Search results

...al option valuation#Multi-stage (Compound) Option|Datar–Mathews method for real option valuation]]. ...verage than do traditional options. There are four basic types of compound options:<ref>[http://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/compoundoption.asp Compound Optio ...

...bility theory and uses fuzzy numbers and possibility theory in framing the real option valuation problem. The Fuzzy pay-off method derives the real option value from a pay-off distribution that is created by using three or ...

...ption]] on a [[Portfolio_(finance)|portfolio of assets]] as a portfolio of options. It was developed by [[Farshid Jamshidian]] in 1989. ...notonic_function|monotone (increasing) functions]] <math>f_i</math> of one real variable (which map onto <math>[0,\infty)</math>), a [[random variable]] <m ...

...eveloped by [[Phelim Boyle]] in 1986. It is an extension of the [[binomial options pricing model]], and is conceptually similar. It can also be shown that the ...see: {{cite book | last = Hull | first = John C. | edition = 5th | title = Options, Futures and Other Derivatives | year = 2002 | publisher = [[Prentice Hall] ...

...ion]] Trust Fund balances and payments as the ratio of benefit payments in real terms for a given income level to be received the year after the Trust Fund :<math>FRA\,</math> is the real benefit received by someone reaching full retirement age at ''t'' or ''T''. ...

...hat{\sigma} > 0\!</math> (real), [[scale parameter]]<br/><math>\nu</math> (real), [[degrees of freedom]] ([[shape parameter|shape]]) parameter ...g the probability density function at some arbitrary large value.<ref name=options/><ref>{{cite journal|title=A Jump-Diffusion Model for Option Pricing|author ...

..., a [[Preference (economics)|preference ordering]] can be represented by a real-valued [[utility function]], such that option A is preferred to option B if ...s asked questions of the form "Do you prefer A or B?" (when A and B can be options, actions to take, states of the world, consumption bundles, etc.). If the a ...

...nt which follows an empowerment maximising policy, acts to maximise future options (typically up to some limited horizon). Empowerment can be used as a (pseud ...horizon extends, but approaches to improve efficiency have led to usage in real-time control.<ref name=karl2017 /> Empowerment has been used for intrinsica ...

...tions are only representations of a preference relation, and do not have a real numeric meaning. ...reement should also be weakly larger. In other words, a player with better options should get a weakly-better agreement. ...

...modelling and solving [[differential equation]]s numerically. This enables real-world systems to be simulated and tested with a computer.<ref>{{Cite web|ur Since the early 1961s computer systems have been able to simulate real-world dynamic situations, such as the interaction between people in a publi ...

...at can be taken by the Citizen are grouped into one of three options. Exit options are those in which the Citizen accepts the loss of the benefit and instead Loyalty options are ones where the Citizen chooses to put up with the new policy and not al ...

...e representation of a [[preference (economics)|preference ordering]] by a real-valued utility function. The theorems were proved by [[Gerard Debreu]] duri ...convenient to have a single ''utility function'' - a function that maps a real number to each option, such that the utility of option A is larger than tha ...

...ast4=Dorsman |first4=André B. |date=2018-09-02 |title=Are These Shocks for Real? Sensitivity Analysis of the Significance of the Wavelet Response to Some C ...S1057-5219(99)00019-8 |issn=1057-5219}}</ref> and other [[Option (finance)|options]], [[Derivative (finance)|derivatives]], and [[contingent claim]]s.<ref>{{C ...

...such calorimeters within a long, detailed program for an ECAL and several options of high granular analogue and digital calorimeters with sensitive layers of ...eam program involving exposure of combined prototype calorimeter system to real particle beams from different accelerators and subsequent data analysis. In ...

See: [[Valuation of options]]; [[Financial modeling#Quantitative finance|Financial modeling]]; [[Asset ...of processes, [[Brownian motion]], and its applications to the pricing of options.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Stochastic calculus for finance|last=E.|first=Shreve ...

...A. When a new alignment is being created, the user is presented with three options: create a new alignment, open a saved alignment session, or retrieve sequen After importing a dataset, MEGA provides multiple different data viewer options. For example, users can view statistical attributes and select subsets in t ...

...r to a similar PDE that can be derived for a variety of [[option (finance)|options]], or more generally, [[derivative (finance)|derivatives]]. ...the values taken by the stock at that moment (such as European call or put options). Then the price of the derivative satisfies ...

Then, given <math>c</math> and <math>\alpha</math> two positive real numbers, if <math>f \sim GG(a,d,p)</math>, then ...rdrr.io/cran/gamlss.dist/man/GG.html generalized gamma] (family=GG). Other options in R, implemented in the package ''flexsurv'', include the function ''dgeng ...

...the latest and most comprehensive carbon metric and takes into account: 1) real-world operating conditions, including the actual hour-by-hour carbon intens ...f>{{Cite journal|last=Craig|first=Timothy|date=April 14, 2020|title=Latest Options for Replacing HFC-134a Refrigerant in MACs|url=https://saemobilus.sae.org/c ...

...vertices (see Figure 2 in blue). For some surfaces several non-equivalent options are possible (see Figure 3). (Note that real algebraic varieties aren't always pseudomanifolds, since their singularitie ...