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{{Short description|Cognitive bias}} ...revise one's belief insufficiently when presented with new evidence. This bias describes human [[belief revision]] in which people over-weigh the [[prior ...

{{Short description|Cognitive bias}} ...e estimation as exemplified by estimated time savings. |journal=Journal of Experimental Psychology |volume=86 |issue=2 |pages=204–210 |doi=10.1037/h0029934 |via=Am ...

[[File:Chebyshev bias.svg|thumb|Plot of the function <math>\pi(x;4,3)-\pi(x;4,1)</math> for ''n'' In [[number theory]], '''Chebyshev's bias''' is the phenomenon that most of the time, there are more [[prime number|p ...

==Standard theory versus experimental results== ...ast2=Knetsch|first2=Jack L.|last3=Thaler|first3=Richard H.|year=1990|title=Experimental Tests of the Endowment Effect and the Coase Theorem|journal=Journal of Poli ...

...toss and will attempt to cheat in various ways.<ref name="Heads or tails: Experimental quantum coin flipping cryptography" /> ...east one player can always succeed at cheating. Obviously, the smaller the bias better the protocol. ...

...(left) Field of direction (B) Schottky solution, curve (a). With increased bias {{math|<var>n</var>₂(<var>F</var>)}} shifts steadily up and to t ...he domain can be obtained from the slope of the domain that increases with bias (Fig. 3b).<ref name="BoerVoss1968-2" /> ...

The '''frequency principle/spectral bias''' is a phenomenon observed in the study of [[Artificial neural network|art ...irst7 = Yoshua| last8 = Courville| first8 = Aaron| title = On the Spectral Bias of Neural Networks| book-title = Proceedings of the 36th International Conf ...

...s (statistics)|bias]]ed and corrections must be made when they are used in experimental or survey work. The ratio estimates are asymmetrical and symmetrical tests ...n'') (see [[big O notation]]) so as the sample size (''n'') increases, the bias will asymptotically approach 0. Therefore, the estimator is approximately u ...

...stics, '''efficiency''' is a measure of quality of an [[estimator]], of an experimental design,{{sfn|Everitt|2002|p=128}} or of a [[hypothesis testing]] procedure. The efficiency of an [[bias of an estimator|unbiased]] [[estimator]], ''T'', of a [[statistical paramet ...

...e learned. In experiments, the forget gates were initialized with positive bias weights,<ref name="lstm2000"/> thus being opened, addressing the vanishing ...Similarly, a Highway Net whose gates are opened through strongly positive bias weights behaves like a ResNet. The skip connections used in modern neural n ...

The '''tunnel field-effect''' transistor (TFET) is an experimental type of transistor. Even though its structure is very similar to a metal–ox ...8-3-319-31653-6|editor-last2=Chan|editor-first2=Mansun}}</ref> As the gate bias is reduced, the bands become misaligned and current can no longer flow. ...

'''Experimental uncertainty analysis''' is a technique that analyses a ''derived'' quantity ...[Accuracy and precision|precision]]''). The measured quantities may have [[Bias|biases]], and they certainly have [[random variation]], so what needs to be ...

...East Asians) and B represents the condition in the study (0 = control, 1 = experimental). Then the interaction effect shows whether the effect of condition on the ...rol condition, while the coefficient of B shows the effect of imposing the experimental condition for European American participants. ...

== Experimental efforts == ...neling microscope|scanning tunneling microscopy]].<ref name=":5" /> A zero bias peak in the conductance could be the signature of a topological phase.<ref ...

...s have especially high test scores (regardless of whether they receive the experimental treatment) while students in classes with worse teachers have especially lo ...07-04|website=UC Davis - Economics|language=en}}</ref> Thus, the resulting bias corrected estimator follows the form: ...

...issue=41|pages=13435–13441|doi=10.1021/ja062463w|pmid=17031956}}</ref> the bias-exchange MTD,<ref name="biasexchange">{{Cite journal | title = A bias-exchange approach to protein folding ...

...isation. All of the properties of the magnetic systems such as the applied bias field, the sample's exchange, anisotropy and dipolar fields are described i ...tic parameters of the sample and the initial groundstate magnetisation and bias field details are stated.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Ma|first1=F. S.|last2=Li ...

====Polarization or bias of a state==== ...and for <math>\varepsilon = 0</math> the state is exactly in the center. A bias can be negative (for example <math display="inline">-\frac 1 2</math>), and ...

...ng SNP genotyping, with a wide variety of algorithms designed for specific experimental designs and applications.<ref name = "Nielsen 2011">{{cite journal |title=G ...ed to refer to this process. However this phrase may also refer to wet-lab experimental procedures for classifying genotypes at a set of known SNP locations. ...

...commitment"/><ref name="practicalrelcomm"/><ref name="AdlamKent15DIRQBC"/> Experimental demonstrations of relativistic bit commitment have been implemented.<ref na ...that Bob cannot bias the outcome, and Bob is guaranteed that Alice cannot bias the outcome either. It was shown by Lo and Chau that ideal strong coin toss ...