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...s must emit particles. This work led to [[Stephen Hawking]] conjecturing [[Hawking radiation]]. In 1979, he became the first to propose a model of cosmic infl ...>10^{-32}</math> seconds and that during this period the universe expanded by a factor of at least <math>10^{25}</math>.{{sfn|Gribbin|1996|p=220}}{{sfn|G ...

{{Short description|Science book series written by scientists and published by Princeton University Press}} ...en by scientists known for their popular writings and originally published by [[Princeton University Press]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Princeton Science Lib ...

|title=Introducing Stephen Hawking |publisher=Totem Books ...

| name = Stephen Hawking | image = Stephen Hawking.StarChild.jpg ...

...to <math>|\psi\rangle</math>. The time evolution of a pure state is given by the [[Schrödinger equation]]: ...he [[projective Hilbert space]]; the distance along this curve is measured by the [[Fubini–Study metric]].<ref name="GQE">{{cite journal ...

In [[physics]], [[time]] is defined by its [[operational definition|measurement]]: time is what a [[clock]] reads. ...istic physics, it is a [[scalar (physics)|scalar]] quantity (often denoted by the symbol <math>t</math>) and, like [[length]], [[mass]], and [[electric c ...

...The Oxford Handbook of the History of Physics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1SxoAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA128|date=10 October 2013|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=978 [[File:Conic Sections.svg|thumb|240px|right|Mathematics was developed by the Ancient Civilizations for intellectual challenge and pleasure. Surprisi ...

{{Short description|Units defined only by physical constants}} ...en [[Prototype (metrology)|prototype object]]. Originally proposed in 1899 by German physicist [[Max Planck]], they are relevant in research on unified t ...

...Fermi | year=2009 | isbn=978-1-58603-990-5 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=91s7GiBaAE0C&pg=PR9 | access-date=28 December 2022 | page=9}}</ref> He a ...from general relativity in that the [[gravitational constant]] is replaced by a variable [[Field (physics)|field]]. Ehlers was instrumental in changing t ...

...apter=Chapter 3: Pythagorean triples |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nHxBw-WlECUC&pg=PA63 |isbn=978-0-8218-4403-8 |year=2007 |publisher=Ameri ...570 BC. The theorem has been [[Mathematical proof|proved]] numerous times by many different methods – possibly the most for any mathematical theorem. Th ...

By 20 minutes, the universe is no longer hot enough for [[nuclear fusion]], bu ...eatly reducing the [[Thomson scattering]] of photons. No longer scattered by free electrons, the photons were ("[[decoupling (cosmology)|decoupled]]") a ...

...81-9421-6 |volume=290 |pages=291–300 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EAswiGbShCAC&pg=PA291}}</ref> ...verse]]'' by [[James Hopwood Jeans]] and ''[[Mr Tompkins in Wonderland]]'' by [[George Gamow]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Freire |first=Olival |date ...

| 10,000 – 1 million <ref name="prob" group="note">This represents the time by which the event will most probably have happened. It may occur randomly at | By this point, halfway through Earth's precessional cycle, Earth's [[axial til ...

* Activity from the [[Mesolithic]] period onwards, attested by archaeological finds across the city.<ref name=OARA2011>{{cite web|title=Ox * By 727 – [[Dida of Eynsham]] establishes a nunnery with [[Frithuswith|Frideswi ...

...ge, and it was officially established as an international measurement unit by the [[Metre Convention]] of 1875 at the beginning of the [[Second Industria ...[International Association of Geodesy|International Geodetic Association]] by thirty [[platinum-iridium]] bars kept across the globe.<ref>{{Cite web|url= ...

}}</ref> The mean lifetime is given by <math>\tau = \hbar/\Gamma</math>. ...tary particle]] in the [[Standard Model]] of [[particle physics]] produced by the [[excited state|quantum excitation]] of the '''Higgs field''',<ref name ...

...meline of first orbital launches by country#List of first orbital launches by country|9th country to put a domestically built satellite into orbit]] usin Science in Persia evolved in two main phases separated by the arrival and widespread adoption of Islam in the region. ...