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...16|pmc=4586488|title=Full-color structured illumination optical sectioning microscopy|journal=Scientific Reports|volume=5|pages=14513|year=2015|last1=Qian|first1 ...icroscopy]] techniques are specifically designed to improve the quality of optical sectioning. ...

...ong directional characteristics by means of a point source and an [[optics|optical system]] ([[Condenser (optics)|condenser]]); in this case, each point of th On the other hand, in a diffused [[Bright-field microscopy|bright-field]] setup (see [[Callier Effect#Figure 2|Fig. 2]]) the illuminat ...

...ishing.org/optica/abstract.cfm?uri=optica-3-5-517 "Compressive light-field microscopy for 3D neural activity recording"]</ref> Phase space measurement with forwa ...ticle/abs/pii/0030401878900809"The Wigner distribution function applied to optical signals and systems"]</ref> As light propagates or scatters it will change ...

...iate if the film being deposited is part of a [[Thin-film optics|thin film optical device]]. ...polarisation interferometry]] and [[electron microscope|scanning electron microscopy]] of cross-sections of the sample. Many thickness monitors and controllers ...

...e first surface-analysis instruments that could approach near-[[atom]]ic [[Optical resolution|resolution]]. ...erate magnified real-space images of the surface of a tip apex. Typically, microscopy information pertains to the surface [[crystallography]] (i.e., how the atom ...

===Optical microscopy-based techniques=== ...echniques, and obtaining digital cross-sectional photomicrographs using an optical microscope and magnifications between 100 and 2500.<ref name=cann>Michael T ...

...013>{{cite journal |author1=L.V. Wang |author2=J. Yao |title=Photoacoustic Microscopy |journal=Laser Photonics Rev.|volume=7|issue=5|page=10|year=2013|doi=10.100 The goal of photoacoustic microscopy is to find the local pressure rise <math>p_0</math>, which can be used to c ...

...fields of interest include [[X-ray laser]]s, and [[X-ray microscope|X-ray microscopy]], particularly the generation of ultrashort laser pulses which are applied ...need for developing laser pulses of shorter wavelengths and inventing new techniques for producing high-intensity laser pulses. ...

...tural and functional deep brain imaging using adaptive optics three-photon microscopy |journal=Nature Methods |language=en |volume=18 |issue=10 |pages=1253–1258 ...ty of applying three-photon excitation microscopy to scanning fluorescence microscopy, paving the way for later applications of 3PEF. ...

To be simple, consider a clear medium firstly. The medium contains small optical absorbers moving with velocity vector <math>\vec{v}</math>. The absorbers ...approximation, the frequency shift is not affected by the direction of the optical radiation. It is only affected by the magnitude of velocity and the angle b ...

...erference reflection microscopy (IRM)|Principle of interference reflection microscopy (IRM) showing interference effect on reflected waves and the result on the ...a (fluorescent) label as is the case for [[Total internal reflection|TIRF microscopy]]. ...

...A polymerase and the gold bead (the tether length)is increased. Using an [[optical microscope]] the area that the bead moves in was detected. The transcriptio ...data analysis and combination with other single-molecule techniques (e.g. optical or magnetical tweezers). ...

..."A denaturation map of the lamda phage DNA molecule determined by electron microscopy". Journal of Molecular Biology 18: pp. 464-476.</ref> Even though modern [[ ...ons of denaturation based on this information. And requirement of electron microscopy made this method more strenuous to perform. ...

...k, 1991).</ref><ref>V. J. Morris, A. R. Kirby, A. P. Gunning, Atomic Force Microscopy for Biologists(Imperial College Press, 1999).</ref> which is a very high-re ...rface. Hence, the atoms experience a bounded motion in the presence of the optical potential and the gravitational potential together. The dynamics of an ato ...

{{Short description|Structured-illumination light sheet microscopy}} ...animal development with scanned light sheet–based structured-illumination microscopy |journal=Nature Methods |date=August 2010 |volume=7 |issue=8 |pages=637–642 ...

...old compared to [[Multiphoton fluorescence microscopy|multiphoton scanning microscopy]].<ref name=":0" /> Wide-field multiphoton microscopes are not yet commerci ...mage, which at first might not seem an advantage over multiphoton scanning microscopy. The advantage however becomes evident when the size of the image and the s ...

...cattering information obtained by optical microscopy: Differential Dynamic Microscopy and beyond | doi = 10.1103/PhysRevE.80.031403 | pmid = 19905112 | journal = ...ght field microscopy|bright field]], [[phase contrast]], [[Polarized light microscopy|polarized]] microscopes. ...

'''Super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging''' ('''SOFI''') is a post-processing method for the cal ...n localization microscopy (fPALM)|STORM]] or [[Photoactivated localization microscopy|PALM]] that rely on single-molecule localization and hence only allow one a ...

...kunov|first4=Maxim|last5=Friend|first5=Richard H.|date=12 March 2001|title=Optical spectroscopy of field-induced charge in self-organized high mobility poly(3 ...cal transmission variation. In other words, it reveals the new features in optical transmission introduced by charges. In this setup, there are mainly four co ...

...lative non-degenerate two-photon absorption cross-section for fluorescence microscopy| journal=Optics Express| volume=27|issue=6|pages=8335–8347 |year=2019|last1 ...022|title= Efficient non-degenerate two-photon excitation for fluorescence microscopy| journal=Optics Express| volume=27|issue=20|pages= 28022–28035|year= 2019|l ...