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{{Short description|Method of computer program specification}} ...inement is just [[material conditional|implication]]. This is the simplest formal method, and the most general, applying to sequential, parallel, stand-alone ...

...circumstances where the available data is too voluminous or unsuitable for formal modeling. ...ct inference proposes to fit a (possibly [[Statistical model specification#Specification error and bias|misspecified]]) auxiliary model<math>\hat{y}_{\text{aux}, \p ...

...Thatcher| author3=E.G. Wagner |chapter=An initial algebra approach to the specification, correctness and implementation of abstract data types |title=Current Trend ...an [[algebraic specification]] is formulated in two steps: (1) defining a formal signature of data types and operation symbols, and (2) interpreting the sig ...

...PSOFT '97: Theory and Practice of Software Development |chapter=Publishing formal specifications in Z notation on world wide web |series=Lecture Notes in Com ...

== Formal specification == ...

In [[formal verification]], the [[model checking]] method needs to obtain an automaton ...ic Verification of Linear Temporal Logic," Proc. IFIP/WG6.1 Symp. Protocol Specification, Testing, and Verification (PSTV95), pp. 3-18, Warsaw, Poland, Chapman & Ha ...

== Formal definitions and basic terminology == [[Category:Formal specification languages]] ...

== Formal problem statement == In some cases, the specification of the arithmetic circuit is not given to the PIT solver, and the PIT solve ...

Formal definitions that were ultimately proposed for safety properties<ref>{{Cite |book-title=Distributed Systems: Methods and Tools for Specification, An Advanced Course ...

...n-independent, the original presentation was made using the [[Z notation|Z formal notation]]. It is one of the few MBT frameworks approaching [[unit testing] ...rs models to be [[Z notation|Z specifications]]. Each operation within the specification is analyzed to derive or generate [[#Abstract test case|''abstract test cas ...

...iation, <math>\forall x \,\phi x \rightarrow \phi y</math>, with universal specification <math>(\forall x \,\phi x \land E!y \,\phi y) \rightarrow \phi z</math>. Th * "Free Logic and the Concept of Existence", ''[[Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic]]'', VIII, numbers 1 and 2, April 1967. ...

[[Category:Formal specification languages]] ...

...istic finite automata: two abstract representations of the same class of [[formal language]]s. ...lly relies on the fact that <math>e'</math> represents a [[Local language (formal language)|local language]] <math>L(e')</math>. Let {{mvar|A}} be the old al ...

[[Category:Formal specification languages]] ...

...One technique that may reduce this tension is to use [[hyperlink]]s in the specification document. ...

...to'' [[Technical standard|standard]] in [[bioinformatics]] before a formal specification was written. Initially the BED format did not have any official specification. Instead, the description provided by the [[UCSC Genome Browser]]<ref name= ...

...[[causal equality notation]]. As communication devices, the graphs provide formal and transparent representation of the causal assumptions that researchers m ...edge can be expressed in the following [[structural equation model]] (SEM) specification. ...

In order to lead to a computer program, this algorithm specification should prescribe how irreducible components are represented. Such an enco == Formal definitions == ...

{{short description|Formal specification language}} '''TLA⁺''' is a [[formal specification]] language developed by [[Leslie Lamport]]. It is used for designing, model ...

== Formal definition == Compared to the basic model defined here, the NGSI-LD meta-model adds a formal definition of basic categories (entity, relation, property) on the basis of ...