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...over an alphabet|words]] or other structures exist. Roughly speaking, tree transducers extend [[tree automata]] in the same way that [[finite-state transducer|wor The main classes of tree transducers are: ...

...Measurements of Heat Flux in Industrial Thermal Insulation Using Heat Flux Transducers (Withdrawn 2019)|access-date=2018-05-15|archive-date=2018-05-16|archive-url ...Measurements of Heat Flux in Industrial Thermal Insulation Using Heat Flux Transducers ...

...S}</math>. This feature is of great advantage for making electromechanical transducers. ...

=== Transducers === ...e used more often because they are cheaper, lighter, and less bulky. These transducers are constituted of [[single crystal]]s or ceramic and two [[electrode]]s fi ...

...the pressure field produced by [[ultrasonic sensor#Transducers|ultrasonic transducers]], generally in water or tissue-mimicking media. The method provides a two- ...|s2cid=205965366 }}</ref> (e.g. in [[phased array ultrasonics|phased array transducers]]). Some researchers{{who|date=May 2020}} say that schlieren imaging is equ ...

...parallelepiped]]-shaped sample is lightly held between two [[piezoelectric transducers]]. One transducer is used to generate an [[elastic wave]] of constant [[amp ...o buffer rods that link the sample to the transducers (Fig. 3) because the transducers must be kept at [[room temperature]]. In terms of [[pressure]], on the cont ...

...cer types emit sound waves into the material when excited. Typically these transducers use a predetermined frequency, however certain thickness gauges allow for f ...

...renewed interest in PV loops studies. In sonomicrometry, small ultrasonic transducers (usually referred to as "crystals") transmit signals to each other, and the ...an electronic signal-processing unit that is connected to small ultrasonic transducers (crystals). A computer acting as a data acquisition and display device obta ...

=== Transducers === ...is may seem like a disadvantage on the face of it. However, many practical transducers, especially at [[Audio frequency|audio frequencies]], work by [[electromagn ...

...electrical domain and one port in the mechanical domain.<ref name=":0" /> Transducers can be analysed as two-port networks in the same way as electrical two-port * Leo Leroy Beranek, Tim Mellow, ''Acoustics: Sound Fields and Transducers'', Academic Press, 2012 {{ISBN|0123914213}}. ...

=== Transducers === * Beranek, Leo Leroy; Mellow, Tim J., ''Acoustics: Sound Fields and Transducers'', Academic Press, 2012 {{ISBN|0123914213}}. ...

===Finite-State Transducers=== ...le]]s and [[sound change]], are computationally equivalent to finite-state transducers, provided that application is nonrecursive, i.e. the rule is not allowed to ...

== Transducers and actuators == ...293.jpg|thumb|A mechanical filter opened to show the mechanical-electrical transducers at either end]] ...

...umption.<ref>{{cite book|last=Arnold |first=D.|title=Lecture Notes on MEMS Transducers |date=Fall 2010 – Spring 2011}}</ref> ...|title=Fabrication and Integration of Permanent Magnet Materials into MEMS Transducers|bibcode=2010PhDT........49W|year=2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Arnol ...

...al circuits)|electrical dual]] of the electrical elements. This is because transducers between the electrical and magnetic domains in this model are usually repre ...sion would be represented as a transformer. However, real electro-magnetic transducers usually behave as gyrators. A transducer from the magnetic domain to the el ...

...ndo|last3=Riley|first3=Michael|date=2002-01-01|title=Weighted finite-state transducers in speech recognition|url=https://repository.upenn.edu/bitstreams/0473dbb0- ...

...Proceedings of International Solid State Sensors and Actuators Conference (Transducers '97) |chapter=Controlled pulse-etching with xenon difluoride |volume=1|page ...Proceedings of International Solid State Sensors and Actuators Conference (Transducers '97) |chapter=Controlled pulse-etching with xenon difluoride |volume=1|page ...

...sistor, current transformers and [[Rogowski coil]]s, magnetic-field based transducers and others. ...url=https://www.lem.com/en/file/5619/download|title=High Precision Current Transducers Catalogue|last1=LEM International SA|date=June 2011|issue=version 1}}</ref> ...

...]]s, whose [[sensor]]s and [[actuator]]s will typically be domain-crossing transducers. A given system being represented by an electrical analogy may conceivably == Transducers == ...

...o mechanical components which correspond to their electrical counterparts, transducers are needed to convert between the mechanical and electrical domains. A rep ...nother patent using the same methodology on telephone transmit and receive transducers.<ref>{{harvp|Harrison|1930}}</ref> ...