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...rect measurement of pollutant concentration is not feasible because direct measurement sometimes requires skilled professionals and complex, expensive laboratory ...n on a number of parameters including the air exchange rate, [[Deposition (Aerosol physics)|deposition rate]], source emission rate, and physical volume of th ...

...s with particle deposition from liquids, but similar process occurs when [[aerosol]]s or [[dust]] deposit from the gas phase. ...h, J. Gregory, X. Jia, R. Williams, ''Particle Deposition and Aggregation: Measurement, Modelling and Simulation'', Butterworth-Heinemann, 1998.</ref> ...

| title = Aerosol Measurements in the Troposphere and Stratosphere | title = Atmospheric Aerosol Observations with Searchlight Probing ...

[[File:Aerosol.png|thumb|Aerosol [[spray can]]]] ====Drop size measurement==== ...

...fixed at specific angular locations. <!--(Figure 1 is a schematic of such measurement wherein all detectors lie in a plane.)--> A discussion of the physical phen ...is of the so-called [[static light scattering|classical light scattering]] measurement. Historically, such measurements were made using a single detector<ref name ...

...makes quantification complicated and considerably limits comparability of measurement results obtained with different instruments. Only in 2016 a patent applicat ...s://zenodo.org/record/1464830 }}</ref> which complicates interpretation of measurement results and comparison between different types of instruments even more. A ...

...]], various kinds of industry [[pollution]], [[Sulfuric acid#Stratospheric aerosol|sulfuric acid particulates]], bird [[feces|droppings]], falling leaves, [[a The ''soiling [[deposition (aerosol physics)|deposition]] rate'' (or ''soiling rate'') is the [[Rate (mathemati ...

...CRDS]], the sensitivity is dependent on the light source stability and the measurement accuracy of the transmitted intensity. ==Measurement Principle IBBCEAS - Detailed Description== ...

...ast11=Proctor|first11=Christopher|date=2019-03-22|title=The North Atlantic Aerosol and Marine Ecosystem Study (NAAMES): Science Motive and Mission Overview|jo ...h methods, including intensive field sampling via research ships, airborne aerosol sampling via airplane, and [[remote sensing]] via satellites. ...

...a blackout. It also includes understanding the damage impact of micrometer aerosol atmospheric particles on the material [[Ablation|erosion]] and heating at ...t2=Rosner |first2=D. E. |date=2000-01-01 |title=Energy transfer between an aerosol particle and gas at high temperature ratios in the Knudsen transition regim ...

...ensional [[rheometer]]s, this technique does not involve active stretch or measurement of stress or strain but exploits only surface tension to create a uniaxial In CaBER experiments, a small amount of sample is placed between two measurement plates, forming an initial cylindrical configuration. The plates are then r ...

...ancer and the levels of VOCs in the environment.<ref>EPA-450/2-78-041 and "Measurement of Volatile Organic Compounds – Supplement 1" (EPA-450/3-82-0m19, July 1982 ...2009 | title = "The formation, properties and impact of secondary organic aerosol " current and emerging issues | journal = Atmos. Chem. Phys. | volume = 9 | ...

...ayleigh scattering]] of [[light]] by air [[molecule]]s, water, dust, and [[aerosol]]s causes the [[diffuse sky radiation|sky's light]] to have a defined polar *''Polarized radiance distribution measurement of skylight.'' Liu Y. & Voss K., 1997, ApOpt, 36, 8753 ...

...| 1000.4<ref>The ASTM G-173 standard measures solar intensity under "rural aerosol loading" i.e. clean air conditions - thus the standard value fits closely t ...com/science/article/B6V50-497T7KC-T/2/c932c2f01c2de3c36c0f461c991f791a The measurement of solar spectral irradiance at different terrestrial elevations], ''Solar ...

== Measurement == Accurate measurement of solar forcing is crucial to understanding possible solar impact on terre ...

{{term|[[aerosol]]}}{{anchor|aerosols}} ...ated by the hydrostatic pressure caused by the weight of the air above the measurement point, and therefore decreases proportionally as altitude increases. The av ...

...se, but the reverse is not the case because any noise in the concentration measurement will be amplified by numeric differentiation. ...oirs under non-steady-state conditions: application to atmospheric SO2 and aerosol sulfate |journal=Tellus |volume=31 |issue=6 |pages=530–547 |doi=10.3402/tel ...

Estimates of lake metabolism typically rely on the measurement of [[Oxygen saturation|dissolved oxygen]] or [[carbon dioxide]], or measure == Measurement techniques == ...

...integration of atmospheric carbon dioxide data into a globally consistent measurement record |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1231364 |url-status=live |journal=J. ...letion]]. Some short-lived gases (e.g. [[carbon monoxide]], [[NOx]]) and [[aerosol]]s (e.g. [[mineral dust]] or [[black carbon]]) are also excluded because of ...

...e=Lellouch_2015/><ref name=Hartig_2015/> evidence of light scattering by [[aerosol]]s (similar to the reddening of rising Sun). However, this feature was abse ...[[planetary boundary layer|boundary layer]]. Its thickness in the place of measurement was 4&nbsp;km, and the temperature was 37±3 K. The layer is not continuous. ...