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| name = C/1980 E1 (Bowell) | discovery_date = 11 February 1980 ...

...here]]s to the evolution of [[Galaxy|galaxies]]. From 2010 until his death in late 2015 he was an [[emeritus]] professor of [[astronomy]] at the [[Univer ...ies. In 1964 Spinrad was invited to return to Berkeley as a professor, and in 1968 he received tenure.<ref name="oral_history"/><ref name="berkeley_astro ...

...[Ellis R. Lippincott Award]] {{small|(1998)}}<br/>[[E. Bright Wilson Award in Spectroscopy]] {{small|(2002)}}<br/>[[Davy Medal]] {{small|(2004)}} ...is a Japanese-American [[spectroscopist]] and [[astronomer]] specializing in the field of [[galactic astronomy]], known as a pioneer of [[astrochemistry ...

{{short description|Astronomical object not gravitationally bound to a star}} ...2I/Borisov]] comet, the second confirmed interstellar object, photographed in late-2019 beside a distant galaxy]] ...

...escription|Interstellar comet passing through the Solar System, discovered in 2019}} ...t|Comet Borisov|other comets discovered by Gennadiy Borisov|List of comets discovered by Gennadiy Borisov}} ...

{{Short description|Interstellar object passed near Earth in 2017}} ...sive 4.2 meter diameter telescope is tracking the rapidly moving A/2017 U1 in the field of view. |url-status=live}}</ref>}} ...

...[[Ptolemy's table of chords|calculation of chords]], while mathematicians in India created the earliest-known tables of values for trigonometric ratios Throughout history, trigonometry has been applied in areas such as [[geodesy]], [[surveying]], [[celestial mechanics]], and [[na ...

...om/mnras/article/527/4/11521/7511973 |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=527 |issue=4 |pages=11521–11538 |doi=10.1093/mnras/stad3761 | discovered = 23 September 1846 ...

...Poisson]]. The process itself was discovered independently and repeatedly in several settings, including experiments on [[radioactive decay]], telephone ...s, Volume II- Applications'', volume 4, No 1–2 of ''Foundations and Trends in Networking''. NoW Publishers, 2009.</ref><ref name="Haenggi2009">M. Haenggi ...

{{Short description|Problem in physics and celestial mechanics}} {{About|the problem in classical mechanics|the problem in quantum mechanics|Many-body problem|engineering problems and simulations in ...

...electron microscope]] (SEM) photo of a dust particle collected by [[NASA]] in the [[stratosphere]] together with its [[energy-dispersive X-ray spectrosco ...n in order to obtain information on the [[astronomical object]]s occurring in [[outer space]]. Dust astronomy overlaps with the fields of [[Planetary sci ...

...|Reaka-Kudla|Wilson|Wilson|1997|pp=132–33}} In turn, technology may result in the [[extinction of humanity]], leaving the planet to gradually return to a ..., Earth's axial tilt may begin to undergo chaotic variations, with changes in the axial tilt of up to 90°.<ref name=aaa318/> ...

...sity]] is very low: {{val|7e-30|u=g/cm3}} ({{val|6e-10|u=J/m³}} in [[mass-energy]]), much less than the density of ordinary matter or dark mat ...gy#Evidence of existence|several independent lines of evidence]] have been discovered that support the existence of dark energy. ...

...metry had appeared throughout history, including the work of [[Desargues]] in the 17th century, all the way back to the implicit use of [[spherical geome ...em|Wiles's proof]] of [[Fermat's Last Theorem]], a problem that was stated in terms of [[elementary arithmetic]], and remained unsolved for several centu ...

{{Short description|List of definitions of terms and concepts commonly used in aerospace engineering}} ...or (in [[broadcast engineering]]) [[height above average terrain]] (HAAT). In other words, these expressions (AGL, AMSL, HAAT) indicate where the "zero l ...

| caption = Hawking, {{circa|1980}} ...com/article/us-britain-hawking-ashes/stephen-hawking-to-join-newton-darwin-in-final-resting-place-idUSKBN1GW2GV |archive-date=21 March 2018 |url-status=l ...

Egyptian inventions and discoveries are objects, processes or techniques which owe their existence or first known written a ...ty of Kadesh.jpg|thumb|Tablet of one of the earliest recorded [[treaties]] in history, [[Egyptian-Hittite peace treaty|Treaty of Kadesh]], at the [[Istan ...

{{Short description|Overview of scientific and technological developments in Iran/Persia}} ...using its [[safir (rocket)|own launcher]] and the sixth to send [[animals in space]].]] ...

...47.jpg|alt=|thumb|[[Leonardo da Vinci|Leonardo]] wrote aerodynamic studies in a notebook eventually titled <nowiki>''</nowiki>[[Codex on the Flight of Bi ...discoveries''' are objects, processes or techniques invented, innovated or discovered, partially or entirely, by [[Italians]]. ...

...de potential]]|content='''[[Absolute electrode potential]]'''}}{{defn|defn=In [[electrochemistry]], according to an [[IUPAC]] definition,<ref>[https://go ...rate at which the velocity of a body changes with time, and the direction in which that change is acting.}} ...