template:CDD Runcinated 221
Small demiprismated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (shopjak)
342 4662 16200 19440 8640 1080
120 Template:CDD Demified icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (hejak) 342 2430 7200 7920 3240 432
121 Template:CDD Bitruncated 221
Bitruncated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (botajik)
2160
122 Template:CDD Demirectified icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (harjak) 1080
123 Template:CDD Cantitruncated 221
Great rhombated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (girjak)
4320
124 Template:CDD Runcitruncated 221
Demiprismatotruncated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (hopitjak)
4320
125 Template:CDD Steritruncated 221
Cellitruncated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (catjak)
2160
126 Template:CDD Demitruncated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (hotjak) 2160
127 Template:CDD Runcicantellated 221
Demiprismatorhombated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (haprojak)
6480
128 Template:CDD Small demirhombated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (shorjak) 4320
129 Template:CDD Small prismated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (spojak) 4320
130 Template:CDD Tritruncated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (titajak) 4320
131 Template:CDD Runcicantitruncated 221
Great demiprismated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (ghopjak)
12960
132 Template:CDD Stericantitruncated 221
Celligreatorhombated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (cograjik)
12960
133 Template:CDD Great demirhombated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (ghorjak) 8640
134 Template:CDD Prismatotruncated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (potjak) 12960
135 Template:CDD Demicellitruncated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (hictijik) 8640
136 Template:CDD Prismatorhombated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (projak) 12960
137 Template:CDD Great prismated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (gapjak) 25920
138 Template:CDD Demicelligreatorhombated icosiheptaheptacontidipeton (hocgarjik) 25920
# Coxeter diagram Names Element counts
5-faces 4-faces Cells Faces Edges Vertices
139 Template:CDD = Template:CDD 122
Pentacontatetrapeton (mo)
54 702 2160 2160 720 72
140 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Rectified 122
Rectified pentacontatetrapeton (ram)
126 1566 6480 10800 6480 720
141 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Birectified 122
Birectified pentacontatetrapeton (barm)
126 2286 10800 19440 12960 2160
142 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Trirectified 122
Trirectified pentacontatetrapeton (trim)
558 4608 8640 6480 2160 270
143 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Truncated 122
Truncated pentacontatetrapeton (tim)
13680 1440
144 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Bitruncated 122
Bitruncated pentacontatetrapeton (bitem)
6480
145 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Tritruncated 122
Tritruncated pentacontatetrapeton (titam)
8640
146 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Cantellated 122
Small rhombated pentacontatetrapeton (sram)
6480
147 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Cantitruncated 122
Great rhombated pentacontatetrapeton (gram)
12960
148 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Runcinated 122
Small prismated pentacontatetrapeton (spam)
2160
149 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Bicantellated 122
Small birhombated pentacontatetrapeton (sabrim)
6480
150 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Bicantitruncated 122
Great birhombated pentacontatetrapeton (gabrim)
12960
151 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Runcitruncated 122
Prismatotruncated pentacontatetrapeton (patom)
12960
152 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Runcicantellated 122
Prismatorhombated pentacontatetrapeton (prom)
25920
153 Template:CDD = Template:CDD Omnitruncated 122
Great prismated pentacontatetrapeton (gopam)
51840

Triaprisms

Uniform triaprisms, {p}×{q}×{r}, form an infinite class for all integers p,q,r>2. {4}×{4}×{4} makes a lower symmetry form of the 6-cube.

The extended f-vector is (p,p,1)*(q,q,1)*(r,r,1)=(pqr,3pqr,3pqr+pq+pr+qr,3p(p+1),3p,1).

Coxeter diagram Names Element counts
5-faces 4-faces Cells Faces Edges Vertices
Template:CDD {p}×{q}×{r} [4] p+q+r pq+pr+qr+p+q+r pqr+2(pq+pr+qr) 3pqr+pq+pr+qr 3pqr pqr
Template:CDD {p}×{p}×{p} 3p 3p(p+1) p2(p+6) 3p2(p+1) 3p3 p3
Template:CDD {3}×{3}×{3} (trittip) 9 36 81 99 81 27
Template:CDD {4}×{4}×{4} = 6-cube 12 60 160 240 192 64

Non-Wythoffian 6-polytopes

In 6 dimensions and above, there are an infinite amount of non-Wythoffian convex uniform polytopes: the Cartesian product of the grand antiprism in 4 dimensions and any regular polygon in 2 dimensions. It is not yet proven whether or not there are more.

Regular and uniform honeycombs

Coxeter-Dynkin diagram correspondences between families and higher symmetry within diagrams. Nodes of the same color in each row represent identical mirrors. Black nodes are not active in the correspondence.

There are four fundamental affine Coxeter groups and 27 prismatic groups that generate regular and uniform tessellations in 5-space:

# Coxeter group Coxeter diagram Forms
1 A~5 [3[6]] Template:CDD 12
2 C~5 [4,33,4] Template:CDD 35
3 B~5 [4,3,31,1]
[4,33,4,1+]
Template:CDD
Template:CDD
47 (16 new)
4 D~5 [31,1,3,31,1]
[1+,4,33,4,1+]
Template:CDD
Template:CDD
20 (3 new)

Regular and uniform honeycombs include:

Prismatic groups
# Coxeter group Coxeter-Dynkin diagram
1 A~4xI~1 [3[5],2,∞] Template:CDD
2 B~4xI~1 [4,3,31,1,2,∞] Template:CDD
3 C~4xI~1 [4,3,3,4,2,∞] Template:CDD
4 D~4xI~1 [31,1,1,1,2,∞] Template:CDD
5 F~4xI~1 [3,4,3,3,2,∞] Template:CDD
6 C~3xI~1xI~1 [4,3,4,2,∞,2,∞] Template:CDD
7 B~3xI~1xI~1 [4,31,1,2,∞,2,∞] Template:CDD
8 A~3xI~1xI~1 [3[4],2,∞,2,∞] Template:CDD
9 C~2xI~1xI~1xI~1 [4,4,2,∞,2,∞,2,∞] Template:CDD
10 H~2xI~1xI~1xI~1 [6,3,2,∞,2,∞,2,∞] Template:CDD
11 A~2xI~1xI~1xI~1 [3[3],2,∞,2,∞,2,∞] Template:CDD
12 I~1xI~1xI~1xI~1xI~1 [∞,2,∞,2,∞,2,∞,2,∞] Template:CDD
13 A~2xA~2xI~1 [3[3],2,3[3],2,∞] Template:CDD
14 A~2xB~2xI~1 [3[3],2,4,4,2,∞] Template:CDD
15 A~2xG~2xI~1 [3[3],2,6,3,2,∞] Template:CDD
16 B~2xB~2xI~1 [4,4,2,4,4,2,∞] Template:CDD
17 B~2xG~2xI~1 [4,4,2,6,3,2,∞] Template:CDD
18 G~2xG~2xI~1 [6,3,2,6,3,2,∞] Template:CDD
19 A~3xA~2 [3[4],2,3[3]] Template:CDD
20 B~3xA~2 [4,31,1,2,3[3]] Template:CDD
21 C~3xA~2 [4,3,4,2,3[3]] Template:CDD
22 A~3xB~2 [3[4],2,4,4] Template:CDD
23 B~3xB~2 [4,31,1,2,4,4] Template:CDD
24 C~3xB~2 [4,3,4,2,4,4] Template:CDD
25 A~3xG~2 [3[4],2,6,3] Template:CDD
26 B~3xG~2 [4,31,1,2,6,3] Template:CDD
27 C~3xG~2 [4,3,4,2,6,3] Template:CDD

Regular and uniform hyperbolic honeycombs

There are no compact hyperbolic Coxeter groups of rank 6, groups that can generate honeycombs with all finite facets, and a finite vertex figure. However, there are 12 paracompact hyperbolic Coxeter groups of rank 6, each generating uniform honeycombs in 5-space as permutations of rings of the Coxeter diagrams.

Hyperbolic paracompact groups

P¯5 = [3,3[5]]: Template:CDD
AU^5 = [(3,3,3,3,3,4)]: Template:CDD

AR^5 = [(3,3,4,3,3,4)]: Template:CDD

S¯5 = [4,3,32,1]: Template:CDD
O¯5 = [3,4,31,1]: Template:CDD
N¯5 = [3,(3,4)1,1]: Template:CDD

U¯5 = [3,3,3,4,3]: Template:CDD
X¯5 = [3,3,4,3,3]: Template:CDD
R¯5 = [3,4,3,3,4]: Template:CDD

Q¯5 = [32,1,1,1]: Template:CDD

M¯5 = [4,3,31,1,1]: Template:CDD
L¯5 = [31,1,1,1,1]: Template:CDD

Notes on the Wythoff construction for the uniform 6-polytopes

Construction of the reflective 6-dimensional uniform polytopes are done through a Wythoff construction process, and represented through a Coxeter-Dynkin diagram, where each node represents a mirror. Nodes are ringed to imply which mirrors are active. The full set of uniform polytopes generated are based on the unique permutations of ringed nodes. Uniform 6-polytopes are named in relation to the regular polytopes in each family. Some families have two regular constructors and thus may have two ways of naming them.

Here's the primary operators available for constructing and naming the uniform 6-polytopes.

The prismatic forms and bifurcating graphs can use the same truncation indexing notation, but require an explicit numbering system on the nodes for clarity.

Operation Extended
Schläfli symbol
Coxeter-
Dynkin
diagram
Description
Parent t0{p,q,r,s,t} Template:CDD Any regular 6-polytope
Rectified t1{p,q,r,s,t} Template:CDD The edges are fully truncated into single points. The 6-polytope now has the combined faces of the parent and dual.
Birectified t2{p,q,r,s,t} Template:CDD Birectification reduces cells to their duals.
Truncated t0,1{p,q,r,s,t} Template:CDD Each original vertex is cut off, with a new face filling the gap. Truncation has a degree of freedom, which has one solution that creates a uniform truncated 6-polytope. The 6-polytope has its original faces doubled in sides, and contains the faces of the dual.
Bitruncated t1,2{p,q,r,s,t} Template:CDD Bitrunction transforms cells to their dual truncation.
Tritruncated t2,3{p,q,r,s,t} Template:CDD Tritruncation transforms 4-faces to their dual truncation.
Cantellated t0,2{p,q,r,s,t} Template:CDD In addition to vertex truncation, each original edge is beveled with new rectangular faces appearing in their place. A uniform cantellation is halfway between both the parent and dual forms.
Bicantellated t1,3{p,q,r,s,t} Template:CDD In addition to vertex truncation, each original edge is beveled with new rectangular faces appearing in their place. A uniform cantellation is halfway between both the parent and dual forms.
Runcinated t0,3{p,q,r,s,t} Template:CDD Runcination reduces cells and creates new cells at the vertices and edges.
Biruncinated t1,4{p,q,r,s,t} Template:CDD Runcination reduces cells and creates new cells at the vertices and edges.
Stericated t0,4{p,q,r,s,t} Template:CDD Sterication reduces 4-faces and creates new 4-faces at the vertices, edges, and faces in the gaps.
Pentellated t0,5{p,q,r,s,t} Template:CDD Pentellation reduces 5-faces and creates new 5-faces at the vertices, edges, faces, and cells in the gaps. (expansion operation for polypeta)
Omnitruncated t0,1,2,3,4,5{p,q,r,s,t} Template:CDD All five operators, truncation, cantellation, runcination, sterication, and pentellation are applied.

See also

Notes

Template:Reflist

References

  • T. Gosset: On the Regular and Semi-Regular Figures in Space of n Dimensions, Messenger of Mathematics, Macmillan, 1900
  • A. Boole Stott: Geometrical deduction of semiregular from regular polytopes and space fillings, Verhandelingen of the Koninklijke academy van Wetenschappen width unit Amsterdam, Eerste Sectie 11,1, Amsterdam, 1910
  • H.S.M. Coxeter:
    • H.S.M. Coxeter, M.S. Longuet-Higgins und J.C.P. Miller: Uniform Polyhedra, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Londne, 1954
    • H.S.M. Coxeter, Regular Polytopes, 3rd Edition, Dover New York, 1973
  • Kaleidoscopes: Selected Writings of H.S.M. Coxeter, edited by F. Arthur Sherk, Peter McMullen, Anthony C. Thompson, Asia Ivic Weiss, Wiley-Interscience Publication, 1995, Template:Isbn
    • (Paper 22) H.S.M. Coxeter, Regular and Semi Regular Polytopes I, [Math. Zeit. 46 (1940) 380-407, MR 2,10]
    • (Paper 23) H.S.M. Coxeter, Regular and Semi-Regular Polytopes II, [Math. Zeit. 188 (1985) 559-591]
    • (Paper 24) H.S.M. Coxeter, Regular and Semi-Regular Polytopes III, [Math. Zeit. 200 (1988) 3-45]
  • N.W. Johnson: The Theory of Uniform Polytopes and Honeycombs, Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Toronto, 1966
  • Template:KlitzingPolytopes
  • Template:KlitzingPolytopes

Template:Polytopes

Template:Navbar-collapsible
Space Family A~n1 C~n1 B~n1 D~n1 G~2 / F~4 / E~n1
E2 Uniform tiling 0[3] δ3 3 3 Hexagonal
E3 Uniform convex honeycomb 0[4] δ4 4 4
E4 Uniform 4-honeycomb 0[5] δ5 5 5 24-cell honeycomb
E5 Uniform 5-honeycomb 0[6] δ6 6 6
E6 Uniform 6-honeycomb 0[7] δ7 7 7 222
E7 Uniform 7-honeycomb 0[8] δ8 8 8 133331
E8 Uniform 8-honeycomb 0[9] δ9 9 9 152251521
E9 Uniform 9-honeycomb 0[10] δ10 10 10
E10 Uniform 10-honeycomb 0[11] δ11 11 11
En-1 Uniform (n-1)-honeycomb 0[n] δn n n 1k22k1k21
  1. T. Gosset: On the Regular and Semi-Regular Figures in Space of n Dimensions, Messenger of Mathematics, Macmillan, 1900
  2. Uniform Polypeta, Jonathan Bowers
  3. Uniform polytope
  4. Template:Cite web