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...Toronto]] <small>([[Bachelor of Science|B.Sc.]])</small><br />[[University of California, Berkeley]] <small>([[Ph.D.]])</small> ...[[philosophy of language]], [[philosophy of mathematics]], [[philosophy of mind]] ...

...n Intellectual Biography|last=Brobjer|first=Thomas H.|publisher=University Of Illinois Press|year=2008|isbn=9780252032455|pages=149}}</ref> ...88|location=Münchenpages=12}}</ref> Mainländer aims to free the philosophy of Schopenhauer from its metaphysical tendencies.<ref name=Mainlander/>{{rp|60 ...

{{Short description|Probabilistic theory of knowledge}} ...se norms can be divided into static constraints, governing the rationality of beliefs at any moment, and dynamic constraints, governing how rational agen ...

...s New Mind]]'' (1989), where he used it to provide the basis of his theory of consciousness: [[orchestrated objective reduction]]. ...truth"). However, Gödel's statement is actually true in the standard model of natural numbers. See {{cite book |author=Mendelson, Elliot |title=Introduct ...

{{Short description|Argument in philosophy of mathematics}} ...ics)|mathematical structuralism]].<ref>Stewart Shapiro (1997) ''Philosophy of Mathematics: Structure and Ontology'' New York: Oxford University Press, p. ...

...om the Greek μέγας, meaning "great", being a unit prefix denoting a factor of one million).<ref name=Darling/><ref>{{Cite book |last=Dugopolski |first=Ma A [[regular polygon|regular]] megagon has an interior angle of 179°59'58.704" or ...

...[[wikt:doxastic|doxastic]] attitude. For example, a perceptual experience of a tree may serve as evidence to justify the belief that there is a tree. In ...[[theory-ladenness]] are two obstacles that threaten to undermine the role of scientific evidence. ...

{{short description|Study of the scope and nature of logic}} ...to the philosophy of logic as the discipline investigating the properties of formal logical systems, like [[consistency]] and [[Completeness (logic)|com ...

{{Short description|Argument for the existence of God}} ...d ''[[A priori and a posteriori|a priori]]'' in regard to the organization of the universe, whereby, if such organizational structure is true, [[God]] mu ...

{{short description|Translation of a text into a logical system}} ...of how to translate an English sentence into first-order logic|Translation of an English sentence to first-order logic]] ...

...ed Z. Buchwald|author2=Robert Fox|title=The Oxford Handbook of the History of Physics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1SxoAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA128|date=10 ...coveries later played prominent roles in physical theories, as in the case of the conic sections in [[celestial mechanics]].]] ...

{{Short description|Study of correct reasoning}} {{About|the study of correct reasoning||Logic (disambiguation)|and|Logician (disambiguation)}} ...

{{Short description|Interpretation of quantum mechanics}} {{Quantum mechanics|cTopic=[[Interpretation of quantum mechanics|Interpretations]]}} ...

{{see also|List of logicians}} {{wiktionary|Appendix:Glossary of logic}} ...

...elfish pleasure derived from "doing good", regardless of the actual impact of one's generosity. Within the warm-glow framework, people may be "impurely a ...rst2=Matthew D.|last3=Zaki|first3=Jamil|date=2015|title=The Emerging Study of Positive Empathy|url=https://escholarship.org/uc/item/12m108p4|journal=Soci ...

<!-- Please note the background of Tusi is constantly vandalized by ips- that is why it is sourced more predom | caption = Iranian stamp for the 700th anniversary of his death ...

...cs, science, technology and engineering during the [[Victorian era|reign]] of [[Queen Victoria]]. == Professionalisation of science == ...

...st3=F. |title=Metric 3D reconstruction and texture acquisition of surfaces of revolution from a single uncalibrated view |journal=IEEE Transactions on Pa '''Mathematics and art''' are related in a variety of ways. [[Mathematics]] has itself been described as an [[art]] [[mathematica ...

...5) Why Most Published Research Findings Are False.pdf|thumb|alt=first page of research paper|Ioannidis (2005): "[[Why Most Published Research Findings Ar ...ries building on them and potentially call into question substantial parts of scientific knowledge. ...