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...arted, or the time since a particular event occurred in the program. Those clocks are used in the definition of [[timed automaton]], [[signal automaton]], [[ ...re synchronized. That means that the difference in value between two fixed clocks is constant until one of them is restarted. In the language of electronics, ...

...roduced and compared to constants. Formally, given a set <math>X</math> of clocks, {{clarify span|MTL|reason=Should be 'TPTL'? MTL is discussed in a later se ...ator <math>x.\phi</math>, for <math>\phi</math> a TPTL formula with set of clocks <math>X\cup\{x\}</math>. ...

...vior of <math> M </math> can be referred to [[Behavior of DEVS|behavior of atomic DEVS]] which is based on [[Timed Event System]]. Similar to [[Behavior of DEVS|behavior of atomic DEVS]], behavior of the Coupled DEVS class is described depending on defini ...

...nd emerging atomic and quantum technologies, such as [[Atomic clock|atomic clocks]], [[Quantum computing|quantum computers]], and [[Quantum sensor|quantum se where <math>\Gamma</math> is the natural linewidth of the atomic transition. ...

...is known as the Ramsey–Bordé interferometer. Bordé's main idea was to use atomic recoil to create a [[beam splitter]] of different geometries for an atom-wa === Atomic clocks and the SI definition of the second === ...

...omte|first5=Steve|title=Lifetime assessment of RbN₃-filled MEMS atomic vapor cells with Al₂O₃ coating|journal=Optics Express ...

{{Short description|Effect that limits performance of advanced atomic clocks}} ...tons available. In so doing, the&nbsp;effect degrades the stability of the atomic clock and places new and stringent demands on LO performance. ...

...to be measured in dependence on the magnetic field.<ref>Edward Gerjuoy: ''Atomic physics'', In: H. Henry Stroke (ed.): ''The Physical Review—the First Hundr ...hysics}}</ref> Instead, single photon was stored as excitation of the same atomic energy level, but this time two groups of atoms with different velocities h ...

...und radiation|CMB]]) and using the clocks of this frame to synchronize the clocks in all other frames ("absolute" synchronization). ..., G. | title = Test of relativistic time dilation with fast optical atomic clocks at different velocities| journal=Nature Physics|volume = 3| issue = 12| pag ...

...contains corrections for these errors and estimates of the accuracy of the atomic clock. However, they are based on observations and may not indicate the clo ...n introduced by general relativity is [[gravitational time dilation]]: the clocks located deeper in the gravitational potential well (i.e. closer to the attr ...

...ow to generate new constraints from existing constraints. For each pair of clocks <math>x_1</math> and <math>x_2</math>, the DBM has a constraint of the form ...ure to encode atomic constraints. Furthermore, we introduce an algebra for atomic constraints. This algebra is similar to the [[tropical semiring]], with two ...

'''Quartz clocks''' and '''quartz watches''' are timepieces that use an [[electronic oscilla ...s became the world's most widely used timekeeping technology, used in most clocks and [[watch]]es as well as computers and other appliances that keep time. ...

...ment|measured]] independently of a convention as to how to synchronize the clocks at the source and the [[detector]]. What can however be experimentally meas ...easure the speed of light, but rather compare two internal frequencies or clocks. Therefore, such experiments are sometimes called "clock anisotropy experim ...

Before there were clocks, time was measured by those physical processes<ref>For example, [[Galileo]] ...definition is based on the operation of a caesium [[atomic clock]]. These clocks became practical for use as primary reference standards after about 1955, a ...

...a measure for risk of catastrophic destruction|Doomsday Clock|other topics|Atomic Clock (disambiguation)}} ...ve Jefferts (foreground) and Tom Heavner with the NIST-F2 caesium fountain atomic clock, a civilian time standard for the United States]] ...

...radiative lifetime of atomic lithium and is used as a benchmark for atomic clocks and measurements of fundamental constants. ...than the molecular ''ab initio'' points themselves because it is based on atomic ''ab initio'' calculations rather than molecular ones, and because features ...

...]] and later in the 1930s when [[quartz clock]]s began to replace pendulum clocks as time standards.{{sfn|McCarthy|Seidelmann|2009|loc=ch. 9}} ...re stable time indicators: specifically, the motion of planets, and atomic clocks. ...

...o fluctuations on a shorter scale of time. Exact measurements of time by [[atomic clock]]s and [[satellite laser ranging]] have revealed that the LOD is subj ...

...strial searches include [[time of flight]] measurements using synchronized clocks, and direct comparison of neutrino speed with the speed of other particles. ...he MINOS near- and far detector, apart from each other by 734&nbsp;km. The clocks of both stations were synchronized by [[GPS]], and long [[optical fiber]]s ...

===Atomic filters=== ...requencies and greater precision, the vibrations of atoms must be used. [[Atomic clock]]s use [[caesium]] [[maser]]s as ultra-high ''Q'' filters to stabiliz ...