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...e Italian mathematician [[Fibonacci]] after transmission via the [[Islamic world]]. [[Category:Medieval Chinese mathematicians]] ...

...eased awareness and use of such techniques in Spain may be attested by the medieval [[Jacob's staff]], used specifically for measuring angles, which dates from ...or problems of large systems of [[simultaneous equation]]s given more real-world measurements than unknowns. ...

...abban0000mart/ |title=Kushyar Ibn Labban: "Principles of Hindu Reckoning" (Medieval Science Pubns : No 8) |date= |publisher=Univ of Wisconsin Pr |others=Intern ...[Sunzi Suanjing]]<ref>Lam Lay Yong, Ang Tian Se, Fleeting Footstep, p. 47, World Scientific.</ref> ...

...at is why it is sourced more predominantly here-->| era = [[Islamic Golden Age]] ...]]<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|first=John|last=Cooper|author-link=John Cooper (Islamic studies scholar)|year=1998|title=al-Tusi, Khwajah Nasir (1201-74)|encyclope ...

| caption1 = An example of a subdivision rule used in the Islamic art known as [[girih]]. ...year = 2007 | title = Decagonal and Quasi-crystalline Tilings in Medieval Islamic Architecture | journal = [[Science (journal)|Science]] | volume = 315 | pag ...

...a description of a month in the calendars of different cultures around the world|month}} ...unction]] with the Sun one or two days before that evening (e.g., in the [[Islamic calendar]]). In [[Egyptian calendar|ancient Egypt]], the lunar month began ...

...it does not seem that the story of the 17 camels is part of classical Arab-Islamic mathematics".{{r|ageron}} Supposed origins of the problem in the works of [ ...

===Islamic World=== ...Galina Matvievskaya|year=1987|title=The theory of quadratic irrationals in medieval Oriental mathematics|journal=[[New York Academy of Sciences|Annals of the N ...

...ts side lengths. The field emerged in the [[Hellenistic period|Hellenistic world]] during the 3rd century BC from applications of [[geometry]] to [[Astronom ...ut the next 1200 years in the medieval [[Byzantine]], [[Islamic Golden Age|Islamic]], and, later, Western European worlds. ...

...r.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4939-3780-6 |title=Episodes in the Mathematics of Medieval Islam |year=2016 |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-1-4939-3780-6|last1=Berggren ...Chords? |url=https://hypertextbook.com/eworld/chords/#accuracy |website=E-World |publisher=Hypertextbook.com}} Elert states that "the Table is accurate to ...

...er arguments have been categorised as ontological, including those made by Islamic philosophers [[Mulla Sadra]] and [[Allama Tabatabai]]. ..."Ibn Sina's Fourth Ontological Argument for God's Existence." ''The Muslim World'' 74 (3-4): 161–171.</ref><ref>Morewedge, Parviz. 1970. "IBN Sina Avicenna ...

The '''Islamic Golden Age''' was a period of scientific, economic, and cultural flourishin ...1258)|Siege of Baghdad]] in 1258.<ref name="Tahir Abbas">{{cite book|title=Islamic Radicalism and Multicultural Politics |url={{Google books |plainurl=yes |id ...

...a]],<ref name="AT210511">{{cite magazine |title=The Nebra Sky Disk: Is the world's oldest star map really a map at all? |magazine=Astronomy Today |date=May ...e]] created by God during his [[Genesis creation narrative|creation of the world]] to divide the [[tehom|primal sea]] into upper and lower portions so that ...

{{Short description|Medieval technique of navigational computation}} ...and square) from [[Andrea Bianco (cartographer)|Andrea Bianco]]'s [[Bianco world map|1436 atlas]]]] ...

For simplicity, classical mechanics often models real-world objects as [[point particle]]s, that is, objects with negligible size. The ...Education'' '''40''' (2), p.&nbsp;141.</ref><ref>Seyyed [[Hossein Nasr]], "Islamic Conception Of Intellectual Life", in Philip P. Wiener (ed.), ''Dictionary o ...

The [[Islamic physics|Arab physicist]] [[Ibn al-Haytham]] (Alhazen) used experimentation ...mbridge University Press)</ref><ref>Nader El-Bizri, "Ibn al-Haytham," in ''Medieval Science, Technology, and Medicine: An Encyclopedia'', eds. Thomas F. Glick, ...

=== Islamic world === ...mathematician and poet [[Omar Khayyám]],<ref>{{cite book |title=Science in Medieval Islam: An Illustrated Introduction |first=Howard R. |last=Turner |publisher ...

...book |last= Kepler |first= Johannes |date= 1997 |title= The harmony of the world |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=rEkLAAAAIAAJ&q=harmony+of+the+world ...presented evidence that a Penrose tiling underlies examples of medieval [[Islamic geometric patterns]], such as the [[girih]] (strapwork) tilings at the [[Da ...

...50427074329/http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn20291-iran-is-top-of-the-world-in-science-growth.html |archive-date=27 April 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref ==Science in ancient and Medieval Iran (Persia)== ...

...ns, improve the accuracy of their analyses, and contribute to solving real-world geographical problems.<ref name="Haidu1" /> The techniques and technologies ...context.<ref name ="Ormeling1"/> Technological advancements, such as the [[World Wide Web]] (WWW), Geographic information systems (GIS), and information the ...