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...fugal force during the rotation of the Earth that acts tangentially to the Earth's surface. ...points away perpendicularly from the Earth's axis, i.e. diagonally to the Earth's surface, depending on the degree of latitude. The centrifugal force contain ...

...umber) applied to the physical body, such as the atmosphere or the Earth's crust. In seismology or geodesy it describes the effects of the body to applied f ...

...= Poirier |first = Jean-Paul |title = Introduction to the Physics of the Earth's Interior |series = Cambridge Topics in Mineral Physics & Chemistry |publi ..., presumably some metal, which, to judge from its abundance in the Earth's crust, in meteorites and in the Sun, is probably iron."<ref name=Poirier/> ...

...'', which was needed to obtain a complete overall description of the solid Earth's response to the [[tide]]s.<ref>TOSHI SHIDA, On the Body Tides of the Earth, ...horizontal (transverse) displacement of an element of mass of the planet's crust to that of the corresponding static ocean tide.<ref name=Poulsen/> In poten ...

...ough the year due to the obliquity of the ecliptic and the eccentricity of Earth's orbit around the Sun|Equation of time}} ...('''LOD'''), which has increased over the long term of [[history of Earth|Earth's history]] due to [[tidal acceleration|tidal effects]], is also subject to f ...

...rential stress is reduced. Therefore, both rock strength and overburden of crust are able to alter the differential stress. <ref> Fossen. H. (2010) Structur ...

...t description|Level representing a mechanical difference between layers in Earth's inner structure}} ...iagram of the internal structure of Earth. The lithosphere consists of the crust and upper solid mantle ([[lithospheric mantle]]). The green dashed line mar ...

...atio helps explain the evolution of the planetary system and the origin of Earth's moon. ...that are associated with a [[planet]]'s or a [[moon]]'s [[crust (geology)|crust]] or [[atmosphere]]. ...

...roximate average depth of 10–15&nbsp;km (~ 6.2–9.3 miles) in [[continental crust]], below which [[rock (geology)|rock]] becomes less likely to fracture and ...ode of deformation, but other substances, such as loose soils in the upper crust, malleable rocks, biological debris, and more are just a few examples of th ...

...observations: mountain uplifted {{convert|17000|m|ft|abbr=on}} and exposed crust section at [[Euboea Montes]], different colored units exposed on Haemus Mon ...pushed inward to a sphere with a smaller radius. This subsidence of older crust may imply enormous horizontal compressive stress. This stress is related to ...

{{short description|Movement of carbon through Earth's mantle and core}} ...on cycle''') is [[geochemical cycle]] (movement) of [[carbon]] through the Earth's [[mantle (geology)|mantle]] and [[Structure of the Earth#Core|core]]. ...

...d-ocean ridges as upwellings above [[Convection|convection currents]] in [[Earth's mantle]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Dietz|first=Robert S.|date=1961|title=Con ...del which explained data that showed that both the ocean depths and ocean crust [[Heat transfer|heat flow]] approached a constant value for very old seaflo ...

...owever, attenuation of this phase has different characteristics at oceanic crust. Lg may be suddenly disappeared along a particular propagation path which i ...

...= ≈31 @ 0.2 AU<ref name="opposition2022"/><br/>≈15 (before entering [[Earth's shadow]])<ref name="MPC-object"/> ...re [[near-Earth asteroid]] or [[meteoroid]] that [[Impact event|impacted]] Earth's atmosphere on 19 November 2022 at 08:27 [[Universal Time|UT]] in [[Southern ...

...intense enough to cause damage is usually due to rupturing of the Earth's crust known as [[earthquakes]]. The intensity of shaking depends on several fact ...r the south end of San Francisco Bay reflected off the base of the Earth's crust towards San Francisco and Oakland. A similar effect channeled seismic waves ...

...put a small sample under pressure that can approach the conditions in the Earth's interior. |title = Studying the Earth's formation: The multi-anvil press at work ...

...n understanding the internal structures and the progressive development of Earth's deforming regions.<ref name=":0" /> ...formation using flour to represent the upper part of the [[Crust (geology)|crust]] and a balloon to represent the inflating [[magma chamber]]|387x387px]] ...

...[[Metamorphic rock|metamorphic]] rock [[petrogenesis]], early earth mantle-crust differentiation, and [[Provenance (geology)|provenance]].<ref name=":4"/><r ...ements.<ref name=":0"/> The two elements as a result would not be found in Earth's early atmosphere.<ref name=":0"/> Due to these characteristics, the two ele ...

...|title=Radiogenic Ca isotopes confirm post-formation K depletion of lower crust |url=http://www.geochemicalperspectivesletters.org/article1904 |journal=Geo ...both assumed to have had the same initial calcium isotopic composition as Earth's seawater at the time of their formation. As such, being able to assume the ...

...inos from natural [[Uranium-238]] and [[Thorium-232]] decay in the Earth’s crust and mantle as well as manmade reactor-v̄_e emitted by power react ...-producing [[Chemical element|elements]] and their spatial distribution in Earth's interior) from geoneutrino measurements. Analysts from the [[Borexino]] col ...