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{{Short description|Mathematical model of swarms}} ...y are dynamical units with spatial degrees of freedom and internal degrees of freedom whose dynamics are coupled. ...

...al Concepts|url=https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ct400687b|journal=Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation|language=en|volume=9|issue=11|pages=4834–48 ...edding: The case of water on graphitic carbon nitride |journal=The Journal of Chemical Physics |date=28 December 2021 |volume=155 |issue=24 |doi=10.1063/ ...

{{Short description|Stratification of a genetic population based on allele frequencies}} ...ture to arise. For example, a barrier like a river can separate two groups of the same species and make it difficult for potential mates to cross; if a [ ...

...h length to output an anomaly score, and does not use leaf node statistics of class distribution or target value. ...pplicable to high-dimensional data.<ref name=":1" /> In 2010, an extension of the algorithm, SCiforest, was published to address clustered and axis-paral ...

...ay, chemical ionization, plasma), ion formation, and entry into the vacuum of the mass spectrometer.]] ...hen J.|title=Ambient ionisation mass spectrometry for the characterisation of polymers and polymer additives: a review|journal=Analytica Chimica Acta|dat ...

{{Short description|Manipulation of very small objects with sound waves}} ...}</ref> The target object must be considerably smaller than the wavelength of sound used, and the technology is typically used to manipulate microscopic ...

...scription|Dating technique to study geological history using nuclear decay of the mineral monazite}} ...s, M. L., Jercinovic, M. J., & Terry, M. P. (1999). Age mapping and dating of monazite on the electron microprobe: Deconvoluting multistage tectonic hist ...

{{short description|All genes of all strains in a clade}} ...have more than one homologous gene per genome. In the middle, at the left of the figure the shell genome is observed. At the top left are shown families ...