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...cription|Method to determine the temperature of central stars of planetary nebulae}} ...' is a method to determine the temperature of central stars of [[planetary nebulae]]. It was developed by [[Herman Zanstra]] in 1927. ...

...ordon Henize]], where it was described as an emission nebula rather than a planetary nebula.<ref name="henize" /> ...ished in 1978 proposed that the formations of Henize 70 and other emission nebulae could be due to stellar winds.<ref name="meaburn" /> Later in 1981, a scien ...

...journal |title=Nebular Spectroscopy: A Guide on H ii Regions and Planetary Nebulae |url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1538-3873/aa72c3/pdf |doi=1 ...

...n = LL Pegasi is continuously losing gaseous material as it evolves into a planetary nebula.<ref name="ALMAImage"/> Pre-planetary nebula, IRAS 23166+1655.jpg|[[Hubble Space Telescope]] image of IRAS 23166+ ...

...from hot bodies. Longmans, Green and Company, 1921.</ref> and describes [[planetary nebula]]. ...G.W. Walker<ref>Walker, George W. "Some problems illustrating the forms of nebulae." Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers o ...

...9122 displays [[radial velocity]] variations suggesting the presence of a planetary companion, though stellar activity cannot be completely ruled out.<ref name ...">{{cite journal | last=Dreyer | first=J. L. E. | title=Index Catalogue of Nebulae found in the years 1888 to 1894, with Notes and Corrections to the New Gene ...

For orbiting bodies in extrasolar [[planetary system]]s, an inclination of 0° or 180° corresponds to a face-on orbit (whi ...e |year=2001 |title=Preliminary Astrometric Masses for Proposed Extrasolar Planetary Companions |journal=The Astrophysical Journal Letters |volume=548 |issue=1 ...

...2=Bruce J.|title=Spectroscopic Study of HD 179821 (IRAS 19114+0002): Proto–Planetary Nebula or Supergiant?|journal=The Astronomical Journal|date=April 1999|volu ...rgiant-like stars with infrared excesses as candidates for proto-planetary nebulae|journal=Astrophysical Journal|volume=346|pages=265|last1=Hrivnak|first1=Bru ...

...ects using this technique, including [[globular clusters]] and [[planetary nebulae]]. Some of those objects were not visible at all on blue light (250–500&nbs ...th its companion spiral galaxy [[Maffei 2]], while searching for [[diffuse nebulae]] and [[T Tauri star]]s.<ref name=Fingerhut2003/> The object had an apparen ...

...anloz|editor-first=R.|editor-last=Jeanloz|title=Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences|volume=41|pages=207–229|location=Palo Alto|publisher=Annual Review ...atmosphere on [[Titan (moon)|Titan]] and the gas clouds that are within [[nebulae]] and the confines of dying stars.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Chen|first1=W.| ...

...formation has taken place, and around [[white dwarf]]s, they indicate that planetary material survived the whole of stellar evolution. Such a disc can manifest ...begin, resulting in the appearance of planetary embryos. The formation of planetary systems is thought to be a natural result of star formation. A sun-like sta ...

...le:Noun project 528.svg|16px|alt=Geology and planetary science|Geology and planetary science]] | [[Geology]] and [[planetary science]] ...

...|last=Zwicky |first=F. |title=On the masses of nebulae and of clusters of nebulae |date=1937 |journal=[[The Astrophysical Journal]] |volume=86 |page=217 |bib ...in the Solar System, and even in proximity to the Solar System and other [[planetary system]]s, MOND successfully explains observed stellar and gas rotation vel ...

...gin]] & [[Michael E. Brown|Brown]] suggested that Planet Nine may be the [[Planetary core|core]] of a [[giant planet]] that was ejected from its original orbit {{See also|Nice model|Five-planet Nice model|Planetary migration}} ...

...occurring in [[outer space]]. Dust astronomy overlaps with the fields of [[Planetary science]], [[Cosmochemistry]], and [[Astrobiology]]. Other meteorites have been modified by either melting or [[planetary differentiation]] of the [[parent body]]. Analyzing the composition of mete ...

...bcode=1956AJ.....61...97H |title=Redshifts and magnitudes of extragalactic nebulae |journal=Astronomical Journal |volume=61 |page=97 |last1=Humason |first1=M. ...|first1=M. L. |title=The Apparent Radial Velocities of 100 Extra-Galactic Nebulae |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |date=January 1936 |volume=83 |page=10 | ...

...systems; [[space vehicle]]s, [[space station]]s, habitats and lunar and [[planetary surface construction]] bases; and Earth-based control, experiment, launch, ...ressure|pressure]] allowing for [[liquid water]] to exist on the Earth's [[planetary surface|surface]], absorbing [[ultraviolet]] [[solar radiation]], warming t ...

! Uncertain status (inconsistency in age or mass of planetary system) ...st15=Jacques |date=2016-08-01 |title=NOMINAL VALUES FOR SELECTED SOLAR AND PLANETARY QUANTITIES: IAU 2015 RESOLUTION B3 * † |journal=The Astronomical Journal |v ...

...rometry with Hubble Space Telescope: A Parallax of the Central Star of the Planetary Nebula NGC 6853 |journal=The Astronomical Journal |volume=126 |issue=5 |pag ...butions of Young and Field Age Objects with Masses Spanning the Stellar to Planetary Regime|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=810|issue=2|pages=158|year= ...