Ford–GM 10-speed automatic transmission

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The Ford–GM 10-speed automatic transmission is part of a joint venture between Ford Motor Company and General Motors to design and engineer two transmissions: a longitudinal 10-speed transmission and a transverse 9-speed trans-axle. Each company manufactures its own unique version of the transmissions in its own factories.^[1]^[2] The 10-speed transmission was designed by Ford, while the 9-speed transmission was designed by GM.^[3]^[4]

Gear RatiosTemplate:Efn
Template:Diagonal split header	R	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	Total Span	Span Center	Avg. Step	Compo- nents

Ford 10R 80 · 2017 GM 10L 80 · 2017 GM 10L 90 · 2018	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	4 Gearsets 2 Brakes 4 Clutches
Ford 10R 140 · 2020	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round
GM 10L 1000 (Allison) · 2020	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round
Ford 10R 60 · 2020	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round	Template:Round

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Production

The 10R 80 was first produced at the Ford Livonia Transmission Plant in Livonia, Michigan, and the Hydra-Matic 10L 80 is made at the General Motors Romulus Powertrain Plant, in Romulus, Michigan.^[5] GM's Silao, Mexico, transmission plant started 10L 80 production in 2018,^[6] while Ford's Sharonville Transmission plant started 10R 80 production in 2018.^[7]

Specifications

Layout

The transmission is based on the well-known 8-speed automatic transmission 8HP from ZF. A unique triple-clutch assembly on a dedicated intermediate shaft, placed in the middle of the architecture, replaces two ordinary clutches and is the key for packaging the 10-speed unit into the same space as the previous transmission.^[8]

Compared to the 8-speed architecture, the transmission offers smaller steps between the lower gears, which benefits acceleration at low speeds. However, the individual gears are even more unevenly distributed than there. Furthermore, it was not possible to achieve any significant improvement in the steps, particularly in the upper gears, where it is more important than in the lower gears. It was also not possible to increase the total span. The gear step from 9th to 10th gear is unfavorably small at less than 9 %. These factors largely cancel out the advantage of the additional gears.

Gear Ratios
With Assessment					Planetary Gearset: TeethTemplate:Efn				Count	TotalTemplate:Efn CenterTemplate:Efn	Avg.Template:Efn

Model Type	Version First Delivery				S₁Template:Efn R₁Template:Efn	S₂Template:Efn R₂Template:Efn	S₃Template:Efn R₃Template:Efn	S₄Template:Efn R₄Template:Efn	Brakes Clutches	Ratio Span	Gear StepTemplate:Efn
Gear Ratio	R $i_{R}$	1 $i_{1}$	2 $i_{2}$	3 $i_{3}$	4 $i_{4}$	5 $i_{5}$	6 $i_{6}$	7 $i_{7}$	8 $i_{8}$	9 $i_{9}$	10 $i_{10}$
StepTemplate:Efn	$- \frac{i_{R}}{i_{1}}$ Template:Efn	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{1}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{2}}$ Template:Efn	$\frac{i_{2}}{i_{3}}$	$\frac{i_{3}}{i_{4}}$	$\frac{i_{4}}{i_{5}}$	$\frac{i_{5}}{i_{6}}$	$\frac{i_{6}}{i_{7}}$	$\frac{i_{7}}{i_{8}}$	$\frac{i_{8}}{i_{9}}$	$\frac{i_{9}}{i_{10}}$
Δ StepTemplate:Efn Template:Efn			$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{2}} : \frac{i_{2}}{i_{3}}$	$\frac{i_{2}}{i_{3}} : \frac{i_{3}}{i_{4}}$	$\frac{i_{3}}{i_{4}} : \frac{i_{4}}{i_{5}}$	$\frac{i_{4}}{i_{5}} : \frac{i_{5}}{i_{6}}$	$\frac{i_{5}}{i_{6}} : \frac{i_{6}}{i_{7}}$	$\frac{i_{6}}{i_{7}} : \frac{i_{7}}{i_{8}}$	$\frac{i_{7}}{i_{8}} : \frac{i_{8}}{i_{9}}$	$\frac{i_{8}}{i_{9}} : \frac{i_{9}}{i_{10}}$
Shaft Speed	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{R}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{1}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{2}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{3}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{4}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{5}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{6}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{7}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{8}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{9}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{10}}$
Δ Shaft SpeedTemplate:Efn	$0 - \frac{i_{1}}{i_{R}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{1}} - 0$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{2}} - \frac{i_{1}}{i_{1}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{3}} - \frac{i_{1}}{i_{2}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{4}} - \frac{i_{1}}{i_{3}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{5}} - \frac{i_{1}}{i_{4}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{6}} - \frac{i_{1}}{i_{5}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{7}} - \frac{i_{1}}{i_{6}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{8}} - \frac{i_{1}}{i_{7}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{9}} - \frac{i_{1}}{i_{8}}$	$\frac{i_{1}}{i_{10}} - \frac{i_{1}}{i_{9}}$

Ford 10R 80 GM 10L 80 GM 10L 90	Template:Convert · 2017^[9] Template:Convert · 2018				45 95	51 89^[10]	73 119	23 85^[10]	2 4	Template:Round Template:Round	Template:Font color Template:Efn
Gear Ratio	Template:Round $- \frac{40, 851}{8, 395}$	Template:Round $\frac{108}{23}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn $\frac{2403}{805}$	Template:Round $\frac{3, 024}{1, 409}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn Template:Efn $\frac{743}{420}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn Template:Efn Template:Efn $\frac{80, 244}{52, 789}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn Template:Efn $\frac{9, 289, 296}{7, 285, 081}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn $\frac{1}{1}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn Template:Efn $\frac{650, 168}{720, 653}$	Template:Round $\frac{3, 204}{4, 649}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn $\frac{89}{140}$
Step	1.0363	1.0000	Template:Font color	1.3909	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color	1.2386	1.0841
Δ StepTemplate:Efn			Template:Font color Template:Efn	1.1465	1.0425	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	1.0885	Template:Font color Template:Efn	1.1425
Speed	–0.9650	1.0000	1.5730	2.1879	Template:Font color	Template:Font color	3.6825	4.6956	Template:Font color	6.8134	Template:Font color
Δ Speed	0.9650	1.0000	0.5730	0.6148	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	0.5935	1.0131	Template:Font color Template:Efn	1.3126	Template:Font color Template:Efn

Ford 10R 140	Template:Convert · 2020^[11]				58 122	50 86	69 111	26 94	2 4	Template:Round Template:Round	Template:Font color Template:Efn
Gear Ratio	Template:Round $- \frac{23, 865}{5, 083}$	Template:Round $\frac{60}{13}$	Template:Round $\frac{645}{221}$	Template:Round $\frac{5, 400}{2, 533}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn Template:Efn $\frac{3, 497}{1, 972}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn Template:Efn Template:Efn $\frac{41, 964}{27, 629}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn Template:Efn $\frac{303, 768}{237, 827}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn $\frac{1}{1}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn Template:Efn $\frac{6, 192}{7, 273}$	Template:Round $\frac{516}{751}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn $\frac{43}{68}$
Step	1.0173	1.0000	1.5814	1.3690	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color	1.2391	1.0866
Δ StepTemplate:Efn			1.1551	1.1388	1.0297	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	1.0874	Template:Font color Template:Efn	1.1404
Speed	–0.9830	1.0000	1.5814	2.1650	Template:Font color	Template:Font color	3.6135	4.6154	Template:Font color	6.7174	Template:Font color
Δ Speed	0.9830	1.0000	0.5814	0.5836	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	0.5747	1.0019	Template:Font color Template:Efn	1.2962	Template:Font color Template:Efn

GM 10L 1000 (Allison)	Template:Convert · 2020^[12]				53 103	53 91	65 103	26 92	2 4	Template:Round Template:Round	Template:Font color Template:Efn
Gear Ratio	Template:Round $- \frac{553, 007}{121, 680}$	Template:Round $\frac{59}{13}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn $\frac{413}{144}$	Template:Round $\frac{4, 602}{2, 233}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn Template:Efn $\frac{247}{144}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn Template:Efn Template:Efn $\frac{14, 573}{9, 835}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn Template:Efn $\frac{57, 702}{45, 857}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn $\frac{1}{1}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn Template:Efn $\frac{34, 692}{40, 787}$	Template:Round $\frac{5, 369}{7, 807}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn $\frac{91}{144}$
Step	1.0014	1.0000	Template:Font color	1.3916	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color	1.2368	1.0883
Δ StepTemplate:Efn			Template:Font color Template:Efn	1.1583	1.0379	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	1.0703	Template:Font color Template:Efn	1.1365
Speed	–0.9986	1.0000	1.5824	2.2022	Template:Font color	Template:Font color	3.6068	4.5386	Template:Font color	6.5993	Template:Font color
Δ Speed	0.9986	1.0000	0.5824	0.6198	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	0.5439	0.9317	Template:Font color Template:Efn	1.2635	Template:Font color Template:Efn

Ford 10R 60	Template:Convert · 2020^[13]				45 95	51 89^[10]	73 119	28 104	2 4	Template:Round Template:Round	Template:Font color Template:Efn
Gear Ratio	Template:Round $- \frac{49, 929}{10, 220}$	Template:Round $\frac{33}{7}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn $\frac{2, 937}{980}$	Template:Round $\frac{462}{215}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn Template:Efn $\frac{743}{420}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn Template:Efn Template:Efn $\frac{24, 519}{16, 121}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn Template:Efn $\frac{1, 419, 198}{1, 112, 671}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn $\frac{1}{1}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn Template:Efn $\frac{93, 984}{110, 117}$	Template:Round $\frac{979}{1, 421}$	Template:Font color Template:Efn $\frac{89}{140}$
Step	1.0363	1.0000	Template:Font color	1.3947	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color	1.2389	1.0837
Δ StepTemplate:Efn			Template:Font color Template:Efn	1.1482	1.0443	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	1.0886	Template:Font color Template:Efn	1.1431
Speed	–0.9650	1.0000	1.5730	2.1979	Template:Font color	Template:Font color	3.6961	4.7143	Template:Font color	6.8143	Template:Font color
Δ Speed	0.9650	1.0000	0.5730	0.6208	Template:Font color Template:Efn	Template:Font color Template:Efn	0.5965	1.0182	Template:Font color Template:Efn	1.3192	Template:Font color Template:Efn

Ratio R & Even	$i_{R} = - \frac{R_{2} R_{3} (S_{4} + R_{4})}{S_{3} S_{4} (S_{2} + R_{2})}$		$\frac{R_{2} (S_{4} + R_{4})}{S_{4} (S_{2} + R_{2})}$	$1 + \frac{S_{2} R_{1}}{S_{1} (S_{2} + R_{2})}$		$\frac{(S_{1} R_{2} (S_{3} + R_{3}) + S_{2} S_{3} (S_{1} + R_{1})) (S_{4} + R_{4})}{(S_{1} R_{2} (S_{3} + R_{3}) + S_{1} S_{2} S_{3}) (S_{4} + R_{4}) + R_{1} S_{2} S_{3} S_{4}}$			$\frac{R_{2} (S_{3} + R_{3}) (S_{4} + R_{4})}{R_{2} (S_{3} + R_{3}) (S_{4} + R_{4}) + S_{2} S_{3} R_{4}}$		$\frac{R_{2}}{S_{2} + R_{2}}$
Ratio Odd		$i_{1} = \frac{S_{4} + R_{4}}{S_{4}}$		$\frac{(S_{1} + R_{1}) (S_{4} + R_{4})}{S_{1} (S_{4} + R_{4}) + S_{4} R_{1}}$		$\frac{(S_{1} (S_{2} + R_{2}) + R_{1} S_{2}) (S_{4} + R_{4})}{S_{1} (S_{2} + R_{2}) (S_{4} + R_{4}) + R_{1} S_{2} S_{4}}$		$i_{7} = \frac{1}{1}$		$i_{9} = \frac{R_{2} (S_{4} + R_{4})}{R_{2} (S_{4} + R_{4}) + S_{2} R_{4}}$
Algebra And Actuated Shift ElementsTemplate:Efn
Brake ATemplate:Efn	❶	❶	❶						❶	❶	❶
Brake BTemplate:Efn	❶	❶	❶	❶	❶	❶	❶
Clutch CTemplate:Efn			❶	❶	❶	❶		❶		❶	❶
Clutch DTemplate:Efn	❶	(❶)	❶	❶	❶		❶	❶	❶		❶
Clutch ETemplate:Efn		❶		❶		❶	❶	❶	❶	❶
Clutch FTemplate:Efn	❶				❶	❶	❶	❶	❶	❶	❶

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Applications

Ford

10R 60

2020–present Ford Explorer
2020–present Ford Police Interceptor Utility:
- Standard on 3.3L V6 engine models
2021–present Ford Bronco
2024–present Ford Ranger

10R 80 MHT

2020–2023 Ford Explorer HEV
2020–present Ford Police Interceptor Utility HEV
2020–present Lincoln Aviator HEV

10R 80

2017–present Ford F-150:
- 2017–present in 3.5L EcoBoost models
- 2018–present in all other models except the 2018–2020 with 3.3L V6
2018–present Ford Mustang
2018–present Ford Expedition
2018–present Lincoln Navigator
2019–present Ford Ranger
2019–present Ford Everest
2020–present Ford Police Interceptor Utility:
- Standard on 3.0L EcoBoost V6 models
2020–present Ford Transit
2023–present VW Amarok

10R 140

2020–present Ford Super Duty

General Motors

Source^[14]

10L 60

2020–2024 Chevrolet Camaro V6^[15]

10L 80 MF6

2018–present Chevrolet Suburban
2018–present Cadillac Escalade
2018–present Chevrolet Tahoe
2018–present GMC Yukon Denali
2019–2024 Chevrolet Camaro SS
2019–present Chevrolet Silverado/GMC Sierra 1500 (except V6 and 4-cylinder models, which use the 6L80 and 8L90 respectively)

10L 90 MX0

2017–2024 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1
2019–2020 Cadillac CT6
2020–present Cadillac CT5
2020–present Cadillac CT4

10L 1000 (Allison) MGM · MGU

2020–present Chevrolet Silverado HD/GMC Sierra HD

Lawsuits

At least five class action lawsuits have been filed regarding vehicles equipped with Ford's 10R 80 transmission.^[16]^[17]^[18]^[19]^[20] Several have since been consolidated to a single case being heard in Illinois.^[19] The lawsuits allege safety issues due to harsh and erratic shifting, which causes jerking, lunging, clunking and hesitation between gears.^[17]^[19] At least one case also cites sudden loss of power due to transmission issues.^[17] It is also alleged that Ford is aware of these issues and has not sufficiently fixed them, and has told consumers the behavior of the transmission is normal.

McCabe v. Ford Motor Company cites 38 different NHTSA complaints regarding the 10R 80 transmission. The complaints encompass the 2019–2022 Ford Ranger, 2018–2021 Ford Expedition, 2018–2022 Ford Mustang, 2018–2021 Lincoln Navigator, and 2021 Ford F-150.^[17]

Some of the lawsuits have been dismissed or partially dismissed.^[21]^[22] As of October 2023, at least one of these lawsuits is still ongoing.

References

Template:Reflist

External links

How The 2017 Ford F-150's New 10-Speed Transmission Affects Fuel Economy

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↑ Ford 10R80, GM 10L80 10 Speed Transmission - 10R80, 10L80 10 Speed Automatic Transmission Specs
↑ Game of chicken: GM bets on Mexican-made pickup trucks
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↑ ^10.0 ^10.1 ^10.2 Template:Cite news
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↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20230512213219/https://i.imgur.com/S9il0A8.png Template:Bare URL image
↑ https://www.courthousenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/FordCA.pdf. Smith v. Ford Motor Company. Case 5:20-cv-00211. Document 1. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
↑ ^17.0 ^17.1 ^17.2 ^17.3 https://www.classaction.org/media/mccabe-v-ford-motor-company.pdf. McCabe v. Ford Motor Company. Case 1:23-cv-10829. Document 1. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
↑ https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCOURTS-paed-2_20-cv-00247/pdf/USCOURTS-paed-2_20-cv-00247-0.pdf. Orndorff v Ford Motor Company. Case 2:20-cv-00247-KSM. Document 13. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
↑ ^19.0 ^19.1 ^19.2 https://app.ediscoveryassistant.com/case_law/51364-o-connor-v-ford-motor-co. O'Connor v Ford Motor Co. Case 1:19-cv-05045. Document Filed: July 20, 2023. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
↑ https://www.classaction.org/media/o-connor-v-ford-motor-company.pdf. O'Connor v Ford Motor Co. Case 1:19-cv-05045.Document 7. Filed 8 August 2019. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
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[2] Template:Cite news

[3] Template:Cite web

[4] Template:Cite web

[5] Ford 10R80, GM 10L80 10 Speed Transmission - 10R80, 10L80 10 Speed Automatic Transmission Specs

[6] Game of chicken: GM bets on Mexican-made pickup trucks

[7] Template:Cite web

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[9] Template:Cite web

[saturation-10] 10.0 ^10.1 ^10.2 Template:Cite news

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[15] ttps://web.archive.org/web/20230512213219/https://i.imgur.com/S9il0A8.png Template:Bare URL image

[16] ttps://www.courthousenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/FordCA.pdf. Smith v. Ford Motor Company. Case 5:20-cv-00211. Document 1. Retrieved 27 October 2023.

[:0-17] 17.0 ^17.1 ^17.2 ^17.3 https://www.classaction.org/media/mccabe-v-ford-motor-company.pdf. McCabe v. Ford Motor Company. Case 1:23-cv-10829. Document 1. Retrieved 27 October 2023.

[18] ttps://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCOURTS-paed-2_20-cv-00247/pdf/USCOURTS-paed-2_20-cv-00247-0.pdf. Orndorff v Ford Motor Company. Case 2:20-cv-00247-KSM. Document 13. Retrieved 27 October 2023.

[:1-19] 19.0 ^19.1 ^19.2 https://app.ediscoveryassistant.com/case_law/51364-o-connor-v-ford-motor-co. O'Connor v Ford Motor Co. Case 1:19-cv-05045. Document Filed: July 20, 2023. Retrieved 27 October 2023.

[20] ttps://www.classaction.org/media/o-connor-v-ford-motor-company.pdf. O'Connor v Ford Motor Co. Case 1:19-cv-05045.Document 7. Filed 8 August 2019. Retrieved 27 October 2023.

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Ford–GM 10-speed automatic transmission

Contents

Production

Specifications

Layout

Applications

Ford

10R 60

10R 80 MHT

10R 80

10R 140

General Motors

10L 60

10L 80 MF6

10L 90 MX0

10L 1000 (Allison) MGM · MGU

Lawsuits

References

External links

Navigation menu

Ford–GM 10-speed automatic transmission

Production

Specifications

Layout

Applications

Ford

10R 60

10R 80 MHT

10R 80

10R 140

General Motors

10L 60

10L 80 MF6

10L 90 MX0

10L 1000 (Allison) MGM · MGU

Lawsuits

References

External links

Navigation menu

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