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...description|Test used in the analysis of stratified or matched categorical data}} ...ponse and/or to several groups are commonly called Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel statistics.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Nathan Mantel | title = Chi-Square Tests wit ...

{{Short description|Statistical property quantifying how much a collection of data is spread out}} ...ta is widely scattered. On the other hand, when the variance is small, the data in the set is clustered. ...

...oblems.<ref name=CDA>{{cite book|last=Agresti|first=Alan|title=Categorical Data Analysis|year=2002|publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Inc.|location=Hoboken, New ...er where this observation belongs. So a random effect component, different for different clusters, is introduced into the model. Let <math>y</math> be the ...

{{Short description|Graphical technique for data sets}} [[File:oldfaithful3.png|thumb|320px|[[Scatterplot]] of the eruption interval for the [[Old Faithful]] [[geyser]]]] ...

for the 22-county Chicago Region.<ref name=swink1979/> [[File:North American Regions with C-values for their flora.tif|thumb|Regions with C-values assigned to their flora ({{as o ...

{{Short description|Smooth function in statistics}} {{for|variance as a function of space-time separation|Variogram}} ...

...is generally challenging. TDA provides a general framework to analyze such data in a manner that is insensitive to the particular [[metric (mathematics)|me ...[point cloud]] data. Persistent homology has been applied to many types of data across many fields. Moreover, its mathematical foundation is also of theore ...

...f name=":1" /> while many complete high school without passing Calculus or Statistics.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":47" /> At the other end, counselors at competi .../> However, many students find themselves having to take remedial courses for high-school mathematics<ref name=":50" /><ref name=":17" /> and many drop o ...

...Daily|language=en}} Quote: "..."Our work implies that the brain mechanisms for forming these kinds of associations might be extremely similar in snails an Some artificial neural networks are [[adaptive system]]s and are used for example to [[population model|model populations]] and environments, which c ...

...pears. Here I find that on the one hand in its natural form it is a thing for use, alias a use-value; on the other hand, a bearer of exchange-value, and ...t capital. Tradeable wares, money and capital are historical preconditions for the emergence of the [[factory system]]. With the aid of [[wage labour]], m ...