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...= Zalta |editor-first1=Edward N.|encyclopedia=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |title=Logical constants |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2017/e ==Ancient and medieval conception== ...

...-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KLQSHUW8FnUC&pg=PA79 |chapter=III. Medieval Contributions |pages=79–89 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KLQSHUW8F The medieval scientists demonstrated this theorem—the foundation of "[[Law of falling bo ...

{{Short description|Argument in philosophy of mathematics}} ...of mathematics)|mathematical structuralism]].<ref>Stewart Shapiro (1997) ''Philosophy of Mathematics: Structure and Ontology'' New York: Oxford University Press, ...

...between domains of possible worlds. The formulas are named in honor of the medieval philosopher [[Jean Buridan]] by analogy with the [[Barcan formula]] and the ...[[nominalism|nominalist]] take on practically all aspects of Aristotelian philosophy. Among his logical works (which also comprise a number of important questio ...

...st=Zalta |editor-first= Edward |encyclopedia= The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |title=Dynamic Semantics |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2016/e ...st=Zalta |editor-first= Edward |encyclopedia= The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |title=Anaphora |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2016/entries/dy ...

...|last1=C. T. Rajagopal & M. S. Rangachari |title=On an Untapped Source of Medieval Keralese Mathematics |journal=Archive for History of Exact Sciences |date=1 ...>{{cite book |last1=George Ghevarghese Joseph |title=A Passage to Infinity Medieval Indian Mathematics from Kerala and Its Impact |date=2009 |publisher=SAGE Pu ...

...x.doi.org/10.1016/0039-3681%2872%2990002-7 |journal=Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A |language=en |volume=2 |issue=4 |pages=329–345 |doi=10.10 ...itle=Discourse on a New Method: Reinvigorating the Marriage of History and Philosophy of Science |date=2010 |publisher= Open Court|isbn=978-0-8126-9662-2 |pages= ...

...ondence/ Bohr's Correspondence Principle]", The [[Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy]] (Spring 2014 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.)</ref><ref>Enc. Britannica (1 ...Philosophy of Science] (retrieved 19 Aug 2014), [[Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]].</ref> They are also more likely to be accepted if they connect a wide ra ...

...01-74)|encyclopedia=[[Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy|Encyclopedia of Philosophy]]|publisher=[[Routledge]]|url=https://www.muslimphilosophy.com/ip/rep/H036. | main_interests = [[Kalam]], [[Early Islamic philosophy|Islamic Philosophy]], [[Islamic astronomy|Astronomy]], [[Islamic mathematics|Mathematics]], [[ ...

...mbridge University Press)</ref><ref>Nader El-Bizri, "Ibn al-Haytham," in ''Medieval Science, Technology, and Medicine: An Encyclopedia'', eds. Thomas F. Glick, ....<ref>{{Citation |last=Plott |first=C. |year=2000 |title=Global History of Philosophy: The Period of Scholasticism |isbn=81-208-0551-8 |publisher=[[Motilal Banar ...

...]], an '''ontological argument''' is a [[Deductive reasoning|deductive]] [[Philosophy|philosophical]] [[argument]], made from an [[ontology|ontological]] basis, .../entries/ontological-arguments/ |encyclopedia=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |editor-last=Zalta |editor-first=Edward N. |access-date=2023-11-17 |edition ...

...itor3-first=D. |title=G.W. Leibniz, Interrelations between Mathematics and Philosophy |series=Archimedes |volume=41 |pages=111–134 |publisher=Springer |doi=10.10 ...aran |author-link=Radha Charan Gupta |year=1975 |title=Mādhava's and other medieval Indian values of Pi |journal=The Mathematics Education |volume=(('''9'''. B ...

...=https://books.google.com/books?id=jza_cNJM6fAC|series=History of Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilisation|volume=X Part 4|page=231|isbn=978-81-317 | title = South Indian Achievements in Medieval Mathematics ...

...aim |first=Michael |year=2004 |publication-date=2004 |title = Experimental Philosophy and the Birth of Empirical Science: Boyle, Locke and Newton |location=Alder ...ievements of Ibn Sina in the field of science and his contributions to its philosophy", ''Islam & Science'', December 2003.</ref> and [[Avicenna]].<ref name=Espi ...

...gonometric calculations in astronomy throughout the next 1200 years in the medieval [[Byzantine]], [[Islamic Golden Age|Islamic]], and, later, Western European ...s]] of Ptolemy's Greek ''Almagest'' as well as the works of [[Astronomy in medieval Islam|Persian and Arab astronomers]] such as [[Muhammad ibn Jābir al-Harrān ...

...s a [[proof system]]. Logic plays a central role in many fields, such as [[philosophy]], [[mathematics]], [[computer science]], and [[linguistics]]. ...t the conclusion.{{sfnm|1a1=Hintikka|1a2=Sandu|1y=2006|1p=13|2a1=Audi|2loc=Philosophy of logic|2y=1999b|3a1=McKeon}} These general characterizations apply to log ...

...54E601#access-block|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}}</ref> In the philosophy of [[Plotinus]] (and that of other [[neoplatonist]]s), 'The One' is the ult ...|editor1-last=Remes |editor1-first=Pauliina |series=Routledge Handbooks in Philosophy |location=[[Abingdon, Oxfordshire]] and [[New York City|New York]] |chapter ...

...on for their theology. There are several ''srivasta'' found in ancient and medieval Jain art works, and these are not found on Buddhist or Hindu art works.{{sf ...oks|oCPtDwAAQBAJ|page=408|plainurl=yes}} |title=Jainism: History, Society, Philosophy and Practice | volume=24 | series=Lala Sunder Lal Jain research series |pub ...

...e]] within it,<ref name="HoSM">{{cite web |title=Science and technology in Medieval Islam |url=http://www.mhs.ox.ac.uk/scienceislam_education/docs/Science_and_ ...dianapolis, 1973, p. 204' Meri, Josef W. and Jere L. Bacharach, Editors, ''Medieval Islamic Civilization'' Vol. 1, A–K, Index, 2006, p. 304.</ref> ...

| journal = [[Journal of Indian Philosophy]] ...tor of the Drigganita system. || A proponent of observational astronomy in medieval India who had made a series of eclipse observations to verify the accuracy ...