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{{Short description|Motion of water in the oceans}} ...ics''' define and describe the [[flow (physics)|flow]] of water within the oceans. Ocean temperature and motion fields can be separated into three distinct ...

...5%–20%. By contrast, the difference in the ice particle size over land and oceans is much smaller (only 5%).<ref name = "2013stubenrauch"> ...

[[File:How oceans become euxinic.png|thumb|348x348px|Diagram of the mechanisms hypothesized t ...limate_model#Box_models|box model]] to explain how intermediate oceans, or oceans that are only partially oxidized, would have formed.<ref name="Canfield 199 ...

*Oceans are roughly triangular. ...e continental masses triangular southward with three intervening depressed oceans triangular northward, its northern ocean and southern continent, with land ...

...eir use in physical oceanography |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |year=2021 |volume=123 |issue=2 |pages=7351–7365|doi=10.1029/2019JC015936 | ...mmission (IOC), International Association for the Physical Sciences of the Oceans (IAPSO) and the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR). They use t ...

...R., Trevor J. McDougall, 1997: A Neutral Density Variable for the World's Oceans. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 27, 237–263</ref> ...R., Trevor J. McDougall, 1997: A Neutral Density Variable for the World's Oceans. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 27, page 239</ref> Neutral density surfaces stay withi ...

|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans|language=en|volume=108|issue=C7|doi=10.1029/2001JC001173|doi-access=free}}< ...ple causes for density variations. These include convection in the Earth's oceans (as mentioned above), in [[magma chamber]]s,<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1146 ...

===Oceans=== Because the scale of large flows in the oceans is much larger than the depth of the ocean, the shallow water approximation ...

...[[salinity]] will thus reduce the [[solubility]] of carbon dioxide in the oceans. Since there is thought to have been a 120&nbsp;m depression in [[sea level ...y density contrasts due to thermal differences, whereas during the LGM the oceans were more than twice as sensitive to differences in salinity rather than te ...

...relative movements and mass redistribution of Earth's core, mantle, crust, oceans, atmosphere, and [[cryosphere]]. In order to keep the [[Conservation of ang ...e to conserve angular momentum. Any net global transfer of water mass from oceans to the atmosphere or the opposite implies a change in the speed of rotation ...

...rimarily in the Atlantic Ocean. ''Bacillus submarinus'' is able to live in oceans at a depth of more than 5000 m, withstanding extreme [[hydrostatic pressure ...

...or use on double-served strength member electromechanical marine cable.” ''Oceans'' '''17''', 1001, 1985.</ref> When under tension, the diameter of a steel- ...

...mportant to know the probability of these wave characteristics in seas and oceans at a given place and time. This knowledge is crucial for the prediction of ....com/doi/abs/10.1029/2009JC005416|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans|language=en|volume=114|issue=C11|doi=10.1029/2009JC005416|bibcode=2009JGRC. ...

...ed a potential vorticity argument to connect the net, interior flow of the oceans to the surface wind stress and the incited planetary vorticity perturbation ...boundary currents and climate change", ''Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans'', 121, 7212–7214. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012156</ref><ref>Seidel, D ...

...rg/wiki/The_Origin_of_Continents_and_Oceans ''The Origin of Continents and Oceans''], Translated from the Third German Edition by John George Anthony Skerl, ...

...Raffaele|title=Vertical Mixing, Energy, and the General Circulation of the Oceans |date=January 2004|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.36.050802.12 ...2007-09-01|title=The geography of linear baroclinic instability in Earth's oceans |journal=Journal of Marine Research|volume=65|issue=5|pages=655–683|doi=10. ...

...]], the strength of the global [[thermohaline circulation]] in the world's oceans, and in providing surface boundary conditions for [[atmospheric circulation ...ameterization for grounded ridges|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans|language=en|volume=121|issue=10|pages=7354–7368|doi=10.1002/2016JC012006|bi ...

...ong the Pacific western boundary |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |date=May 15, 1996 |volume=101 |issue=C5 |pages=12315–12330 |doi=10.1029/95 ...anao Current/Undercurrent System |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |date=January 25, 2018 |volume=123 |issue=2 |pages=1105–1122 |doi=10.1002/2 ...

...Imagery is a derivative of NASA’s Blue Marble summer month composite with oceans lightened to enhance legibility and contrast. Image created with the Geocar ...

Stratification occurs in several kinds of water bodies, such as [[oceans]], [[lakes]], [[estuaries]], flooded caves, aquifers and some rivers. === Oceans === ...