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...Logic]], [[Philosophy of logic]], [[Philosophy of language]], [[Philosophy of mathematics]], [[Metaphysics]], [[Analytic Philosophy|Early Analytic Philos |work_institutions = [[University of California, Irvine]] ...

...Toronto]] <small>([[Bachelor of Science|B.Sc.]])</small><br />[[University of California, Berkeley]] <small>([[Ph.D.]])</small> ...], [[philosophy of language]], [[philosophy of mathematics]], [[philosophy of mind]] ...

{{short description|System of laws of thought}} {{About|the Hegelian and Marxist method|the formalisation of dialectic in logic|Logic and dialectic}} ...

...thical Connotations |date=1992 |work=Rational Interaction: Essays in Honor of John C. Harsanyi |pages=305–319 |editor-last=Selten |editor-first=Reinhard ...orem states that any [[social choice function]] is given by a weighted sum of individual [[utility function]]s, so long as the social choice function sat ...

...the [[University of Salzburg]]. He has written extensively on the subject of [[free logic]], a term which he coined.<ref>{{Cite journal | title = The Definition of E! in Free Logic ...

{{Short description|Science book series written by scientists and published by Princeton University Pre ...ton Science Library |url=https://press.princeton.edu/collections/princeton-science-library |website=press.princeton.edu |language=en}}</ref> ...

{{Short description|School of thought within decision theory}} ...sion theory]] (EDT), which recommends the action which would be indicative of the best outcome if one received the "news" that it had been taken.<ref nam ...

...ross section of Norton's dome, where ''h'' and ''x'' are measured in units of <math> 2g^2/(3b^4)</math>.]] ...em? The view from Norton's dome|journal=European Journal for Philosophy of Science|volume=2|issue=3|pages=275–297|doi=10.1007/s13194-011-0040-8|citeseerx=10.1 ...

...he Lvóv-Warsaw School], by [[Jan Woleński]] in the [[Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy]]</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Acad ...foreign to the character of logical inquiry that a thorough re-examination of the two inferences (existential generalization and universal instantiation) ...

{{Distinguish|text=[[Principia Mathematica]]—a book of Russell and Whitehead published in 1910–1913}} | name = The Principles of Mathematics ...

{{Short description|Concept in the science of signs}} ...ology''') is a concept in the field of [[semiotics]], which is the science of signs. ...

{{short description|Subfield of econophysics which applies quantum theory to finance}} ...anch of [[econophysics]]. Quantum computing is now being used for a number of financial applications, including fraud detection, stock price prediction, ...

...epeated head-to-head matchups, voters will (on average) prefer the results of a maximal lottery to the results produced by any other [[voting rule]]. ...ttp://dss.in.tum.de/files/brandt-research/welfare.pdf Arrovian Aggregation of Convex Preferences]. Econometrica. 88(2), pages 799-844, 2020.</ref> ...

...philosopher of science [[Mark Colyvan]] that argues for an inertial model of [[population dynamics]]. ...pplementary adjustments can always be made to prevent a complete rejection of the law.<ref name=":1" /> ...

| workplaces = [[Queen Mary, University of London]] | alma_mater = [[University of Cambridge]]<br>[[Harvard University]] ...

...first to counter-intuitive choices, and then to incoherence as the utility of every choice becomes unbounded. ...many objections to the Pascal's Wager dilemma that are based on the nature of infinity.{{Sfn|Bostrom|2009}} ...

...iversity of Warsaw]]<br />[[Polish Academy of Sciences]]<br />[[University of Amsterdam]] | alma_mater = [[Jagiellonian University]]<br />[[University of Warsaw]] ...

...[[wikt:doxastic|doxastic]] attitude. For example, a perceptual experience of a tree may serve as evidence to justify the belief that there is a tree. In ...[[theory-ladenness]] are two obstacles that threaten to undermine the role of scientific evidence. ...

{{Short description|Argument for the existence of God}} ...d ''[[A priori and a posteriori|a priori]]'' in regard to the organization of the universe, whereby, if such organizational structure is true, [[God]] mu ...

...on epistemic events. We only present in this entry some of the basic ideas of the original DEL framework; more details about DEL in general can be found ...]), [[economics]] ([[game theory]]) and [[cognitive science]]. In computer science, DEL is for example very much related to [[multi-agent systems]], which are ...