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...lector may reach an equilibrium or [[stagnation temperature]] higher than the maximum [[safe operating temperature]]. Various measures are taken for '''o ...the solar collector cannot adequately dispatch the absorbed solar heat to the heat transfer fluid. ...

...joints in almost all thermoplastics make it widely used in mass production and for large structures, like large-diameter plastic pipes. Different inspecti ...first2=Avraham | editor-last3=Park | editor-first3=Joon B.| title=Plastics and Composites Welding Handbook | chapter=Heated Tool (Hot Plate) Welding | pag ...

...rope which has been degraded by weathering to fresh rope. Note the fraying and discolouration.]] ...Photodegradation has made it brittle, causing part of it to break off when the bucket was moved.]] ...

...t3=Achten |first3=Wouter M. J. |date=2020-03-10 |title=Input-output models and waste management analysis: A critical review |url=https://www.sciencedirect ...e during treatment into secondary waste and residues, as well as recycling and final disposal processes.<ref name ="nk02" /> ...

...ence associated with [[pressure-sensitive adhesive]]s (PSA). [[PSA tape]]s and [[label]]s have become an important part of everyday life. These rely on ad ...substrates when light pressure is applied, including paper, wood, metals, and ceramics. ...

...hrombosis|thrombogenicity]], susceptibility to [[corrosion]], degradation, and [[hydrophile|hydrophilicity]]. ...riction in biomaterial applications such as in arterial grafts, catheters, and guide wire coatings. ...

...tism|paramagnetic]].<ref name=":2" /> Most metals, including gold, silver and aluminum, are nonmagnetic. ...ue to the magnets, magnetic particles are being drifted by the movement of the drums. This can create a magnetic concentrate (e.g. an [[ore]] concentrate) ...

...eration for desalination. The process was first developed by scientists at the University of Applied Sciences in Switzerland, focusing on low-temperature ...ization systems, no phase change happens on solid surfaces such as [[shell and tube heat exchanger]]s. ...

...cope image of fatigue striations produced from constant amplitude loading. The crack is growing from left to right.]] ...orm a single striation, it is now generally thought that each striation is the result of a single loading cycle.<ref name="mcevily">{{cite journal |first1 ...

...on of [[Greenhouse gas emissions|greenhouse emissions]] (in alignment with the [[Sustainable Development Goals|United Nations Sustainable Development Goal ...alytic Conversion of Waste Plastics into C 2 Fuels under Simulated Natural Environment Conditions |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.201915766 ...

...structive [[tissue engineering]] as scaffolding, as well as use in passive and preventive applications. ...different [[polymerization]] methods may be utilized for the synthesis of the polymer chains that make up hydrogels. Their properties depend on how these ...

[[File:Refinery.jpg|thumb|Oil and Natural Gas Refinery in Turkey]] ...rage tank. Vessels that are used to intentionally “flash” a mixture of gas and saturated liquids are aptly named "flash drums." A type of [[Vapor–liquid s ...

...us|first1=Daniela|last2=Tolley|first2=Michael T.|title=Design, fabrication and control of soft robots|journal=Nature|date=27 May 2015|volume=521|issue=755 ...us|first1=Daniela|last2=Tolley|first2=Michael T.|title=Design, fabrication and control of soft robots|journal=Nature|date=27 May 2015|volume=521|issue=755 ...

...all scanned beam type of instruments that allow a minimum gas pressure for the detector to operate. ...n Physics, Academic Press, Vol. 78:1–102.</ref> from which the majority of the material presented below has been used. ...

{{short description|Plan to transform the EU into a climate-neutral economy by 2050}} [[File:CO2_emissions_EU.svg|thumb|Development of CO₂ emissions in the European Union.]] ...

...brary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1941.tb14858.x |journal=Journal of the American Ceramic Society |language=en |volume=24 |issue=8 |pages=256–261 |d ...d and relatively brittle "glassy" state into a viscous or rubbery state as the temperature is increased.<ref name=iso11357-2> ...

...insert an orientation first paragraph saying what "radiocarbon dating" is and then what "carbon exchange reservoir" means.|date=February 2025}} ...1940s, the technique has been widely used in [[archaeology]], [[geology]], and [[environmental science]] to date materials up to 50,000 years old. ...

[[File:REE deposits.jpg|thumb|300x300px|An overview of one of the regolith-hosted rare earth element deposits (a type of Rare Earth Element m ...|first4=Christophe|date=1993|title=Mobilization and redistribution of REEs and thorium in a syenitic lateritic profile: A mass balance study|journal=Geoch ...

{{short description|Controversy centering on concerns about the biomedical significance of bisphenol A (BPA)}} ...t needed|medicine|reason=Unfocussed, far too long, few firm conclutions in the lead|date=January 2022}} ...

...hich makes them useful catalysts for [[redox]] reactions, isotope exchange and specialized surfaces. == Surface structure and stability == ...