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...}}</ref><ref name="Foo2001">Foo, N. (2001). Conceptual Spaces—The Geometry of Thought. ''AI Magazine, 22''(1), 139–140. Retrieved from [https://web.archi ..., S.; (1997). A Cognitive Architecture for Artificial Vision. ''Artificial Intelligence, 89''(1), 73–111. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0004-3702(96)00039-2</ref> ...

...s Institute of Technology]] {{small|([[Master of Science|MS]], [[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]])}} ...probability theory]] in [[artificial intelligence]] and in the development of the field [[Bayesian network]]s.<ref name="dawn3">{{cite journal|last1=Holm ...

{{Short description|Measure of fairness in machine learning models}} ...cedure accuracy equality''' and '''disparate mistreatment''', is a measure of [[Fairness (machine learning)|fairness in machine learning]]. A classifier ...

...ligence that perform reconfiguration by obeying specific rules. An example of this approach is the [[AN/UYK-43]] computer. ...n systems so that a single in-flight equipment failure will not cause loss of life. ...

{{Jain philosophy}} ...-indian-languages/first-steps-to-jainism-part-2/the-indian-jaina-dialectic-of-syadvad-part-2/|website=Jain World|accessdate=28 November 2016}} (Dialectic ...

...s New Mind]]'' (1989), where he used it to provide the basis of his theory of consciousness: [[orchestrated objective reduction]]. ...truth"). However, Gödel's statement is actually true in the standard model of natural numbers. See {{cite book |author=Mendelson, Elliot |title=Introduct ...

...my dates|date=May 2024}}{{Short description|Painting created by artificial intelligence}} | coordinates = <!-- Only use for the coordinates (when known) of the artwork itself, i.e. not for the site, building, structure, etc where i ...

{{short description|Characteristic of some logical systems}} ...he property can be [[formal proof|derived]] using that system, i.e. is one of its [[theorem]]s; otherwise the system is said to be '''incomplete'''. ...

...48-6 |pages=80–81 |language=en}}</ref> It is the most widely known example of duality in logic.<ref name=":0" /> The duality consists in these [[metalogi ...nction]] can be defined in terms of each other, and consequently, only one of them needs to be taken as primitive.<ref name=":13" /><ref name=":0" /> ...

...) is a [[benchmark (computing)|benchmark]] for evaluating the capabilities of [[large language models]]. ...capabilities of large language models, with over 100 million downloads as of July 2024.<ref name=nyt/><ref name=huggingface/> ...

{{Short description|Supervised learning of a similarity function}} ...goal is to learn a [[similarity function]] that measures how [[Similarity (philosophy)|similar]] or related two objects are. It has applications in [[ranking]], ...

...]] common in [[risk assessments]], [[engineering design]] and [[artificial intelligence]]. These inequalities can be considered rules about how to bound calculati *Probability of a [[logical conjunction]] (<math>\land</math>) <math display="block">\max\l ...

...It also corresponds to [[John Rawls]]' principle of maximizing the welfare of the worst-off individual.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Sen|first=Amartya| ...ple, in a [[single-winner election]], <math>X</math> may represent the set of candidates; in a [[resource allocation]] setting, <math>X</math> may repres ...

{{Short description|Seminal 1943 paper proposing artificial neural networks}} ...the nervous system as a network of simple logical elements, later known as artificial neurons, or [[McCulloch Pitts neurons|McCulloch-Pitts neurons]]. These neur ...

{{short description|Determining the probability of future events based on past events}} ...ical basis for [[learning]] and the perception of patterns. It is a source of [[knowledge]] about the world. ...

...information into natural language, '''REG''' focuses only on the creation of [[referring expression]]s (noun phrases) that identify specific entities ca ...lit into two sections. The ''content selection'' part determines which set of properties distinguish the intended target and the ''linguistic realization ...

...Niger]]ian man receives the [[smallpox vaccine]] in February 1969, as part of a global program that [[Smallpox#Eradication|successfully eradicated the di ...owing]], with the initial lack of commercial success even lending a cachet of subcultural [[Cool (aesthetic)|coolness]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Hunter|firs ...

...on epistemic events. We only present in this entry some of the basic ideas of the original DEL framework; more details about DEL in general can be found ...earch areas, such as [[computer science]] ([[artificial intelligence]]), [[philosophy]] ([[formal epistemology]]), [[economics]] ([[game theory]]) and [[cognitiv ...

...ameworks of fundamental physics, which he argues can explain the causation of gravity, quantum mechanics, and reality. ...for Unifying Causation, Relativity and Quantum Mechanics |journal=Journal of Physics: Conference Series |volume=2701 |issue=1 |year=2024 |pages=012051 | ...

'''Reasoning language models''' are [[artificial intelligence]] systems that combine [[natural language processing]] with structured reas A language model is a generative model of a training dataset of texts. Prompting means constructing a text prompt, such that, conditional o ...