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{{short description|Subarea of optimal tax theory}} ...a sub-area of [[optimal tax|optimal tax theory]] which refers to the study of designing [[income tax|a tax on individual labour income]] such that a give ...

...e=2003-07-01|title=Axiomatic and game-theoretic analysis of bankruptcy and taxation problems: a survey|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pi There is a certain amount of money to divide, denoted by ''<math>E</math>'' (=Estate or Endowment). Ther ...

...e=2003-07-01|title=Axiomatic and game-theoretic analysis of bankruptcy and taxation problems: a survey|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pi There is a certain amount of money to divide, denoted by ''<math>E</math>'' (=Estate or Endowment). Ther ...

...e=2003-07-01|title=Axiomatic and game-theoretic analysis of bankruptcy and taxation problems: a survey|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pi There is a certain amount of money to divide, denoted by ''<math>E</math>'' (=Estate or Endowment). Ther ...

{{Short description|Taxation process}} {{taxation}} ...

...e=2003-07-01|title=Axiomatic and game-theoretic analysis of bankruptcy and taxation problems: a survey|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pi ...ate or Endowment). There are ''n'' people who claim this resource or parts of it; they are called ''claimants''. The amount claimed by each claimant ''i' ...

...has expired." This allows investors to lower their tax amount with the use of investment losses.<ref name="www.cbsnews.comnews">{{Citation |title=Help wi ...tps://apnews.com/77781c9a80774612a6eebe68a29d0060/Assessing-the-true-value-of-tax-loss-harvesting }}</ref> If marginal rates are different, then there ca ...

...the long run without threatening government solvency or defaulting on some of its liabilities or promised expenditures. There is no consensus among econo ...al policy in Poland in the period 2004–2017 |journal=International Journal of Management and Economics |date=30 September 2018 |volume=54 |issue=3 |pages ...

...problem]]s"). The idea is that, if one claimant's claim is less than 100% of the estate to divide, then he effectively ''concedes'' the unclaimed estate ...that is [[Coherence (fairness)|consistent]] with the CG rule for each pair of claimants.<ref name=":2" /> They call the rule, that selects this unique di ...

...|first4=G. |last5=Behrens |first5=D. A. |year=2008 |title=Optimal Control of Nonlinear Processes: With Applications in Drugs, Corruption, and Terror |pu Of particular interest here are discounted infinite horizon [[optimal control] ...

...y|fiscal]], or [[monetary policy]], that predicts that a substantial level of [[inflation]] is harmless, desirable or even advantageous. Similarly, infla ...nomics]], as well as [[Monetarism|Monetarist economics]] and in the theory of [[debt deflation]]. ...

...Guide">[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2019-03-21/modern-monetary-theory-beginner-s-guide Bloomberg-Coy, Dmitrieva & Boesler-A Beginner's Guide to M ...cs Institute]] to support macroeconomic modelling and by [[Modern Monetary Theory|Modern Monetary Theorists]] to illustrate the relationship between governme ...

{{Short description|Inability of countries to borrow abroad in domestic currency}} ...ast3=Panizza |first3=Ugo |date=2023 |title=Yet it Endures: The Persistence of Original Sin |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s11079-022-09704-3 |journal=Open ...

...f all governments simultaneously attempt to follow the policy prescription of the model, all countries would wind up worse off.<ref name=krugman/> ...New Trade Theory models, [[economies of scale]] (in this case, in the form of fixed entry costs) play an important role in the Brander–Spencer model.<ref ...

{{Short description|Means of financing American Civil War}} [[Image:Confederate 5 and 100 Dollars.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Front of Confederate notes (back was unprinted)]] ...

.... The allegory has received continuing attention, particularly in the wake of the [[late-2000s recession]]. ...Don't know current president; Rudi Schreiber was president in 2008, but as of 2010 is no longer president (personal communication). --> ...

|birth_place = [[Zanica]], [[Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)|Kingdom of Italy]] |alma_mater = Università Cattolica Milano, [[University of Cambridge]]. ...

...diminishing marginal utility|diminishing marginal utility]] of having more of the same good. ...nd which has desirable properties. For example, the [[Arrow–Debreu model]] of [[general equilibrium|general economic equilibrium]] posits that if prefere ...

[[File:Bitcoin transactions per month.svg|thumb|400px|Number of on-chain bitcoin transactions per month (logarithmic scale)]] ...ref>[https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3047875 A History of Bitcoin.] ''Monetary Economics: International Financial Flows, Financial Cr ...

...ypothesis for a Risk Cost of Carbon: Revising the Externalities and Ethics of Climate Change|date=2019|url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-031 ...price for mitigated carbon. The carbon currency will not convey ownership of mitigated carbon, and consequently the carbon currency cannot function as a ...