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...measure of the distribution of radiant heat flux per unit area and [[solid angle]], in a particular direction, defined according to *<math>d\omega</math> is the [[solid angle]] subtended by the infinitesimal 'target' (or 'aperture') area <math>dA_a</ ...

...ube]] (an "old-fashioned" TV camera). In a video camera tube, the diagonal of the actual light-sensitive target was about two-thirds the outside diameter ...television. <ref>http://www.dpreview.com/news/2002/10/7/sensorsizes (table of sensor sizes at bottom)</ref> ...

...[[event (particle physics)|events]] detected (''dN'') in a certain period of time (''dt'') to the [[Cross section (physics)|cross-section]] (''&sigma;'' |chapter=Concept of luminosity ...

! scope="col" width="125" | SI units ! Angle subtended by object ...

{{Short description|Radiance of a surface}} ...Many? A Dictionary of Units of Measurement|url=http://www.unc.edu/~rowlett/units/dictF.html#flick|access-date=10 August 2012}}</ref> ...

{{short description|Model for the magnetization of single-domain ferromagnets}} ...<ref name=sw>{{Harvnb|Stoner|Wohlfarth|1948}}</ref> It is a simple example of [[magnetic hysteresis]] and is useful for modeling small magnetic particles ...

This article summarizes [[equation]]s in the theory of [[wave]]s. ...ity and acceleration refer to the kinematics in the oscillating directions of the wave - transverse or longitudinal (mathematical description is identica ...

...description|Difference between the confining and bulk pressures of a phase of matter}} ...orce''', which can be viewed as disjoining pressure times the surface area of the interacting surfaces. ...

...mechanisms but still interprets the anelastic behaviour as a manifestation of internal [[Relaxation (physics)|relaxation]] processes. It is a behaviour d ...or just modulus) while its reciprocal <math>J</math> is called the modulus of compliance (or just compliance). ...

{{Short description|Relative deformation of a physical body}} {{Continuum mechanics |solid}} ...

{{Short description|Relation of magnetization to applied magnetic field and temperature}} ...the material is heated, this proportionality is reduced. For a fixed value of the field, the [[magnetic susceptibility]] is inversely proportional to tem ...

...o describe [[Small-angle X-ray scattering|small-angle X-ray]], and [[Small-angle neutron scattering|neutron scattering]] (and in some cases [[Light scatteri ...57|doi=10.1007/BF01519615|s2cid=197930362 }}</ref> The prominent examples of universal scattering functions are Guinier's Law, ...

...t is generated mechanically for smaller units and hydraulically for larger units to enable separation. Pusher centrifuges can be used for a variety of applications. They were typically used in [[inorganic]] industries and late ...

...olid-state physics]] that describes the evolution of the [[magnetization]] of a material. A [[magnetic moment]] <math>m</math> in the presence of a [[magnetic field]] <math>H</math> experiences a [[torque]] <math>\tau</ma ...

...by A. Motte (1729), revised by F. Cajori (1934). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press 140: 175.</ref> ...>{{cite book |last1=Whiteside |first1=D. T. |title=The Mathematical Papers of Isaac Newton |volume=6 |date=1974 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] ...

In the study of [[heat transfer]], '''Schwarzschild's equation'''<ref name="Petty">{{cite b ...ogists: intensity [W/m{{sup|2}}/sr] and flux [W/m²] followed by units. For example, see: {{cite book|title=Atmospheric science : an introductory ...

...ef>{{cite journal |last1=Pancharatnam |first1=S. |title=Generalized theory of interference, and its application |journal=Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. |date=No |journal = [[Proceedings of the Royal Society A]] ...

...It is currently practiced in a variety of modalities, mainly in the areas of [[biophysics]] and [[heterogeneous catalysis]]. ...in what?--> are then detected by monitoring variations in the polarization of the saturated [[electron paramagnetic resonance]] (EPR) transition.<ref nam ...

...concerned with electromagnetic multipole radiation, although the treatment of gravitational waves is similar. ...ed. Multipole analysis offers a way to separate the radiation into moments of increasing complexity. Since the electromagnetic field depends more heavily ...

{{Short description|Physical interaction of charged particles}} '''Coulomb scattering''' is the [[elastic scattering]] of [[charged particle]]s by the [[Coulomb interaction]]. ...