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...on magnetic systems <ref>{{Cite journal|title = Towards a 3D magnetometry by neutron reflectometry|last = Fermon|first = C|date = 1999|journal = Physica ...position.<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Probing magnetic domain wall profiles by neutron spin precession|last = Thibaudeau|first = Pascal|journal = Europhys ...

...=2013-10-01 |title=Small power: Autonomous nano- and micromotors propelled by self-generated gradients |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article ...d by external stimuli like UV light<ref name=":1" /> which can be absorbed by semi-conductor materials like titanium dioxide to excite electrons for the ...

...piers Memorial Lecture : Role of perimeter interfaces in catalysis by gold nanoparticles|journal=Faraday Discussions|volume=152|pages=11–32; discussion 99–120|doi=1 ...mizing the catalytic activity, with hemispherical, few atomic layers thick nanoparticles generally exhibiting the most desirable catalytic properties due to maximiz ...

...Self-assembly of iron oxide nanocrystals2.jpg|upright=1.2|thumb|Iron oxide nanoparticles can be dispersed in an organic solvent ([[toluene]]). Upon its evaporation, ...v|first=Nicholas A.|date=14 December 2017|title=Self-assembly of inorganic nanoparticles: Ab ovo|journal=Europhysics Letters|volume=119|issue=6|pages=66008|doi=10.1 ...

...oday the most widely used [[wet chemistry]] synthetic approach to silica [[nanoparticles]].<ref name = WideUse /> It is an example of a [[sol-gel process]] wherein ...y]] to produce empty pores, increasing the surface area and altering the [[morphology (materials science)|surface characteristics]] of the resulting particles, a ...

...can also be used in environmental applications to clean up [[ecosystem]]s by performing tasks like [[Water purification|purifying]] water or metal depos Nanosponges were first referred to as “[[cyclodextrin]] nanosponges” by DeQuan Li and Min Ma in 1998.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Cyclodextrin polymer se ...

{{Short description|Type of high temperature plasma generated by electromagnetic induction}} ...lasma, is a type of high temperature [[Plasma (physics)|plasma]] generated by [[electromagnetic induction]], usually coupled with [[Argon|argon gas]]. Th ...

...ystal twinning|crystals with twins]].as well as in other areas such as how nanoparticles play a role in the commercial production of chemicals using [[Heterogeneous ...e reactions a large metal surface area is desirable, but for stability the nanoparticles need to be supported on a substrate. The problem of the shape on a flat sub ...

...rode and the tissue. At electrode sites, the total impedance is controlled by the double-layer [[capacitance]].<ref name=Joe1>{{cite journal | title = Pr ...discharge, can raise electrochemical issues. Electrodes will be surrounded by tissue and [[electrolytes]]; stimulation, resultant electric fields, and in ...

{{Short description|Surface coated by antimicrobials to inhibit microbial growth}} An '''antimicrobial surface''' is coated by an [[antimicrobial agent]] that inhibits the ability of [[microorganism]]s ...

...|first6=Young-Uk |date=2013 |title=Rational syntheses of core-shell Fex@Pt nanoparticles for the study of electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction |journal=Scient ...tals grown via [[electrochemical]] processes and in nanoparticles produced by the condensation of metals either onto substrates or in inert gases. They h ...

...at atmospheric pressure. Large quantities of nanotubes can be synthesized by these methods; advances in [[catalysis]] and continuous growth are making C ...the first [[macroscopic]] production of carbon nanotubes was made in 1992 by two researchers at [[NEC]]'s Fundamental Research Laboratory.<ref>{{Cite jo ...

...en designed to collectively move through direct inspiration from nature or by harnessing its existing tools. Small mesoscopic to nanoscopic systems typic ...that are capable of undergoing controlled and uncontrolled swarming motion by harvesting energy (e.g., light, thermal, etc.). ...

...s. The self-cleaning functionality of these surfaces are commonly inspired by natural phenomena observed in [[lotus effect|lotus]] leaves, [[gecko]] feet ...photocatalysis of any fouling matter on the glass. This stage is followed by the glass becoming superhydrophilic and allowing water to wash away the cat ...

...sorption and charge transport to produce [[electricity]] from [[sunlight]] by the [[photovoltaic effect]]. Most organic photovoltaic cells are '''polymer [[File:4inchcell.jpg|thumb|Fig. 2. Organic Photovoltaic manufactured by the company Solarmer.]] ...

...r blue light.  Their colors are tunable across the entire visible spectrum by changing the halide from chloride (UV/blue) to bromide (green) and iodide ( ...rmore, band structure [[Density functional theory|calculations]] performed by various groups have demonstrated that these are direct band gap materials a ...

...m of sunlight that can be converted via [[photovoltaic]]s into electricity by the [[solar cell]]. ...e creating [[Electron-hole pair|electron hole pairs]], which are collected by both the electrodes. The absorption and collection efficiencies of a solar ...

...s source, which is available under a [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License].</ref> ...that should be discussed briefly. First, an essential concept, popularized by [[Osborne Reynolds]], is that the relative importance of [[inertia]] and [[ ...

...rst6=Ziyang |title=Short-Term Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells Affected by In Situ Interface Modification |journal=Solar RRL |date=2019 |volume=3 |iss ...oefficients, which further increase the power efficiency of the solar cell by increasing the range of photon energies that are absorbed.<ref name=":15">{ ...