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...cy change, upon the intended target of the policy. For example, a [[fiscal policy]] maker may have a prediction as to the value of the [[fiscal multiplier]]— ...er quadratic [[loss function|loss]]: optimal policy is not equivalent to a policy of [[expected value of including uncertainty|ignoring uncertainty]]. ...

...he main areas in economics where hysteresis effects are invoked to explain economic phenomena are [[unemployment]] and international trade.<ref name="Cross1993 ...ment, which makes them less likely to again get jobs.<ref>Hargreaves Heap, Economic Journal 1980</ref> ...

...antageous. Similarly, inflationist economists advocate for an inflationist policy. ...ury United States, the [[Free Silver]] movement advocated the inflationary policy of free coinage of silver. This was a contentious political issue in the 40 ...

...[[Antoon Kolen]]. "[http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/2310/eur_wagelmans_22.pdf Economic lot sizing: an O (n log n) algorithm that runs in linear time in the Wagner The functional equation representing minimal cost policy is: ...

...Hsiang-Ke|title=A Structure of the Consumption Function|journal=Journal of Economic Methodology|volume=14|number=2|year=2007|pages=227–248 |doi=10.1080/1350178 ...es take effect when they change expectations.”<ref name=":0" /> Though the policy changes affect consumption only as much as they affect permanent income. Fu ...

...=Measurement of Tax Progressivity: An International Comparison|journal=The Economic Journal|date=March 1977|volume=87|issue=345|pages=71–80|doi=10.2307/2231833 ...|first=Barry|title=Measurement of Tax Progressivity: A Comment|journal=The Economic Journal|date=September 1979|volume=89|issue=355|pages=648–651|doi=10.2307/2 ...

...d decide which one of them is better (for example, in order to decide on a policy). The overtaking criterion is one option to do this comparison. ...librium in supergames with the overtaking criterion|journal= Journal of Economic Theory|volume= 21|pages= 1–9|year= 1979|last1= Rubinstein|first ...

...icy can be enacted through a sequence of votes, regardless of the original policy. This means that adding more policies and changing the order of votes ("age ...Voting Models and Some Implications for Agenda Control |journal=Journal of Economic Theory |date=June 1976 |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=472–482|doi=10.1016/0022- ...

...ions]] cannot be systematically surprised by [[monetary policy]], monetary policy cannot be used to systematically influence the economy. ...tory of stable price levels exhibit larger effects in response to monetary policy than countries where prices have been volatile.<ref name="SnowdonVane453" / ...

| work =Introduction to Forestry, Forest Policy, and Economics ...st |year=1999 |title=Nonrenewability in Forest Rotations: Implications for Economic and Ecological Sustainability |journal=Ecological Economics |volume=31 |iss ...

...nomics without the LM Curve |first=David |last=Romer |journal=[[Journal of Economic Perspectives]] |volume=14 |issue=2 |year=2000 |pages=149–169 |jstor=2647100 IS-MP is an upgraded version that better reflects the impact of monetary policy and the central bank's role in managing the economy. ...

...y. The North–South model is used by dependencia theorists as a theoretical economic justification for [[dependency theory]].<ref>Abdenur, Adriana [http://www.t ....jstor.org/pss/2234035 "North South Growth and the Terms of Trade"], ''The Economic Journal'', 1989, accessed June 24, 2011.</ref> ...

...COVID-19 |url=https://www.nber.org/papers/w27867}}</ref> investigating the economic repercussions of the [[COVID-19 recession|Coronavirus Recession]]. [[Category:Economic indicators]] ...

...related versions of the model in use. Wonderland allows [[economists]], [[policy analysts]] and [[environmentalist]] to study the interactions between the [[economic]], [[demographic]] and [[human impact on the environment|anthropogenic]] se ...

...her increase the value of the combined assets. It is defined as “the total economic value added by combining certain complementary factors in a production syst ...y of industry and firm effects in the biopharmaceutical industry. Research Policy, 30 (8): 1235-1251.</ref><ref>Rothaermel, F.T. 2001. Incumbent’s advantage ...

...orecasting, money, and income''. p. vii</ref> He was Director of the [[SEO Economic Research]] from 1985 to 1992 as successor of [[Wim Driehuis]]. Among his do * 1958. ''Economic forecasts and policy''. With [[Henri Theil]] assisted by J.S. Cramer, H. Moerman, and A. Russche ...

...t=Milton |year=1968 |title=The Role of Monetary Policy |journal=[[American Economic Review]] |volume=58 |issue=1 |pages=1–17 |jstor=1831652 }}</ref> ...|doi=10.3386/w27193 |last2=Summers |first2=Lawrence H.}}</ref> [[Monetary policy]] conducted under the assumption of a NAIRU typically involves allowing jus ...

...suggests that supporting an upward monetization trend can be an important policy objective for governments.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kinoshita |first1=Noriaki ...is is one of the most important characteristics of the level and course of economic development.<ref name="MDE">{{cite web |last1=Chandavarkar |first1=Anand G. ...

{{short description|Economic theory}} ....com/Finance/Fch30/F30-4.php Suranovic, ''International Finance Theory and Policy'' | Problems and Extensions of PPP]</ref> ...

...valuation (finance)|stock market valuation]], [[dividend decision|dividend policy]], the [[monetary transmission mechanism]], and [[volatility (finance)|stoc ...Equilibrium as function of time for the S&P500 index - March 2022. Extreme economic events like the global financial crisis in 2007 push the index out of equil ...