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...of soft materials.<ref>AL Mackay, Flexicrystallography: curved surfaces in chemical structures, Current Science, 69:2 25 July 1995</ref> ...

{{Short description|American chemical engineer}} ...is an American chemical engineer, a fellow of The [[American Institute of Chemical Engineers]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Norman Carnahan | publisher = Acadian ...

...968 to describe [[phase separation]] of two-component [[polymers|polymer]] mixtures in a common solvent.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Edmond|first1=E.|last2=Ogston ....C.|last3=Venema|first3=P.|year=2021|title=Phase-separating binary polymer mixtures: the degeneracy of the virial coefficients and their extraction from phase ...

...n the elastic modulus of a composite material, as predicted by the rule of mixtures. The actual elastic modulus lies between the curves.]] In [[materials science]], a '''general rule of mixtures''' is a [[weighted mean]] used to predict various properties of a [[composi ...

...n-stretched laminar flame speed is dependent on only three properties of a chemical mixture: the [[thermal diffusivity]] of the mixture, the [[reaction rate]] ...ame will propagate at a speed that is not only a function of the mixture's chemical and transport properties but also properties of the flow and turbulence. ...

...e development of this method was to enable the estimation of properties of mixtures containing supercritical components. This class of substances cannot be pre ...ty coefficient model is used to adapt the equation-of-state parameters for mixtures by a so-called mixing rule. ...

...curve''' describes the change in the composition of the liquid phase of a chemical mixture during continuous [[evaporation]] at the condition of [[vapor–liqui ...ion processes. Residue curve maps are typically used for examining ternary mixtures which can't be easily separated by distillation because of [[Azeotrope|aze ...

...ss properties are the excess [[volume]], excess [[enthalpy]], and [[excess chemical potential]]. The [[excess volume]] ({{mvar|V{{sup|E}}}}), [[internal energy ...lliott | first = J. Richard | author2=Lira, Carl T. | title = Introductory Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics | publisher = [[Prentice Hall]] | year = 2012 | ...

...|url=http://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.1700883|journal=The Journal of Chemical Physics|language=en|volume=32|issue=1|pages=119–124|doi=10.1063/1.1700883|b ...and <math>T</math> is the temperature) one can find the expression for the chemical potential <math>\mu</math> and then use the [[Gibbs–Duhem equation]] to exp ...

Partial molar properties are useful because chemical [[mixture]]s are often maintained at constant temperature and pressure and where <math>\mu_i</math> is the [[chemical potential]] defined as (for constant n_<big>j</big> with j≠i): ...

{{Short description|Chemical term for density of a component in a mixture}} For a pure chemical the mass concentration equals its [[density]] (mass divided by volume); thu ...

...oks?id=R5NuqNaCkkkC&pg=PA34 | chapter = Carbon Dioxide Reforming | title = Chemical fixation of carbon dioxide: methods for recycling CO₂ into usefu Thus, two [[greenhouse gas]]es are consumed and useful chemical building blocks, hydrogen and carbon monoxide, are produced. A challenge t ...

...ditors = McNaught AD, Wilkinson A, Jenkins A | title = IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the "Gold Book") | edition = 2nd | chapter-url = https://goldb ..., mixtures are absolutely stable. In between the binodal and the spinodal, mixtures may be [[metastable]]: staying mixed (or unmixed) absent some large disturb ...

...ematical model of the thermodynamic activity of phase equilibria of liquid mixtures}} ...hannes van Laar]] in 1910-1913, to describe [[phase equilibria]] of liquid mixtures. The equation was derived from the [[Van der Waals equation]]. The original ...

...|last2=Prausnitz|first2=John M.|title=Statistical thermodynamics of liquid mixtures: A new expression for the excess Gibbs energy of partly or completely misci ...ivided into [[functional group]]s. In fact, UNIQUAC is equal to UNIFAC for mixtures of molecules, which are not subdivided; e.g. the binary systems water-meth ...

...trary. For mixtures of two liquids either may be described as solvent. For mixtures of a liquid and a solid, the liquid is usually identified as the solvent an ...able 4.</ref> This procedure can be extended to ternary and multicomponent mixtures. ...

...s definition depends on the ways of expressing [[chemical composition]] of mixtures. ...[[chemical potential]] of the pure solvent and <math>\mu_A</math> is the [[chemical potential]] of the solvent in a solution, ''M''_A is its [[molar ...

...6/76512/Transport-Properties-of-Polar-Gas-Mixtures |journal=The Journal of Chemical Physics |language=en |volume=36 |issue=10 |pages=2746–2757 |doi=10.1063/1.1 ...

...I. Impact of combining rules on mixtures properties|journal=The Journal of Chemical Physics|date=14 March 2014|volume=140|issue=10|pages=104109|doi=10.1063/1.4 ...Failure of the usual combining rules | year=2003 | journal=The Journal of Chemical Physics | pages=9145–9162 | last1 = Song | first1 = W. | last2 = Rossky | f ...

...[Jan Zawidzki]] proved the model via determining the composition of binary mixtures condensed at different temperatures by their refractive indices.<ref>{{Cite In chemical engineering the Margules Gibbs free energy model for liquid mixtures is better known as the Margules activity or activity coefficient model. Alt ...