Standard electrode potential (data page)

Template:Short description Template:Use American English Template:Main

The data below tabulates standard electrode potentials (E°), in volts relative to the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE), at:

Temperature Template:Cvt;
Effective concentration (activity) 1 mol/L for each aqueous or amalgamated (mercury-alloyed) species;
Unit activity for each solvent and pure solid or liquid species; and
Absolute partial pressure Template:Cvt for each gaseous reagent — the convention in most literature data but not the current standard state (100 kPa).

Variations from these ideal conditions affect measured voltage via the Nernst equation.

Electrode potentials of successive elementary half-reactions cannot be directly added. However, the corresponding Gibbs free energy changes (∆G°) must satisfy

Template:Nowrap,

where Template:Mvar electrons are transferred, and the Faraday constant Template:Mvar is the conversion factor describing Coulombs transferred per mole electrons. Those Gibbs free energy changes can be added.

For example, from Template:Nowrap, the energy to form one neutral atom of Fe(s) from one FeTemplate:2+ ion and two electrons is Template:Nowrap or 84 907 J/(mol Template:E-). That value is also the standard formation energy (∆G_f°) for an FeTemplate:2+ ion, since Template:E- and Fe(s) both have zero formation energy.

Data from different sources may cause table inconsistencies. For example: $\begin{matrix} C u^{+} + e^{-} & ⇌ & C u (s) & E_{1} = + 0.520 V \\ C u^{2 +} + 2 e^{-} & ⇌ & C u (s) & E_{2} = + 0.337 V \\ C u^{2 +} + e^{-} & ⇌ & C u^{+} & E_{3} = + 0.159 V \end{matrix}$ From additivity of Gibbs energies, one must have $2 \cdot E_{2} = 1 \cdot E_{1} + 1 \cdot E_{3}$ But that equation does not hold exactly with the cited values.

Table of standard electrode potentials

Legend: (s) – solid; (l) – liquid; (g) – gas; (aq) – aqueous (default for all charged species); (Hg) – amalgam; bold – water electrolysis equations.

Element	Half-reaction			E° (volt)	Electrons transferred	Reference
Element	Oxidant	⇌	Reductant	E° (volt)	Electrons transferred	Reference
Sr	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Sr(s)	-4.101	1	^[1]
Ca	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Ca(s)	-3.8	1	^[1]
Th	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	-3.6	1	^[2]
Pr	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	-3.1	1	Estimated^[3]
N	3Template:Chem(g) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem(aq)	-3.09	2	^[4]^[5]
Li	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Li(s)	-3.0401	1	^[5]^[6]Template:Rp
N	Template:Chem(g) + 4Template:H2O-nl + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem(aq) + 2Template:OH-	-3.04	2	^[4]
Cs	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Cs(s)	-3.026	1	^[5]
Ca	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Ca(s) + 2Template:OH-	-3.02	2	^[1]
Er	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	-3	1	^[1]
Ba	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Ba(s) + 2Template:OH-	-2.99	2	^[1]
Rb	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Rb(s)	-2.98	1	^[5]
K	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	K(s)	-2.931	1	^[5]
Ba	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Ba(s)	-2.912	2	^[5]
La	[[Lanthanum hydroxide\|Template:Chem]](s) + 3Template:E-	⇌	La(s) + 3Template:OH-	-2.9	3	^[5]
Fr	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Fr(s)	-2.9	1	^[1]
Sr	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Sr(s)	-2.899	2	^[5]
Sr	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Sr(s) + 2Template:OH-	-2.88	2	^[1]
Ca	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Ca(s)	-2.868	2	^[5]^[6]Template:Rp
Li	Template:Chem + Template:Chem(s) + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(s)	-2.84	1	^[5]
Eu	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Eu(s)	-2.812	2	^[5]
Ra	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Ra(s)	-2.8	2	^[5]
Ho	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	HoTemplate:2+	-2.8	1	^[1]
Bk	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	-2.8	1	^[1]
Yb	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Yb(s)	-2.76	2	^[1]
Na	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Na(s)	-2.71	1	^[5]^[7]
Mg	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Mg(s)	-2.7	1	^[1]
Nd	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	-2.7	1	^[1]
Mg	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Mg(s) + 2Template:OH-	-2.69	2	^[1]
Sm	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Sm(s)	-2.68	2	^[1]
Be	Template:Chem + 3Template:H2O-nl + 4Template:E-	⇌	2Be(s) + 6Template:OH-	-2.63	4	^[1]
Pm	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	-2.6	1	^[1]
Dy	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	-2.6	1	^[1]
No	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	No	-2.5	2	^[1]
Hf	Template:Chem + Template:H2O-nl + 4Template:E-	⇌	Hf(s) + 4Template:OH-	-2.5	4	^[1]
Th	Template:Chem + 4Template:E-	⇌	Th(s) + 4Template:OH-	-2.48	4	^[1]
Md	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Md	-2.4	2	^[1]
Tm	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Tm(s)	-2.4	2	^[1]
La	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	La(s)	-2.379	3	^[5]
Y	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Y(s)	-2.372	3	^[5]
Mg	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Mg(s)	-2.372	2	^[5]
Sc	Template:Chem2(aq) + 3Template:H+ + 3Template:E-	⇌	Sc(s) + 3HF(aq)	-2.37	3	^[6]Template:Rp
Zr	Template:Chem(s) + Template:H2O-nl + 4Template:E-	⇌	Zr(s) + 4Template:OH-	-2.36	4	^[5]
Pr	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Pr(s)	-2.353	3	^[1]
Ce	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Ce(s)	-2.336	3	^[1]
Er	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Er(s)	-2.331	3	^[1]
Ho	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Ho(s)	-2.33	3	^[1]
Al	Template:Chem + Template:H2O-nl + 3Template:E-	⇌	Al(s) + 4Template:OH-	-2.33	3	^[1]
Nd	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Nd(s)	-2.323	3	^[1]
Tm	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Tm(s)	-2.319	3	^[1]
Al	Template:Chem(s) + 3Template:E-	⇌	Al(s) + 3Template:OH-	-2.31	3	^[8]
Sm	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Sm(s)	-2.304	3	^[1]
Fm	Fm Template:2+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Fm	-2.3	2	^[1]
Am	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	-2.3	1	^[1]
Dy	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Dy(s)	-2.295	3	^[1]
Lu	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Lu(s)	-2.28	3	^[1]
Sc	ScFTemplate:Su + 2Template:H+ + 3Template:E-	⇌	Sc(s) + 2HF(l)	-2.28	3	^[6]Template:Rp
Tb	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Tb(s)	-2.28	3	^[1]
Gd	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Gd(s)	-2.279	3	^[1]
H	Template:Chem(g) + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem	-2.23	2	^[1]
Es	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Es(s)	-2.23	2	^[1]
Pm	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Pm(s)	-2.2	2	^[1]
Tm	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	TmTemplate:2+	-2.2	1	^[1]
Dy	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Dy(s)	-2.2	2	^[1]
Ac	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Ac(s)	-2.2	3	^[1]
Yb	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Yb(s)	-2.19	3	^[1]
Cf	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Cf(s)	-2.12	2	^[1]
Nd	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Nd(s)	-2.1	2	^[1]
Ho	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Ho(s)	-2.1	2	^[1]
Sc	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Sc(s)	-2.077	3	^[9]
Al	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Al(s) + 6Template:Chem	-2.069	3	^[1]
Cm	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Cm(s)	-2.04	3	^[1]
Pu	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Pu(s)	-2.031	3	^[1]
Pr	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Pr(s)	-2	2	^[1]
Er	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Er(s)	-2	2	^[1]
Eu	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Eu(s)	-1.991	3	^[1]
Lr	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Lr	-1.96	3	^[1]
Cf	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Cf(s)	-1.94	3	^[1]
Es	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Es(s)	-1.91	3	^[1]
Pa	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	-1.9	1	^[1]
Am	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Am(s)	-1.9	2	^[1]
Th	Template:Chem + 4Template:E-	⇌	Th(s)	-1.899	4	^[1]
Fm	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Fm	-1.89	3	^[1]
N	Template:Chem2(g) + 2Template:H2O-nl(l) + 4Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem2	-1.87	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Np	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Np(s)	-1.856	3	^[1]
Be	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Be(s)	-1.847	2	^[1]
P	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	P(s) + 2Template:OH-	-1.82	1	^[1]
U	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	U(s)	-1.798	3	^[1]
Sr	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Sr(Hg)	-1.793	2	^[1]
B	Template:Chem + Template:H2O-nl + 3Template:E-	⇌	B(s) + 4Template:OH-	-1.79	3	^[1]
Th	Template:Chem + 4Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	Th(s) + 2Template:H2O-nl	-1.789	4	^[1]
Hf	Template:Chem + 2Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	Hf(s) + Template:H2O-nl	-1.724	4	^[1]
P	Template:Chem + 2Template:H2O-nl + 3Template:E-	⇌	P(s) + 5Template:OH-	-1.71	3	^[1]
Si	[[Silicate\|Template:Chem]] + 3Template:H2O-nl + 4Template:E-	⇌	Si(s) + 6Template:OH-	-1.697	4	^[1]
Al	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Al(s)	-1.662	3	^[1]
Ti	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Ti(s)	-1.63	2	^[7]
Zr	Template:Chem(s) + 4Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	Zr(s) + 2Template:H2O-nl	-1.553	4	^[10]
Zr	Template:Chem + 4Template:E-	⇌	Zr(s)	-1.45	4	^[10]
Ti	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Ti(s)	-1.37	3	^[11]
Ti	TiO(s) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Ti(s) + Template:H2O-nl	-1.31	2	^[6]Template:Rp
B	B(OH)Template:Su + 4Template:H2O-nl(l) + 8Template:E-	⇌	BHTemplate:Su + 8Template:OH-	-1.24	8	^[6]Template:Rp
Ga	GaO(OH)Template:Su + Template:H2O-nl(l) + 3Template:E-	⇌	Ga(s) + 3Template:OH-	-1.22	3	^[6]Template:Rp
Ti	Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	2TiO(s) + Template:H2O-nl	-1.23	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Zn	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Zn(s) + 4Template:OH-	-1.199	2	^[10]
Mn	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Mn(s)	-1.185	2	^[10]
Fe	Template:Chem + 6Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Fe(s) + 6HCN(aq)	-1.16	2	^[12]
C	C(s) + 3Template:H2O-nl(l) + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem2(l) + 2Template:OH-	-1.148	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Cr	Cr(CN)Template:Su + Template:E-	⇌	Cr(CN)Template:Su	-1.143	1	^[6]Template:Rp
Te	Te(s) + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	-1.143	2	^[13]
V	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	V(s)	-1.13	2	^[13]
Nb	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Nb(s)	-1.099	3	^[8]
Sn	Sn(s) + 4Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(g)	-1.07	4
Po	Po(s) + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	-1.021	2	^[14]
Cr	[Cr(edta)(H₂O)]⁻ + Template:E-	⇌	[Cr(edta)(H₂O)]²⁻	-0.99	1	^[6]Template:Rp
P	2Template:Chem2(aq) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem2(aq) + Template:H2O-nl(l)	-0.933	2	^[6]Template:Rp
C	COTemplate:Su + 3Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	HCOTemplate:Su + Template:H2O-nl(l)	-0.93	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Ti	Template:Chem + 2Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	Ti(s) + Template:H2O-nl	-0.93	4
Si	Template:Chem(quartz) + 4Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	Si(s) + 2Template:H2O-nl	-0.909	4	^[6]Template:Rp
Cr	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Cr(s)	-0.9	2	^[6]Template:Rp
B	Template:Chem(aq) + 3Template:H+ + 3Template:E-	⇌	B(s) + 3Template:H2O-nl	-0.89	3	^[6]Template:Rp
Fe	Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:E-	⇌	Fe(s) + 2Template:OH-	-0.89	2	^[12]
Fe	Template:Chem(s) + 3Template:H2O-nl + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:OH-	-0.86	2	^[12]
H	2Template:H2O-nl + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(g) + 2Template:OH-	-0.8277	2	^[10]
Bi	Bi(s) + 3Template:H+ + 3Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	-0.8	3	^[10]
Zn	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Zn(Hg)	-0.7628	2	^[10]
Zn	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Zn(s)	-0.7618	2	^[10]
Ta	Template:Chem(s) + 10Template:H+ + 10Template:E-	⇌	2Ta(s) + 5Template:H2O-nl	-0.75	10
Te	2Te(s) + 2Template:E-	⇌	TeTemplate:Su	-0.74	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Ni	Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:E-	⇌	Ni(s) + 2Template:OH-	-0.72	2	^[1]
Nb	Template:Chem2(s) + 10Template:H+ + 10Template:E-	⇌	2Nb(s) + 5Template:H2O-nl(l)	-0.7	10	^[6]Template:Rp
Ag	Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Ag(s) + Template:Chem(aq)	-0.69	2
Te	TeTemplate:Su + 4Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem2(g)	-0.64	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Sb	Sb(OH)Template:Su + 3Template:E-	⇌	Sb(s) + 4Template:OH-	-0.639	3	^[6]Template:Rp
Au	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Au(s) + 2Template:Chem	-0.6	1
Ta	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Ta(s)	-0.6	3	^[8]
Pb	PbO(s) + Template:H2O-nl + 2Template:E-	⇌	Pb(s) + 2Template:OH-	-0.580	2	^[8]
Ti	2Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(s) + Template:H2O-nl	-0.56	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Ga	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Ga(s)	-0.549	3	^[8]
U	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	-0.52	1	^[15]
P	Template:Chem(aq) + Template:H+ + Template:E-	⇌	P(white)^{[note 1]} + 2Template:H2O-nl	-0.508	1	^[10]
P	Template:Chem(aq) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(aq) + Template:H2O-nl	-0.499	2	^[10]
Ni	Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:H2O-nl + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:OH-	-0.49	2	^[1]
Sb	Sb(OH)Template:Su + 2Template:E-	⇌	Sb(OH)Template:Su + 2Template:OH-	-0.465	2	^[6]Template:Rp
P	[[Phosphorous acid\|Template:Chem]](aq) + 3Template:H+ + 3Template:E-	⇌	P(red)^{[note 1]} + 3Template:H2O-nl	-0.454	3	^[10]
Bi	Template:Chem2(s) + 3Template:H2O-nl(l) + 6Template:E-	⇌	Bi(s) + 6Template:OH-	-0.452	6	^[6]Template:Rp
Ta	TaFTemplate:Su + 7Template:H+ + 5Template:E-	⇌	Ta(s) + 7HF(l)	-0.45	5	^[6]Template:Rp
In	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem2	-0.444	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Cu	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Cu(s) + 2Template:Chem	-0.44	1	^[13]
Fe	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Fe(s)	-0.44	2	^[7]
C	2Template:Chem(g) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	HOOCCOOH(aq)	-0.43	2
Cr	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	-0.407	1	^[8]
Cd	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Cd(s)	-0.4	2	^[7]
Ti	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	-0.37	1	^[6]Template:Rp
Cu	Template:Chem(s) + Template:H2O-nl + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Cu(s) + 2Template:OH-	-0.36	2	^[10]
Pb	Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:E-	⇌	Pb(s) + Template:Chem	-0.3588	2	^[10]
Pb	Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:E-	⇌	Pb(Hg) + Template:Chem	-0.3505	2	^[10]
Eu	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	-0.35	1	^[15]
In	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	In(s)	-0.34	3	^[13]
Tl	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Tl(s)	-0.34	1	^[13]
Ge	Ge(s) + 4Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(g)	-0.29	4
Co	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Co(s)	-0.28	2	^[10]
P	Template:Chem(aq) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(aq) + Template:H2O-nl	-0.276	2	^[10]
N	N₂(g) + 8Template:H+ + 6Template:E-	⇌	2NHTemplate:Su	-0.27	6	^[16]
V	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	-0.26	1	^[7]
Ni	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Ni(s)	-0.257	2	^[8]
S	2HSOTemplate:Su + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	S₂OTemplate:Su + 2Template:H2O-nl(l)	-0.253	2	^[6]Template:Rp
As	As(s) + 3Template:H+ + 3Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(g)	-0.23	3	^[13]
N	N₂(g) + 5Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	N₂HTemplate:Su	-0.23	4	^[6]Template:Rp
Ga	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Ga(s)	-0.2	1	^[8]
Ag	AgI(s) + Template:E-	⇌	Ag(s) + Template:Chem	-0.15224	1	^[10]
Ge	GeO₂(s) + 4Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	Ge(s) + 2H₂O(l)	-0.15	4	^[16]
Mo	Template:Chem(s) + 4Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	Mo(s) + 2Template:H2O-nl	-0.15	4
Si	Si(s) + 4Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(g)	-0.14	4
Sn	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Sn(s)	-0.13	2
O	Template:Chem(g) + Template:H+ + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(aq)	-0.13	1
In	Template:Chem2 + Template:E-	⇌	In(s)	-0.126	1	^[6]Template:Rp
Pb	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Pb(s)	-0.126	2	^[7]
W	Template:Chem(s) + 4Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	W(s) + 2Template:H2O-nl	-0.12	4
Ge	Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	GeO(s) + Template:H2O-nl	-0.118	2	^[8]
P	P(red) + 3Template:H+ + 3Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(g)	-0.111	3	^[10]
C	Template:Chem(g) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	HCOOH(aq)	-0.11	2
Se	Se(s) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(g)	-0.11	2	^[6]Template:Rp
C	Template:Chem(g) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	CO(g) + Template:H2O-nl	-0.11	2
Sn	α-SnO(s) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Sn(s) + Template:H2O-nl	-0.104	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Cu	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Cu(s) + 2Template:Chem(aq)	-0.1	1	^[13]
Nb	Template:Chem2(s) + 10Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem + 5Template:H2O-nl(l)	-0.1	4	^[6]Template:Rp
W	Template:Chem(aq) + 6Template:H+ + 6Template:E-	⇌	W(s) + 3Template:H2O-nl	-0.09	6	^[13]
Sn	Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	α-SnO(s) + Template:H2O-nl	-0.088	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Fe	[[Magnetite\|Template:Chem]](s) + 8Template:H+ + 8Template:E-	⇌	3Fe(s) + 4Template:H2O-nl	-0.085	8	^[17]
V	Template:Chem + Template:H+ + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + Template:H2O-nl(l)	-0.082	1	^[6]Template:Rp
P	P(white) + 3Template:H+ + 3Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(g)	-0.063	3	^[10]
N	Template:Chem2(g) + Template:H2O-nl(l) + 6Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem2	-0.05	4	^[6]Template:Rp
Fe	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Fe(s)	-0.04	3	^[12]
C	HCOOH(aq) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	HCHO(aq) + Template:H2O-nl	-0.034	2	^[6]Template:Rp
H	2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(g)	0	2
Ag	AgBr(s) + Template:E-	⇌	Ag(s) + Template:Chem	0.07133	1	^[10]
S	[[Tetrathionate\|Template:Chem]] + 2Template:E-	⇌	2[[Thiosulfate\|Template:Chem]]	0.08	2
N	Template:Chem(g) + 2Template:H2O-nl + 6Template:H+ + 6Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem(aq)	0.092	6
Hg	HgO(s) + Template:H2O-nl + 2Template:E-	⇌	Hg(l) + 2Template:OH-	0.0977	2
Cu	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + 2Template:Chem(aq)	0.1	1	^[13]
Ru	[[Ruthenium\|Template:Chem]] + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	0.1	1	^[15]
N	Template:Chem(aq) + 4Template:H2O-nl + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem + 4Template:OH-	0.11	2	^[4]
Mo	Template:Chem(aq) + 6Template:H+ + 6Template:E-	⇌	Mo(s) + 4Template:H2O-nl	0.11	6
Ge	Template:Chem + 4Template:E-	⇌	Ge(s)	0.12	4
C	C(s) + 4Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(g)	0.13	4	^[13]
C	HCHO(aq) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(aq)	0.13	2
S	S(s) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(g)	0.144	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Sb	Sb₂O₃(s) + 6Template:H+ + 6Template:E-	⇌	2Sb(s) + 3H₂O	0.15	6	^[6]Template:Rp
Sn	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	0.151	2	^[8]
S	Template:Chem + 3Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(aq) + 2Template:H2O-nl	0.158	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Cu	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	0.159	1	^[13]
U	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	0.163	1	^[15]
S	Template:Chem + 4Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(aq) + 2Template:H2O-nl	0.17	2
Ti	Template:Chem + 2Template:H+ + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + Template:H2O-nl	0.19	1
Sb	Template:Chem + 2Template:H+ + 3Template:E-	⇌	Sb(s) + Template:H2O-nl	0.2	3
Fe	3Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem(s) + Template:H2O-nl	0.22	2	^[18]Template:Rp
Ag	AgCl(s) + Template:E-	⇌	Ag(s) + Template:Chem	0.22233	1	^[10]
As	Template:Chem(aq) + 3Template:H+ + 3Template:E-	⇌	As(s) + 3Template:H2O-nl	0.24	3	^[6]Template:Rp
Ru	Template:Chem(aq) + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(aq)	0.249	1	^[19]
Pb	Template:Chem2(s) + Template:H2O-nl + 2Template:E-	⇌	α-Template:Chem2(s) + 2Template:OH-	0.254	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Ge	GeO(s) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Ge(s) + Template:H2O-nl	0.26	2
Hg	Template:Chem2(s) + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Hg(l) + 2Template:Chem2	0.27	2	^[16]
U	Template:Chem + 4Template:H+ + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + 2Template:H2O-nl	0.273	1	^[15]
Re	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Re(s)	0.300	3	^[8]
At	At + Template:E-	⇌	At⁻	0.3	1	^[20]
Bi	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Bi(s)	0.308	3	^[10]
C	2HCNO + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	(CN)₂ + 2Template:H2O-nl	0.330	2	^[8]
Cu	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Cu(s)	0.337	2	^[13]
V	Template:Chem + 2Template:H+ + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + Template:H2O-nl	0.337	1	^[6]Template:Rp
Sb	Template:Chem2(s) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem2(s) + Template:H2O-nl(l)	0.342	2	^[6]Template:Rp
At	At⁺ + 2Template:E-	⇌	At⁻	0.36	2	^[21]
Fe	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	0.3704	1	^[22]
C	(CN)₂ + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	2HCN	0.373	2	^[8]
P	Template:Chem2(aq) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem2	0.38	2	^[6]Template:Rp
S	2SO₂(aq) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	S₂OTemplate:Su + H₂O(l)	0.4	2	^[6]Template:Rp
O	Template:Chem(g) + 2Template:H2O-nl + 4Template:E-	⇌	4Template:OH-(aq)	0.401	4	^[7]
Mo	Template:Chem + 6Template:H+ + 3Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + 4Template:H2O-nl	0.43	3
Ru	Template:Chem(aq) + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	0.455	2	^[19]
V	Template:Chem2 + 2Template:H+ + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + Template:H2O-nl(l)	0.481	1	^[6]Template:Rp
C	Template:Chem(aq) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(g) + Template:H2O-nl	0.5	2
S	Template:Chem(aq) + 4Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	S(s) + 2Template:H2O-nl	0.5	4	^[6]Template:Rp
S	4Template:Chem(aq) + 4Template:H+ + 8Template:E-	⇌	S₄OTemplate:Su + 2Template:H2O-nl(l)	0.51	8	^[16]
Cu	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Cu(s)	0.52	1	^[13]
C	CO(g) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	C(s) + Template:H2O-nl	0.52	2	^[6]Template:Rp
I	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	3Template:Chem	0.53	2	^[7]
Te	Template:Chem2(s) + 4Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	Te(s) + 2Template:H2O-nl(l)	0.53	4	^[6]Template:Rp
Cu	Template:Chem + Template:Chem2 + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem2(s)	0.54	1	^[16]
I	Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem	0.54	2	^[7]
Au	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Au(s) + 4Template:Chem	0.56	3
As	Template:Chem(aq) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(aq) + Template:H2O-nl	0.56	2	^[6]Template:Rp
S	S₂OTemplate:Su + 4Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem2	0.569	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Au	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Au(s) + 2Template:Chem	0.58	1
Mn	Template:Chem + 2Template:H2O-nl + 3Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(s) + 4Template:OH-	0.595	3	^[1]
S	Template:Chem + 6Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	2S(s) + 3Template:H2O-nl	0.6	4	^[6]Template:Rp
Fe	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Fc(s)	0.63	1	Substantial literature variation^[23]
Mo	Template:Chem(aq) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:H2O-nl	0.65	2
N	HN₃(aq) + 11Template:H+ + 8Template:E-	⇌	3NHTemplate:Su	0.69	8	^[16]
O	Template:Chem(g) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(aq)	0.695	2	^[8]
Sb	Template:Chem2(s) + 4Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem2(s) + 2Template:H2O-nl	0.699	4	^[6]Template:Rp
C	+ 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌		0.6992	2	^[10]
V	H₂V₁₀OTemplate:Su + 24Template:H+ + 10Template:E-	⇌	10Template:Chem2 + 8Template:H2O-nl(l)	0.723	10	^[6]Template:Rp
Pt	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + 2Template:Chem	0.726	2	^[15]
Fe	Template:Chem(s) + 6Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem + 3Template:H2O-nl	0.728	2	^[18]Template:Rp
Se	Template:Chem(aq) + 4Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	Se(s) + 3Template:H2O-nl	0.74	4	^[8]
At	AtO⁺ + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	At⁺ + Template:H2O-nl	0.74	2	^[21]
Tl	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Tl(s)	0.741	3	^[8]
No	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	0.75	1	^[24]
Pt	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Pt(s) + 4Template:Chem	0.758	2	^[15]
Br	Template:Chem2 + Template:H2O-nl(l) + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem2 + 2Template:OH-	0.76	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Po	Po⁴⁺ + 4Template:E-	⇌	Po	0.76	4	^[8]
S	(SCN)₂ + 2Template:E-	⇌	2SCN⁻	0.769	2	^[25]^[8]
Fe	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	0.771	1	^[8]
Hg	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Hg(l)	0.7973	2	^[8]
Ag	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Ag(s)	0.7996	1	^[10]
N	2[[Nitrate\|Template:Chem]](aq) + 4Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(g) + 2Template:H2O-nl	0.803	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Fe	2Template:Chem + 5Template:H2O-nl + 6Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(s) + 10Template:OH-	0.81	6	^[12]
Au	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Au(s) + 4Template:Chem	0.85	3
Hg	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Hg(l)	0.85	2
Ir	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	0.87	1	^[6]Template:Rp
Mn	Template:Chem + Template:H+ + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	0.9	1
Po	Po⁴⁺ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Po²⁺	0.9	2	^[8]
Hg	2Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	0.91	2	^[13]
Pd	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Pd(s)	0.915	2	^[15]
Au	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Au(s) + 4Template:Chem	0.93	3
N	NOTemplate:Su + 3Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem2(aq)	0.94	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Mn	Template:Chem(s) + 4Template:H+ + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + 2Template:H2O-nl	0.95	1
N	Template:Chem(aq) + 4Template:H+ + 3Template:E-	⇌	NO(g) + 2Template:H2O-nl(l)	0.958	3	^[7]
Au	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Au(s) + 2Template:Chem	0.96	1
Fe	[[Magnetite\|Template:Chem]](s) + 8Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	3Template:Chem + 4Template:H2O-nl	0.98	2	^[18]Template:Rp
Xe	Template:Chem + 2Template:H2O-nl + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + 4Template:OH-	0.99	2	^[6]Template:Rp^[26]
N	Template:Chem2(aq) + Template:H+ + Template:E-	⇌	NO(g) + Template:H2O-nl(l)	0.996	1	^[6]Template:Rp
At	HAtO + Template:H+ + Template:E-	⇌	At + Template:H2O-nl	1.0	1	^[20]
V	Template:Chem(aq) + 2Template:H+ + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(aq) + Template:H2O-nl	1	1	^[27]
Te	Template:Chem(aq) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(s) + 4Template:H2O-nl	1.02	2	^[27]
N	NO₂(g) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	NO(g) + H₂O(l)	1.03	2	^[16]
Br	BrTemplate:Su + 2Template:E-	⇌	3Template:Chem	1.05	2	^[16]
Sb	Template:Chem2(s) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem2(s) + Template:H2O-nl(l)	1.055	2	^[6]Template:Rp
I	IClTemplate:Su + Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem + I(s)	1.06	1	^[16]
Br	Template:Chem(l) + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem	1.066	2	^[10]
N	Template:Chem2(g) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem2	1.07	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Br	Template:Chem(aq) + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem	1.0873	2	^[10]
Ru	Template:Chem + 4Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(aq) + 2Template:H2O-nl	1.120	2	^[19]
Cu	Template:Chem + 2Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	1.12	1	^[13]
I	Template:Chem + 5Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	HIO(aq) + 2Template:H2O-nl	1.13	4	^[6]Template:Rp
O	Template:Chem2(aq) + Template:H+ + Template:E-	⇌	Template:H2O-nl(l) + Template:Chem2	1.14	1	^[6]Template:Rp
Au	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Au(s) + 2Template:Chem	1.15	1
Se	Template:Chem + 3Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(aq) + Template:H2O-nl	1.15	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Ag	Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Ag(s) + Template:H2O-nl	1.17	2
Cl	Template:Chem + 2Template:H+ + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(g) + Template:H2O-nl	1.175	1	^[6]Template:Rp
Xe	Template:Chem + 5Template:H2O-nl + 8Template:E-	⇌	Xe(g) + 11Template:OH-	1.18	8	^[26]
Pt	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Pt(s)	1.188	2	^[15]
Cl	Template:Chem(g) + Template:H+ + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(aq)	1.19	1	^[28]
I	2Template:Chem + 12Template:H+ + 10Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(s) + 6Template:H2O-nl	1.2	10	^[16]
Mn	Template:Chem(s) + 4Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + 2Template:H2O-nl	1.224	2	^[10]
O	Template:Chem(g) + 4Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	2Template:H2O-nl	1.229	4	^[7]
N	N₂HTemplate:Su + 3Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	2NHTemplate:Su	1.28	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Cl	Template:Chem + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + Template:H2O-nl	1.23	2	^[29]
Ru	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	1.24	1	^[1]
Xe	Template:Chem + 3Template:H2O-nl + 6Template:E-	⇌	Xe(g) + 7Template:OH-	1.24	6	^[6]Template:Rp^[26]
N	2NOTemplate:Su + 12Template:H+ + 10Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem2(g) + 6Template:H2O-nl(l)	1.25	10	^[6]Template:Rp
Tl	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	1.25	2	^[6]Template:Rp
N	2Template:Chem2(aq) + 4Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem2(g) + 3Template:H2O-nl(l)	1.297	4	^[6]Template:Rp
Cr	Template:Chem + 14Template:H+ + 6Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem + 7Template:H2O-nl	1.33	6	^[4]Template:Rp
N	Template:Chem2 + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	NHTemplate:Su + Template:H2O-nl(l)	1.35	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Cl	Template:Chem(g) + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem	1.36	2	^[7]
Ru	Template:Chem(aq) + 8Template:H+ + 5Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(aq) + 4Template:H2O-nl	1.368	5	^[19]
Ru	Template:Chem + 4Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + 2Template:H2O-nl	1.387	4	^[19]
Co	Template:Chem(s) + 4Template:H+ + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + 2Template:H2O-nl	1.42	1
N	2[[Hydroxylamine\|Template:Chem]] + Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	[[Hydrazine\|Template:Chem]] + 2Template:H2O-nl	1.42	2	^[4]
I	2HIO(aq) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:H2O-nl	1.44	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Br	Template:Chem + 5Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	HBrO(aq) + 2Template:H2O-nl	1.447	4	^[6]Template:Rp
Pb	Template:Chem(s) + 4Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + 2Template:H2O-nl	1.46	2	^[13]
Pb	Template:Chem(s) + 4Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + 2Template:H2O-nl	1.468	2	^[13]
Br	2Template:Chem + 12Template:H+ + 10Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(l) + 6Template:H2O-nl	1.48	10
At	HAtO₃ + 4Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	HAtO + 2Template:H2O-nl	1.5	4	^[20]
Mn	Template:Chem + 8Template:H+ + 5Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + 4Template:H2O-nl	1.51	5	^[16]
O	Template:Chem + Template:H+ + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(aq)	1.51	1
Au	Template:Chem + 3Template:E-	⇌	Au(s)	1.52	3
Ru	Template:Chem(aq) + 8Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(aq) + 4Template:H2O-nl	1.563	4	^[19]
N	2NO(g) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem2(g) + Template:H2O-nl(l)	1.59	2	^[6]Template:Rp
Ni	Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + 2Template:OH-	1.59	2
Ce	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	1.61	1
Cl	2HClO(aq) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(g) + 2Template:H2O-nl	1.63	2	^[28]
I	Template:Chem + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + Template:H2O-nl	1.64	2	^[29]
Ag	Template:Chem(s) + 6Template:H+ + 4Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem + 3Template:H2O-nl	1.67	4
Cl	Template:Chem(aq) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	HClO(aq) + Template:H2O-nl	1.67	2	^[28]
Pb	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	1.69	2	^[13]
Mn	[[permanganate\|Template:Chem]] + 4Template:H+ + 3Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:H2O-nl	1.7	3	^[16]
Br	Template:Chem + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + Template:H2O-nl	1.74	2	^[29]
Ag	AgO(s) + 2Template:H+ + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + Template:H2O-nl	1.77	1
N	Template:Chem2(g) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem2(g) + Template:H2O-nl(l)	1.77	2	^[6]Template:Rp
O	[[Hydrogen peroxide\|Template:Chem]](aq) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Template:H2O-nl	1.78	2	^[28]
Au	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Au(s)	1.83	1	^[13]
Co	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	1.92	1	^[8]
Ag	Template:Chem + Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem	1.98	1	^[13]
O	Template:Chem + 2Template:E-	⇌	2[[sulfate\|Template:Chem]]	2.01	2	^[10]
O	Template:Chem(g) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(g) + Template:H2O-nl	2.075	2	^[15]
Mn	Template:Chem + 3Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(s) + 2Template:H2O-nl	2.09	2
Xe	Template:Chem(aq) + 6Template:H+ + 6Template:E-	⇌	Xe(g) + 3Template:H2O-nl	2.12	6	^[6]Template:Rp^[26]
Xe	Template:Chem(aq) + 8Template:H+ + 8Template:E-	⇌	Xe(g) + 6Template:H2O-nl	2.18	8	^[6]Template:Rp^[26]
Fe	[[Ferrate\|Template:Chem]] + 8Template:H+ + 3Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem + 4Template:H2O-nl	2.2	3	^[30]
Xe	Template:Chem(aq) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Xe(g) + 2HF(aq)	2.32	2	^[26]^[28]
O	Template:Chem2 + Template:H+ + Template:E-	⇌	Template:H2O-nl(l)	2.38	1	^[6]Template:Rp
Xe	Template:Chem(aq) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	Template:Chem(aq) + 3Template:H2O-nl	2.42	2	^[26]^[6]Template:Rp
F	Template:Chem(g) + 2Template:E-	⇌	2Template:Chem	2.87	2	^[6]Template:Rp^[7]^[13]
Cm	Cm⁴⁺ + e^–	⇌	Cm³⁺	3.0	1	Estimated^[3]
F	Template:Chem(g) + 2Template:H+ + 2Template:E-	⇌	2HF(aq)	3.077	2	^[3]
Tb	Tb⁴⁺ + e^–	⇌	Tb³⁺	3.1	1	Estimated^[3]
Pr	Pr⁴⁺ + e^–	⇌	Pr³⁺	3.2	1	Estimated^[3]
Kr	Template:Chem(aq) + 2Template:E-	⇌	Kr(g) + 2Template:Chem(aq)	3.27	2	Estimated^[31]

Notes

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Not specified in the indicated reference, but assumed due to the difference between the value −0.454 and that computed by (2×(−0.499) + (−0.508))/3 = −0.502, exactly matching the difference between the values for white (−0.063) and red (−0.111) phosphorus in equilibrium with PH₃.

References

↑ ^1.00 ^1.01 ^1.02 ^1.03 ^1.04 ^1.05 ^1.06 ^1.07 ^1.08 ^1.09 ^1.10 ^1.11 ^1.12 ^1.13 ^1.14 ^1.15 ^1.16 ^1.17 ^1.18 ^1.19 ^1.20 ^1.21 ^1.22 ^1.23 ^1.24 ^1.25 ^1.26 ^1.27 ^1.28 ^1.29 ^1.30 ^1.31 ^1.32 ^1.33 ^1.34 ^1.35 ^1.36 ^1.37 ^1.38 ^1.39 ^1.40 ^1.41 ^1.42 ^1.43 ^1.44 ^1.45 ^1.46 ^1.47 ^1.48 ^1.49 ^1.50 ^1.51 ^1.52 ^1.53 ^1.54 ^1.55 ^1.56 ^1.57 ^1.58 ^1.59 ^1.60 ^1.61 ^1.62 ^1.63 ^1.64 ^1.65 ^1.66 ^1.67 ^1.68 ^1.69 ^1.70 ^1.71 ^1.72 ^1.73 Template:RubberBible87th
↑ Greenwood and Earnshaw, p. 1263
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 {{#invoke:cite journal||last=Bratsch |first=Stephen G. |date=July 29, 1988 |orig-date=1 March 1988 |title=Standard electrode potentials and temperature coefficients in water at 298.15 K |url=https://srd.nist.gov/jpcrdreprint/1.555839.pdf |journal=Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data |publisher=American Institute of Physics |publication-date=1989 |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=1–21 |doi=10.1063/1.555839 |via=NIST}}
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 ^4.4 Template:Greenwood&Earnshaw
↑ ^5.00 ^5.01 ^5.02 ^5.03 ^5.04 ^5.05 ^5.06 ^5.07 ^5.08 ^5.09 ^5.10 ^5.11 ^5.12 ^5.13 ^5.14 ^5.15 ^5.16 {{#invoke:cite book||last=Vanýsek |first=Petr |chapter=Electrochemical Series |editor-first=William M. |editor-last=Haynes |title=CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pYPRBQAAQBAJ&pg=SA5-PA80 |date=2011 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-4398-5512-6 |pages=5–80–9 |edition=92nd}}
↑ ^6.00 ^6.01 ^6.02 ^6.03 ^6.04 ^6.05 ^6.06 ^6.07 ^6.08 ^6.09 ^6.10 ^6.11 ^6.12 ^6.13 ^6.14 ^6.15 ^6.16 ^6.17 ^6.18 ^6.19 ^6.20 ^6.21 ^6.22 ^6.23 ^6.24 ^6.25 ^6.26 ^6.27 ^6.28 ^6.29 ^6.30 ^6.31 ^6.32 ^6.33 ^6.34 ^6.35 ^6.36 ^6.37 ^6.38 ^6.39 ^6.40 ^6.41 ^6.42 ^6.43 ^6.44 ^6.45 ^6.46 ^6.47 ^6.48 ^6.49 ^6.50 ^6.51 ^6.52 ^6.53 ^6.54 ^6.55 ^6.56 ^6.57 ^6.58 ^6.59 ^6.60 ^6.61 ^6.62 ^6.63 ^6.64 ^6.65 ^6.66 ^6.67 ^6.68 ^6.69 ^6.70 ^6.71 ^6.72 ^6.73 ^6.74 ^6.75 ^6.76 ^6.77 ^6.78 ^6.79 ^6.80 ^6.81 {{#invoke:cite book||last1=Atkins |first1=Peter |last2=Overton |first2=Tina |last3=Rourke |first3=Jonathan |last4=Weller |first4=Mark |last5=Armstrong |first5=Fraser |last6=Hagerman |first6=Michael |title=Inorganic Chemistry |edition=5th |year=2010 |publisher=W. H. Freeman |location=New York |isbn= 978-1-42-921820-7}}
↑ ^7.00 ^7.01 ^7.02 ^7.03 ^7.04 ^7.05 ^7.06 ^7.07 ^7.08 ^7.09 ^7.10 ^7.11 ^7.12 {{#invoke:cite book||first=Peter W. |last=Atkins |title=Physical Chemistry |publisher=W.H. Freeman |year=1997 |isbn=9780716734659 |edition=6th}}
↑ ^8.00 ^8.01 ^8.02 ^8.03 ^8.04 ^8.05 ^8.06 ^8.07 ^8.08 ^8.09 ^8.10 ^8.11 ^8.12 ^8.13 ^8.14 ^8.15 ^8.16 ^8.17 ^8.18 ^8.19 ^8.20 ^8.21 {{#invoke:cite web||author=Petr Vanysek|title=Electrochemical series|website=depa.fquim.unam.mx |url=http://depa.fquim.unam.mx/amyd/archivero/TablasdepotencialesREDOX_26700.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916165426/http://depa.fquim.unam.mx/amyd/archivero/TablasdepotencialesREDOX_26700.pdf%7Carchive-date=2021-09-16 |url-status=dead}}
↑ David R. Lide, ed., CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Internet Version 2005, http://www.hbcpnetbase.com Template:Webarchive, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2005.
↑ ^10.00 ^10.01 ^10.02 ^10.03 ^10.04 ^10.05 ^10.06 ^10.07 ^10.08 ^10.09 ^10.10 ^10.11 ^10.12 ^10.13 ^10.14 ^10.15 ^10.16 ^10.17 ^10.18 ^10.19 ^10.20 ^10.21 ^10.22 ^10.23 ^10.24 ^10.25 ^10.26 ^10.27 {{#invoke:cite book||last= Vanýsek |first=Petr |year=2012 |editor-last=Haynes |editor-first=William M. |chapter= Electrochemical Series |pages=5–80 |title= Handbook of Chemistry and Physics |edition=93rd |publisher=CRC Press |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-BzP7Rkl7WkC&pg=SA5-PA80 |isbn=9781439880494}}
↑ {{#invoke:cite book||first1=Gordon |last1=Aylward |first2=Tristan |last2=Findlay |title=SI Chemical Data |publisher=Wiley |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-470-81638-7 |edition=6th}}
↑ ^12.0 ^12.1 ^12.2 ^12.3 ^12.4 {{#invoke:cite web||title=compounds information |work=Iron |publisher=WebElements Periodic Table of the Elements |url=http://www.webelements.com/iron/compounds.html}}
↑ ^13.00 ^13.01 ^13.02 ^13.03 ^13.04 ^13.05 ^13.06 ^13.07 ^13.08 ^13.09 ^13.10 ^13.11 ^13.12 ^13.13 ^13.14 ^13.15 ^13.16 ^13.17 ^13.18 ^13.19 ^13.20 {{#invoke:cite book||first1=Allen J. |last1=Bard |first2=Roger |last2=Parsons |first3=Joseph |last3=Jordan |title=Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solution |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fuJV1H18KtEC |date=1985 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-0-8247-7291-8 }}
↑ {{#invoke:cite book|| last1=Brown | first1=Susan A. | last2=Brown | first2=Paul L. | title=The Aqueous Chemistry of Polonium and the Practical Application of its Thermochemistry | chapter=The pH-potential diagram for polonium | publisher=Elsevier | date=2020 | isbn=978-0-12-819308-2 | doi=10.1016/b978-0-12-819308-2.00004-8| s2cid=213141476 }}
↑ ^15.00 ^15.01 ^15.02 ^15.03 ^15.04 ^15.05 ^15.06 ^15.07 ^15.08 ^15.09 {{#invoke:cite book||last1=Bard |first1=A.J. |last2=Faulkner |first2=L.R. |title=Electrochemical Methods. Fundamentals and Applications |publisher=Wiley |year=2001 |isbn=9781118312803 |edition=2nd}}
↑ ^16.00 ^16.01 ^16.02 ^16.03 ^16.04 ^16.05 ^16.06 ^16.07 ^16.08 ^16.09 ^16.10 ^16.11 {{#invoke:cite book||title=A New Concise Inorganic Chemistry|edition=3rd|first=J. L.|last=Lee|publisher=English Language Book Society & Van Nostrand Reinhold (UK)|location=London / Wokingham, Berkshire|orig-date=1977|year=1983|isbn=0-442-30179-0|page=107|ol=4079768W|via=the Internet Archive}}
↑ {{#invoke:cite book||first=Marcel |last=Pourbaix |year=1966 |title=Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria in Aqueous Solutions |publisher=NACE International |location=Houston, Texas; Cebelcor, Brussels |oclc=475102548}}
↑ ^18.0 ^18.1 ^18.2 {{#invoke:cite journal||last1=Pang |first1=Suh Cem |last2=Chin |first2=Suk Fun |last3= Anderson |first3= Marc A. |date= July 2007 |title= Redox equilibria of iron oxides in aqueous-based magnetite dispersions: Effect of pH and redox potential |url= https://www.academia.edu/9254087 |journal= J. Colloid Interface Sci. |volume= 311 |issue=1 |pages= 94–101 |doi= 10.1016/j.jcis.2007.02.058|pmid= 17395194 |access-date= 2017-03-26 |bibcode=2007JCIS..311...94P }}
↑ ^19.0 ^19.1 ^19.2 ^19.3 ^19.4 ^19.5 Greenwood and Earnshaw, p. 1077
↑ ^20.0 ^20.1 ^20.2 {{#invoke:cite book|| last1=Lavrukhina | first1=Avgusta Konstantinovna | last2=Pozdni︠a︡kov | first2=Aleksandr Aleksandrovich | title=Analytical chemistry of technetium, promethium, astatine and francium | publisher=Ann Arbor-Humphrey Science Publishers | publication-place=Ann Arbor | date=1970 | isbn=0-250-39923-7 | oclc=186926 |page=237}}
↑ ^21.0 ^21.1 {{#invoke:cite journal|| last1=Champion | first1=J. | last2=Alliot | first2=C. | last3=Renault | first3=E. | last4=Mokili | first4=B. M. | last5=Chérel | first5=M. | last6=Galland | first6=N. | last7=Montavon | first7=G. | title=Astatine Standard Redox Potentials and Speciation in Acidic Medium | journal=The Journal of Physical Chemistry A | publisher=American Chemical Society (ACS) | volume=114 | issue=1 | date=2009-12-16 | issn=1089-5639 | doi=10.1021/jp9077008 | pages=576–582| pmid=20014840 | s2cid=15738065 | url=http://hal.in2p3.fr/in2p3-00450771/file/JPCA_2010.pdf }}
↑ {{#invoke:cite journal||last=Rock|first=Peter A.|date=February 1966|title=The Standard Oxidation Potential of the Ferrocyanide-Ferricyanide Electrode at 25° and the Entropy of Ferrocyanide Ion|journal=The Journal of Physical Chemistry|volume=70|issue=2|pages=576–580|doi=10.1021/j100874a042|issn=0022-3654}}
↑ {{#invoke:cite journal||first1=Vitaly V.|last1=Pavlishchuk|first2=Anthony W.|last2=Addison|periodical=Inorganica Chimica Acta|title=Conversion constants for redox potentials measured versus different reference electrodes in acetonitrile solutions at 25°C|volume=298|issue=1|pages=97–102|date=January 2000 |doi=10.1016/S0020-1693(99)00407-7}}
↑ {{#invoke:cite journal||last1=Toyoshima |first1=A. |last2=Kasamatsu |first2=Y. |first3=K. |last3=Tsukada |first4=M. |last4=Asai |first5=Y. |last5=Kitatsuji |first6=Y. |last6=Ishii |first7=H. |last7=Toume |first8=I. |last8=Nishinaka |first9=H. |last9=Haba |first10=K. |last10=Ooe |first11=W. |last11=Sato |first12=A. |last12=Shinohara |first13=K. |last13=Akiyama |first14=Y. |last14=Nagame |date=8 July 2009 |title=Oxidation of element 102, nobelium, with flow electrolytic column chromatography on an atom-at-a-time scale |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |volume=131 |issue=26 |pages=9180–1 |doi=10.1021/ja9030038 |pmid=19514720 |url=https://figshare.com/articles/Oxidation_of_Element_102_Nobelium_with_Flow_Electrolytic_Column_Chromatography_on_an_Atom_at_a_Time_Scale/2844817 }}
↑ {{#invoke:cite journal||journal=Archiv der Pharmazie und Berichte der Deutschen Pharmazeutischen Gesellschaft|volume=263|year=1925|via=HathiTrust|pages=675–721|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b3706518%7Cfirst=H. P.|last=Kaufmann|title=Das freie Rhodan und seine Anwendung in der Maßanalyse. Eine neue Kennzahl der Fette|issue=41–47 |doi=10.1002/ardp.19252634104 |lang=de|trans-title=Unbound rhodanium and its application to elemental analysis: A new measurement technique for fats}}
↑ ^26.0 ^26.1 ^26.2 ^26.3 ^26.4 ^26.5 ^26.6 {{#invoke:cite web||title=compounds information |work=Xenon |publisher=WebElements Periodic Table of the Elements |url=http://www.webelements.com/xenon/compounds.html}}
↑ ^27.0 ^27.1 Template:Cotton&Wilkinson6th.
↑ ^28.0 ^28.1 ^28.2 ^28.3 ^28.4 {{#invoke:cite book||title=Arrow Pushing in Inorganic Chemistry: A logical approach to the chemistry of the main-group elements|first1=Abhik|last1=Ghosh|first2=Steffen|last2=Berg|publisher=Wiley|year=2014|location=Hoboken|isbn=978-1-118-17398-5|page=12}}
↑ ^29.0 ^29.1 ^29.2 {{#invoke:cite journal|| last=Appelman | first=Evan H. | title=Nonexistent compounds. Two case histories | journal=Accounts of Chemical Research | publisher=American Chemical Society (ACS) | volume=6 | issue=4 | date=1973-04-01 | issn=0001-4842 | doi=10.1021/ar50064a001 | pages=113–117}}
↑ {{#invoke:cite web||first=Arlene |last=Courtney |title=Oxidation Reduction Chemistry of the Elements |work=Ch 412 Advanced Inorganic Chemistry: Reading Materials |publisher=Western Oregon University |url=https://people.wou.edu/~courtna/ch412/redox.htm}}
↑ {{#invoke:cite journal||first1=P.J. |last1=Leszczyński |first2=W. |last2=Grochala |title=Strong Cationic Oxidizers: Thermal Decomposition, Electronic Structure and Magnetism of Their Compounds |journal=Acta Chim. Slov. |volume=60 |issue=3 |pages=455–470 |year=2013 |pmid=24169699 |url=http://acta-arhiv.chem-soc.si/60/60-3-455.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://acta-arhiv.chem-soc.si/60/60-3-455.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live}}

External links

{{#invoke:cite web||title=P1: Standard Reduction Potentials by Element |author=Chemistry LibreTexts |work=Chemistry LibreTexts |date=2021-04-26 |access-date=2021-11-30 |url= https://chem.libretexts.org/Ancillary_Materials/Reference/Reference_Tables/Electrochemistry_Tables/P1%3A_Standard_Reduction_Potentials_by_Element}}
{{#invoke:cite web||title=Standard Reduction Potentials |author=California State University, Northridge (CSUN) |work=csun.edu |date= |access-date=2021-11-30 |url= https://www.csun.edu/~hcchm003/321/Ered.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215093555/http://www.csun.edu/~hcchm003/321/Ered.pdf |archive-date=2017-12-15 |url-status=live |language=English}}
{{#invoke:cite web||title=Reduction potentials of one-electron couples involving free radicals in aqueous solution |last1=Wardman |first1=Peter |work=srd.nist.gov |year=1989 |access-date=2021-11-30 |url= https://srd.nist.gov/JPCRD/jpcrd372.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://srd.nist.gov/JPCRD/jpcrd372.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live |language=English}}
http://www.jesuitnola.org/upload/clark/Refs/red_pot.htm Template:Webarchive
https://web.archive.org/web/20150924015049/http://www.fptl.ru/biblioteka/spravo4niki/handbook-of-Chemistry-and-Physics.pdf
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/Hbase/tables/electpot.html#c1

[rwP-16] 1.0 ^1.1 Not specified in the indicated reference, but assumed due to the difference between the value −0.454 and that computed by (2×(−0.499) + (−0.508))/3 = −0.502, exactly matching the difference between the values for white (−0.063) and red (−0.111) phosphorus in equilibrium with PH₃.

[CRC-1] 1.00 ^1.01 ^1.02 ^1.03 ^1.04 ^1.05 ^1.06 ^1.07 ^1.08 ^1.09 ^1.10 ^1.11 ^1.12 ^1.13 ^1.14 ^1.15 ^1.16 ^1.17 ^1.18 ^1.19 ^1.20 ^1.21 ^1.22 ^1.23 ^1.24 ^1.25 ^1.26 ^1.27 ^1.28 ^1.29 ^1.30 ^1.31 ^1.32 ^1.33 ^1.34 ^1.35 ^1.36 ^1.37 ^1.38 ^1.39 ^1.40 ^1.41 ^1.42 ^1.43 ^1.44 ^1.45 ^1.46 ^1.47 ^1.48 ^1.49 ^1.50 ^1.51 ^1.52 ^1.53 ^1.54 ^1.55 ^1.56 ^1.57 ^1.58 ^1.59 ^1.60 ^1.61 ^1.62 ^1.63 ^1.64 ^1.65 ^1.66 ^1.67 ^1.68 ^1.69 ^1.70 ^1.71 ^1.72 ^1.73 Template:RubberBible87th

[Greenwood1263-2] Greenwood and Earnshaw, p. 1263

[VanSrc-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 {{#invoke:cite journal||last=Bratsch |first=Stephen G. |date=July 29, 1988 |orig-date=1 March 1988 |title=Standard electrode potentials and temperature coefficients in water at 298.15 K |url=https://srd.nist.gov/jpcrdreprint/1.555839.pdf |journal=Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data |publisher=American Institute of Physics |publication-date=1989 |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=1–21 |doi=10.1063/1.555839 |via=NIST}}

[Gre-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 ^4.4 Template:Greenwood&Earnshaw

[van92-5] 5.00 ^5.01 ^5.02 ^5.03 ^5.04 ^5.05 ^5.06 ^5.07 ^5.08 ^5.09 ^5.10 ^5.11 ^5.12 ^5.13 ^5.14 ^5.15 ^5.16 {{#invoke:cite book||last=Vanýsek |first=Petr |chapter=Electrochemical Series |editor-first=William M. |editor-last=Haynes |title=CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pYPRBQAAQBAJ&pg=SA5-PA80 |date=2011 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-4398-5512-6 |pages=5–80–9 |edition=92nd}}

[AS5-6] 6.00 ^6.01 ^6.02 ^6.03 ^6.04 ^6.05 ^6.06 ^6.07 ^6.08 ^6.09 ^6.10 ^6.11 ^6.12 ^6.13 ^6.14 ^6.15 ^6.16 ^6.17 ^6.18 ^6.19 ^6.20 ^6.21 ^6.22 ^6.23 ^6.24 ^6.25 ^6.26 ^6.27 ^6.28 ^6.29 ^6.30 ^6.31 ^6.32 ^6.33 ^6.34 ^6.35 ^6.36 ^6.37 ^6.38 ^6.39 ^6.40 ^6.41 ^6.42 ^6.43 ^6.44 ^6.45 ^6.46 ^6.47 ^6.48 ^6.49 ^6.50 ^6.51 ^6.52 ^6.53 ^6.54 ^6.55 ^6.56 ^6.57 ^6.58 ^6.59 ^6.60 ^6.61 ^6.62 ^6.63 ^6.64 ^6.65 ^6.66 ^6.67 ^6.68 ^6.69 ^6.70 ^6.71 ^6.72 ^6.73 ^6.74 ^6.75 ^6.76 ^6.77 ^6.78 ^6.79 ^6.80 ^6.81 {{#invoke:cite book||last1=Atkins |first1=Peter |last2=Overton |first2=Tina |last3=Rourke |first3=Jonathan |last4=Weller |first4=Mark |last5=Armstrong |first5=Fraser |last6=Hagerman |first6=Michael |title=Inorganic Chemistry |edition=5th |year=2010 |publisher=W. H. Freeman |location=New York |isbn= 978-1-42-921820-7}}

[Atk-7] 7.00 ^7.01 ^7.02 ^7.03 ^7.04 ^7.05 ^7.06 ^7.07 ^7.08 ^7.09 ^7.10 ^7.11 ^7.12 {{#invoke:cite book||first=Peter W. |last=Atkins |title=Physical Chemistry |publisher=W.H. Freeman |year=1997 |isbn=9780716734659 |edition=6th}}

[van??-8] 8.00 ^8.01 ^8.02 ^8.03 ^8.04 ^8.05 ^8.06 ^8.07 ^8.08 ^8.09 ^8.10 ^8.11 ^8.12 ^8.13 ^8.14 ^8.15 ^8.16 ^8.17 ^8.18 ^8.19 ^8.20 ^8.21 {{#invoke:cite web||author=Petr Vanysek|title=Electrochemical series|website=depa.fquim.unam.mx |url=http://depa.fquim.unam.mx/amyd/archivero/TablasdepotencialesREDOX_26700.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916165426/http://depa.fquim.unam.mx/amyd/archivero/TablasdepotencialesREDOX_26700.pdf%7Carchive-date=2021-09-16 |url-status=dead}}

[9] David R. Lide, ed., CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Internet Version 2005, http://www.hbcpnetbase.com Template:Webarchive, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2005.

[van-10] 10.00 ^10.01 ^10.02 ^10.03 ^10.04 ^10.05 ^10.06 ^10.07 ^10.08 ^10.09 ^10.10 ^10.11 ^10.12 ^10.13 ^10.14 ^10.15 ^10.16 ^10.17 ^10.18 ^10.19 ^10.20 ^10.21 ^10.22 ^10.23 ^10.24 ^10.25 ^10.26 ^10.27 {{#invoke:cite book||last= Vanýsek |first=Petr |year=2012 |editor-last=Haynes |editor-first=William M. |chapter= Electrochemical Series |pages=5–80 |title= Handbook of Chemistry and Physics |edition=93rd |publisher=CRC Press |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-BzP7Rkl7WkC&pg=SA5-PA80 |isbn=9781439880494}}

[si-11] {{#invoke:cite book||first1=Gordon |last1=Aylward |first2=Tristan |last2=Findlay |title=SI Chemical Data |publisher=Wiley |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-470-81638-7 |edition=6th}}

[webelements_fe-12] 12.0 ^12.1 ^12.2 ^12.3 ^12.4 {{#invoke:cite web||title=compounds information |work=Iron |publisher=WebElements Periodic Table of the Elements |url=http://www.webelements.com/iron/compounds.html}}

[Bar-13] 13.00 ^13.01 ^13.02 ^13.03 ^13.04 ^13.05 ^13.06 ^13.07 ^13.08 ^13.09 ^13.10 ^13.11 ^13.12 ^13.13 ^13.14 ^13.15 ^13.16 ^13.17 ^13.18 ^13.19 ^13.20 {{#invoke:cite book||first1=Allen J. |last1=Bard |first2=Roger |last2=Parsons |first3=Joseph |last3=Jordan |title=Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solution |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fuJV1H18KtEC |date=1985 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-0-8247-7291-8 }}

[14] {{#invoke:cite book|| last1=Brown | first1=Susan A. | last2=Brown | first2=Paul L. | title=The Aqueous Chemistry of Polonium and the Practical Application of its Thermochemistry | chapter=The pH-potential diagram for polonium | publisher=Elsevier | date=2020 | isbn=978-0-12-819308-2 | doi=10.1016/b978-0-12-819308-2.00004-8| s2cid=213141476 }}

[Bar2-15] 15.00 ^15.01 ^15.02 ^15.03 ^15.04 ^15.05 ^15.06 ^15.07 ^15.08 ^15.09 {{#invoke:cite book||last1=Bard |first1=A.J. |last2=Faulkner |first2=L.R. |title=Electrochemical Methods. Fundamentals and Applications |publisher=Wiley |year=2001 |isbn=9781118312803 |edition=2nd}}

[Lee-17] 16.00 ^16.01 ^16.02 ^16.03 ^16.04 ^16.05 ^16.06 ^16.07 ^16.08 ^16.09 ^16.10 ^16.11 {{#invoke:cite book||title=A New Concise Inorganic Chemistry|edition=3rd|first=J. L.|last=Lee|publisher=English Language Book Society & Van Nostrand Reinhold (UK)|location=London / Wokingham, Berkshire|orig-date=1977|year=1983|isbn=0-442-30179-0|page=107|ol=4079768W|via=the Internet Archive}}

[Pou-18] {{#invoke:cite book||first=Marcel |last=Pourbaix |year=1966 |title=Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria in Aqueous Solutions |publisher=NACE International |location=Houston, Texas; Cebelcor, Brussels |oclc=475102548}}

[Pang2007-19] 18.0 ^18.1 ^18.2 {{#invoke:cite journal||last1=Pang |first1=Suh Cem |last2=Chin |first2=Suk Fun |last3= Anderson |first3= Marc A. |date= July 2007 |title= Redox equilibria of iron oxides in aqueous-based magnetite dispersions: Effect of pH and redox potential |url= https://www.academia.edu/9254087 |journal= J. Colloid Interface Sci. |volume= 311 |issue=1 |pages= 94–101 |doi= 10.1016/j.jcis.2007.02.058|pmid= 17395194 |access-date= 2017-03-26 |bibcode=2007JCIS..311...94P }}

[Greenwood1077-20] 19.0 ^19.1 ^19.2 ^19.3 ^19.4 ^19.5 Greenwood and Earnshaw, p. 1077

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Standard electrode potential (data page)

Contents

Table of standard electrode potentials

See also

Notes

References

External links

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Standard electrode potential (data page)

Table of standard electrode potentials

See also

Notes

References

External links

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