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...s statements whether and how much volume elements or substances within a [[chemical reactor]] mix due to the prevalent currents. It is defined as the ratio of ...-calculated desired value, so that the desired degree of backmixing of the substances in the reactor can be reached. ...

...gar |first2=Azad A. |date=2007-02-03 |title=Methods for Detecting Chemical–Chemical Interaction in Toxicology |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/ ...e presence of two or more substances than in the presence of either of the substances alone. For example, the LD50 of potassium cyanide alone is 11 mg/kg, w ...

...D. H. |last2=Nowacki |first2=Werner |title=Crystal Data: Classification of Substances by Space Groups and their Identification from Cell Dimensions |date=1954 |p ==Chemical properties== ...

...s biochemical models of living organisms. Groups of mutually corresponding substances are subject to mutually corresponding interactions. ...[[GNU GPL]], version 3. BioNetGen includes a language to describe chemical substances, including the states they can assume and the bindings they can undergo. Th ...

...a binary [[inorganic compound]] of [[platinum]] and [[samarium]] with the chemical formula PtSm.<ref>{{cite book |title=Search Manual for Selected Powder Diff Fusion of stoichiometric amounts of pure substances: ...

...curve''' describes the change in the composition of the liquid phase of a chemical mixture during continuous [[evaporation]] at the condition of [[vapor–liqui ...ore of the light boiling substances are vaporized than of the high boiling substances and therefore the concentration of the high boilers increase in the liquid ...

...[temperature]]) typical for the contact of the parts during friction, the substances contained in the revitalizant act as a [[catalyst]] for creating the metal ...g as [[Case hardening|surface hardening]] and at the same time as rolling substances, reducing the [[friction coefficient]]. ...

...ublisher=Wiley -VCH |date=January 1, 2001 |pages=15–16 |chapter=Chapter 1: Chemical bonding of main group elements |isbn=978-3-527-33315-8}}</ref> ...ing|first1=Linus|title=The modern theory of valency|journal=Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed)|year=1948|volume=17 |pages=1461–1467|issn=0368-1769|doi=1 ...

...unt (typically one [[Mole (unit)|mole]]) of another substance in a given [[chemical reaction]]. It is an archaic quantity that was used in [[chemistry]] and th ! rowspan="2" | Chemical formula ...

...g]]). By definition, properties of mixing are related to those of the pure substances by: where <math>\mu_i</math> is the [[chemical potential]] defined as (for constant n_<big>j</big> with j≠i): ...

...e classical expression for the molar [[specific heat capacity]] of certain chemical elements is constant for temperatures far from the [[absolute zero]]. ...in 1865 by [[Hermann Franz Moritz Kopp]] extended the Dulong–Petit law to chemical compounds from further experimental data. ...

'''Europium(II) fluoride''' is an [[inorganic compound]] with a chemical formula EuF₂. It was first synthesized in 1937.<ref name=Zhao>Zh ...luoride in toothpaste using an ion-selective electrode |journal=Journal of Chemical Education |date=April 1975 |volume=52 |issue=4 |pages=247–250 |doi=10.1021/ ...

'''Tetraoxygen difluoride''' is an inorganic [[chemical compound]] of oxygen, belonging to the family of [[oxygen fluorides]]. It c ...rresponding anions AgF{{su|b=4|p=-}} and AuF{{su|b=6|p=-}}. With non-noble substances this oxidation can lead to explosions even at low temperatures. As an examp ...

A '''laminar flow reactor''' ('''LFR''') is a type of [[chemical reactor]] that uses [[laminar flow]] to control [[reaction rate]], and/or r ...s]] in [[chemical reaction]]s, or they can be utilized to generate special chemical structures such as [[carbon nanotube]]s. One feature of the LFR is that the ...

...size. 1. Rate constants and equilibrium ratios for accumulation of organic substances related to octanol-water partition ratio and species weight | journal = Env If a substance is present as several [[chemical species]] in the octanol-water system due to [[Association (chemistry)|asso ...

...toxicology]], '''bioconcentration''' is the accumulation of a water-borne chemical substance in an organism exposed to the water.<ref name="Tox. II Book">{{ci ...ronment (biophysical)|environment]]. The BCF is a measure of the extent of chemical sharing between an organism and the surrounding environment.<ref name="Ecol ...

...a binary [[inorganic compound]] of [[neptunium]] and [[arsenic]] with the chemical formula {{chem|Np|As}}.<ref>{{cite book |title=Los Alamos Science |date=200 Heating stoichiometric amounts of pure substances: ...

...properties of mixtures containing supercritical components. This class of substances cannot be predicted with established models, for example [[UNIFAC]]. ...e parameters ''a_i'' and ''b_i'' are those of the pure substances, their mole fractions are given by ''x_i'', and the excess Gibbs ...

A '''post-column oxidation-reduction reactor''' is a [[chemical reactor]] that performs [[derivatization]] to improve the quantitative meas ...it to be converted to methane for FID detection regardless of its original chemical form. ...

{{Short description|Chemical term for density of a component in a mixture}} For a pure chemical the mass concentration equals its [[density]] (mass divided by volume); thu ...