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...tic response to changes in light intensity. Using this tool to approximate biological productivity is important because phytoplankton contribute ~50%<ref>Field e ...d by Alan Jassby and Trevor Platt, researchers at the Bedford Institute of Oceanography in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, reached a conclusion that solidified the way in ...

...the given time.<ref name="Miller">C.B. Miller and P.A. Wheeler, Biological Oceanography, Second Edition, Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.</ref> ...and Pena (1999)<ref name="Denman">K.L. Denman and M.A. Pena, A coupled 1-D biological/physical model of the northeast subarctic Pacific Ocean with iron limitatio ...

...ath><ref name="Lalli">Carol Lalli and Timothy R. Parsons, 1997, Biological Oceanography: An Introduction, 2nd Ed., Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK, 337 ...

| journal = Evolution of Physical Oceanography ...low water (MLLW). Figure provided by Eric Terrill, Scripps Institution of Oceanography with funding from the U.S. [[Office of Naval Research]]]] ...

...n bioluminescent reaction of Gonyaulax polyedra | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 264 | issue = 20 | pages = 11822–6 | date = July 1989 ...e measurement and modelling of Dinoflagellate bioluminescence. Progress in Oceanography, 109, 117–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2012.10.008</ref> These org ...

...27 |pmid=22264500 |bibcode=2012MarPB..64..653L }}</ref> to determining the biological connectivity of ocean regions.<ref name="BarrierReef"/> ...e dispersal of biological matter in different ocean regions to gauge their biological connectivity.<ref name="BarrierReef"/> ...

...rimarily to [[upwelling]] ([[downwelling]]). It is a key mechanism driving biological and biogeochemical processes in the ocean such as [[algal bloom]]s and the ...|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jpo3797.1 |journal=Journal of Physical Oceanography |volume=38 |issue=11 |pages=2501–2518 |doi=10.1175/2008jpo3797.1 |bibcode=2 ...

== Biological impact == [[Category:Oceanography]] ...

...n surface appearance of a red tide in the nearshore |journal=Limnology and Oceanography |volume=56 |issue=3 |pages=787–801 |doi=10.4319/lo.2011.56.3.0787 |bibcode= ...g/view/journals/phoc/48/3/jpo-d-17-0210.1.xml |journal=Journal of Physical Oceanography |language=EN |volume=48 |issue=3 |pages=531–554 |doi=10.1175/JPO-D-17-0210. ...

...[Oceanic carbon cycle#Burial|organic carbon burial]], and vegetation type. Biological processes preferentially take up the lower mass [[isotope]] through [[kinet ...have replaced the original.<ref name=BO_186>Miller & Wheeler, ''Biological Oceanography'', p.&nbsp;186.</ref> ...

...g space, and are the core momentum of our planet's physical, chemical, and biological cycles. As underlined in recent policy documents such as the '''Galway Stat ...ng drive development of ocean observatories in European Seas." Progress in Oceanography 91.1 (2011): 1-33.</ref> ...

...Martin curve|year = 2015|last1 = Olli|first1 = Kalle|journal = Progress in Oceanography|volume = 135|pages = 146–155|bibcode = 2015PrOce.135..146O}}</ref> It is na ...0.1073/pnas.1918114117|title = Metrics that matter for assessing the ocean biological carbon pump|year = 2020|last1 = Buesseler|first1 = Ken O.|last2 = Boyd|firs ...

...location without physically measuring at that location. Remote sensing in oceanography mostly refers to measuring properties of the [[ocean]] surface with sensors ...=":1">{{Citation|last=Robinson|first=Ian S.|title=The methods of satellite oceanography|date=2010|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68322-3_2|work=Discoverin ...

...intermediate predators through sensory disruption | journal=Limnology and Oceanography | publisher=Wiley | volume=65 | issue=10 | date=2020-04-23 | issn=0024-3590 ...tem/90t0898r |access-date=2 January 2023 |publisher=Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal |last1=Smart |first1=Jeffrey H. | ...

...ee pumps are: (1) the solubility pump, (2) the carbonate pump, and (3) the biological pump. The total active pool of carbon at the Earth's surface for durations ...erican Scientist|volume=46|issue=3|pages=230A–221|jstor=27827150|title=The Biological Control of Chemical Factors in the Environment|pmid=24545739}}</ref> which ...

...e.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Lalli |first=Carol M. |title=Biological Oceanography: An Introduction |last2=Parsons |first2=Timothy R. |publisher=Elsevier Butt ...

...he [[ocean]]. River plumes strongly influence many [[Physics|physical]], [[biological]], and [[Geochemistry|geochemical]] processes in the coastal and shelf sea ...ry for the Fate of Buoyant Coastal Discharges*|journal=Journal of Physical Oceanography|volume=27|issue=7|pages=1386–1401|doi=10.1175/1520-0485(1997)027<1386:astft ...

...onships with dissolved organic carbon and phosphorus|journal=Limnology and Oceanography|language=en|volume=48|issue=3|pages=1112–1119|doi=10.4319/lo.2003.48.3.1112 ...gross primary production (GPP) and the dissipation of this energy through biological carbon oxidation is termed ecosystem respiration (ER). High-frequency (e.g. ...

...=10.1086/282727|bibcode=1971ANat..105..295R |s2cid=84513946}}</ref> Both [[Biological dispersal|dispersal]] variance and migration probabilities are variables in ...Indicate a Small-Scale Isolation-by-Distance Pattern|journal=Limnology and Oceanography|date=2007|volume=52|issue=2|pages=676–684|doi=10.4319/lo.2007.52.2.0676|bib ...

...46...85G|issn=0009-2541}}</ref> The ratio between these isotopes varies in biological organisms due to metabolic processes that selectively use one carbon isotop ...rd]].<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite journal|date=March 1977|title=Biological Oceanography|journal=The American Biology Teacher|volume=39|issue=3|pages=186|doi=10.230 ...