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{{Short description|Epidemiological instrument for finding substances}} ...chemicals or [[pathogens]] in a population. This is achieved by measuring chemical or [[biomarkers]] in wastewater generated by the people contributing to a [ ...

{{About|the atomic variants of chemical elements|other uses|Isotope (disambiguation)}} ...ron]]s in their nuclei. While all isotopes of a given element have similar chemical properties, they have different [[atomic mass]]es and physical properties.< ...

...Iran Barekat]] first locally developed COVID-19 vaccine to be approved for emergency use in the Middle East<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-06-14|title=Iran issues lic The [[Qanat]] (a water management system used for irrigation) originated in pre-[[Achaemenid]] Iran. The oldest and largest k ...

| working_principle = [[Chemical reaction]]s<br>[[Electromotive force]] | symbol_caption = The [[electronic symbol|symbol]] for a battery in a [[circuit diagram]]. It originated as a schematic drawing of ...

...ation. The effects of natural [[Cosmic ray|cosmic radiation]], radioactive substances such as [[radon]] and [[radium]] found in the environment, and the potentia ...sed downward. The concept of radiation protection now includes regulations for the handling of [[Non-ionizing radiation|non-ionizing]] radiation. ...

...as a psychoactive drug|alcohol (drug)|alcohols used in medicine|alcohols (medicine)|the substance in general|Ethanol}} ...dka eyeballing|ophthalmic]], [[Alcohol powder|insufflation]], [[injection (medicine)|injection]]<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gilman JM, Ramchandani VA, Cro ...

'''Heavy metals''' is a controversial and ambiguous term{{sfn|Duffus|2002}} for [[metal]]lic elements with relatively high [[density|densities]], [[atomic ...nitions surveyed in this article encompass up to 96 out of the 118 known [[chemical element]]s; only [[mercury (element)|mercury]], [[lead]] and [[bismuth]] me ...