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{{Short description|Concept in mathematics}} ...roup]] of a finite type surface. Fully irreducibles play an important role in the study of structural properties of individual elements and of subgroups ...

| known_for = [[Out(Fn)#Outer space|Culler–Vogtmann Outer space]] *2016, [[European Congress of Mathematics]] plenary talk ...

{{Short description|Concept in mathematics}} In mathematics, the '''free factor complex''' (sometimes also called the '''c ...

...ay are preventing new stars from forming and are ultimately playing a role in galaxy evolution.<ref name="Yale"/> ...It is a combination of these hot and cooling flows that cause cosmic wind. In smaller stars, such as the Sun, the wind comes from the Sun's [[Stellar cor ...

In the area of modern algebra known as [[group theory]], the '''Fischer group' The [[outer automorphism group]] has order 2, and the [[Schur multiplier]] has order 6. ...

...ic processes]], such as the [[geometric Brownian motion]]{{sfn|Peres|Sousi|2016}} or stable [[Lévy processes]]{{sfn|Kern|Pleschberger|2024}} plus [[Borel m We define the <math>\alpha</math>-parabolic <math>\beta</math>-Hausdorff [[outer measure]] for any set <math>A \subseteq \R^{d+1}</math> as ...

[[File:HarmonicDriveAni.gif|thumb|{{Bulleted list|Outer circle: circular spline (fixed)|Middle circle: flex spline (attached to out ...with the [[Gear#External versus internal gears|internal gear]] teeth of an outer spline. ...

...are two palindromic substrings with length three, namely, "aca" and "ada". In some applications it may be necessary to return all maximal palindromic sub ...an | publisher=Schloss Dagstuhl | series=Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs) | volume=223 | doi = 10.4230/LIPIcs.CPM.2022.20 | doi- ...

| caption = Christophedumas and its satellite imaged by the [[Hubble Space Telescope]] from May to July 2005 ...m the outer regions of the [[asteroid belt]], approximately 4.6 kilometers in diameter. ...

...way that makes it possible to extend concepts such as [[dimension (vector space)|dimension]] and [[determinant]] to an infinite-dimensional situation. Tate A typical example of a Tate vector space over a [[field (mathematics)|field]] ''k'' are the [[Laurent series|Laurent ...

[[File:IRS46 nasa.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Illustration of a dusty disk in orbit around a young star]] ...sun slow the rates of pebble accretion in the inner Solar System resulting in smaller terrestrial planets, a small mass of [[Mars]] and a low mass astero ...

...virtual channels tend to either have high reliability or low reliability (in other words, they polarize or become sparse), and the data bits are allocat ...do | last5=Sayir | first5=Jossy | title=Challenges and some new directions in channel coding | date=2015 | class=cs.IT }}</ref> ...

In [[positional astronomy]], two [[astronomical object]]s are said to be in '''opposition''' when they are on [[antipodal point|opposite sides]] of the ...ht line, or [[syzygy (astronomy)|syzygy]]; that is, Earth and the body are in the same direction as seen from the Sun. Opposition occurs only for [[super ...

{{Short description|Single sock in a pair of socks known or perceived to be missing}} [[File:忘れ物 (26568823296).jpg|thumb|A single sock in the "lost items" basket of a laundromat]] ...

...es/9789535117308|ISBN 978-953-51-1730-8]] <ref>{{Cite book |title=Advances in Optical Communication |date=2014 |publisher=IntechOpen |isbn=978-953-51-173 ...head Publishing |isbn=978-1-78242-468-0 |series=Woodhead Publishing series in electronic and optical materials |location=Cambridge, UK}}</ref>[[Photodiod ...

|space={{math|''O''(1)}}}} ...]] to arrive at {{math|''O''(''n'' log ''n'')}} (see [[Big O notation]]) [[in-place]] [[sorting algorithm#Stability|stable]] sorting time. It gets its na ...

...ad]].<ref name=Wh>[[J. H. C. Whitehead]], ''On equivalent sets of elements in a free group'', [[Annals of Mathematics|Ann. of Math. (2)]] 37:4 (1936), 78 ...xists an [[Automorphism group of a free group|automorphism]] <math>\varphi\in \operatorname{Aut}(F_n)</math> such that <math> \varphi(w)=w'</math>. ...

[[File:Terrestrial planet sizes2.jpg|thumb|510x510px|Though differing in size and temperature, terrestrial planets of the Solar System were reported ...|s2cid=119097653 }}</ref> ESI was also referenced in an article published in ''[[Revista Cubana de Física]]''.<ref name="Gonzalez">{{cite journal|year=2 ...

{{Short description|Outermost or uppermost layer of a physical object or space}} ...ist-style = amp |title = The Routledge Companion to Design Studies |year = 2016 |location = New York |publisher = [[Routledge]] |page = 124 |isbn = 9781317 ...

...ement in March 2018, it was the third most distant observed natural object in the [[Solar System]], after [[Eris (dwarf planet)|Eris]] and {{mpl|2014 UZ| ...quires an [[observation arc]] of several years to refine the uncertainties in the approximately 700-year [[orbital period]] and determine whether it is c ...