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*{{annotated link|List of paradoxes}} [[Category:Statistical mechanics]] ...

{{Short description|Statistical paradox}} [[Category:Statistical paradoxes]] ...

...e=if we use conditions that tend to exaggerate the likelihood of observing paradoxes and find that the probability is small with such calculations, the paradox [[Category:Statistical models]] ...

| journal = Journal of the Royal Statistical Society ...title = The measurement of voting power theory and practice, problems and paradoxes ...

[[Category:Statistical paradoxes]] [[Category:Paradoxes in utility theory]] ...

...t, the laws of physics will ensure that events unfold in a way that avoids paradoxes. This means that while a time traveler can influence past events, those inf ...be the probabilities of different outcomes in quantum systems, providing a statistical framework that can accommodate the constraints of CTCs. The second approach ...

...alue divided by the reference value itself.<ref>{{cite book|title=Puzzles, Paradoxes, and Problem Solving: An Introduction to Mathematical Thinking|first1=Maril ...um of the absolute differences of their coordinates.<ref>{{cite book|title=Statistical Pattern Recognition|first=Andrew R.|last=Webb|edition=2nd|publisher=John Wi ...

...> highly {{em|un}}likely. This is a version of what in logic is called a [[Paradoxes of material implication|paradox of material implication]].</ref> ...eory |series=Foundations of Probability Theory, Statistical Inference, and Statistical Theories of Science, Volume I |publisher=D. Reidel |pages=261–308 |isbn=978 ...

...analysis, Feld goes on to make some more qualitative assumptions about the statistical correlation between the number of friends that two friends have, based on t * {{annotated link|List of paradoxes#Mathematics}} ...

...://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1979.10482518 |journal=Journal of the American Statistical Association |volume=74 |issue=366a |pages=359–364 |doi=10.1080/01621459.197 ...blem, every method of rounding suffers one or more [[Apportionment paradox|paradoxes]], as proven by the [[Balinski–Young theorem]]. The mathematical theory of ...

...ormation groups''' is a methodology for assigning prior probabilities in [[statistical inference]] issues, initially proposed by physicist [[Edwin Thompson Jaynes ...m. However, in order to be absolutely sure to avoid incoherent results and paradoxes, the prior distribution should be approached via a well-defined and well-be ...

...hanics)| averages]] across a [[Statistical ensemble (mathematical physics)|statistical ensemble]] of parallel systems. It insists on a physical justification when ...to be well approximated by a [[Statistical ensemble (mathematical physics)|statistical ensemble]]; ...

...three particle device demonstrates the same concepts deterministically: no statistical analysis of multiple experiments is necessary. [[Category:Physical paradoxes]] ...

...8522422232">{{Cite journal |last=Merrill |first=Samuel |date=1985 |title=A statistical model for Condorcet efficiency based on simulation under spatial model assu ...9852242223">{{Cite journal |last=Merrill |first=Samuel |date=1985 |title=A statistical model for Condorcet efficiency based on simulation under spatial model assu ...

...related to [[conjoint analysis (marketing)|conjoint analysis]], which is a statistical-experiments methodology employed in [[marketing]] to estimate the parameter ...ibute. However, given that the term ''independence'' causes confusion with statistical concepts of independence, single cancellation is the preferable term. Figur ...

If every prisoner selects 50 drawers [[statistical independence|independently]] and [[Randomness|randomly]], the [[probability [[Category:Probability theory paradoxes]] ...

| title = Electoral Systems: Paradoxes, Assumptions, and Procedures ...|first2=T. Nicolaus |last3=Cosman |first3=Rafael |date=January 2016 |title=Statistical evaluation of voting rules |url=https://jamesgreenarmytage.com/strategy-uti ...

...|first2=T. Nicolaus |last3=Cosman |first3=Rafael |date=August 2015 |title=Statistical Evaluation of Voting Rules |journal=Social Choice and Welfare |volume=46 |p ...|issue=1 |pages=511–528 |year=2000 |title=Mathematical Structure of Voting Paradoxes: II. Positional Voting |doi=10.1007/s001990050002 |s2cid=195227181 |ssrn=19 ...

..., landslides, and other natural hazards, combining concepts and tools from statistical physics, statistics, tectonics, seismology and more. First located at the L ...damage increases.<ref>Sornette, D., Vanneste, C. and Knopoff, L., (1992) "Statistical model of earthquake foreshocks", Phys. Rev. A 45, 8351–8357 (1992)</ref> Th ...

...of abstraction, particularly in the context of Frege's Basic Law V and the paradoxes it generates.<ref>{{Citation |last=Tennant |first=Neil |title=Logicism and ..., often resulting from a particular tendency or inclination, especially in statistical or cognitive contexts.}} ...