Search results

{{short description|German physicist}} ...many]] – 13 August 1909 [[Freiburg im Breisgau]], [[Germany]]) was a German [[physics]] teacher. He studied in [[Berlin]] from 1872 to 1875. In 1877 he ...

...>This approach is often favoured by (pure) mathematicians and mathematical physicists.</ref> e.g., the notion, due to [[Bernhard Riemann|Riemann]] and others, th ...al beauty]]), a notion sometimes called "[[Occam's razor]]" after the 13th-century English philosopher [[William of Ockham|William of Occam]] (or Ockham), in ...

In the 19th and 20th centuries, [[Russia]] produced many notable [[List of Russian scie At the start of the 18th century the [[Reforms of Peter I of Russia|reforms of Peter the Great]] (founder of ...

...mbursky (ed. 1974) ''Physical Thought from the Presocratics to the Quantum Physicists'' {{ISBN|0-87663-712-8}}</ref> ...l Sambursky (1974) ''Physical thought from the Presocratics to the Quantum Physicists'' {{ISBN|0-87663-712-8}}</ref> ...

By the first half of the 19th century, the understanding of [[Electromagnetism|electromagnetics]] had improved th ...well's over 20&nbsp;equations into the four recognizable ones which modern physicists use. Maxwell's equations also inspired [[Albert Einstein]] in developing th ...

...th-century English—an overview |url=https://public.oed.com/blog/nineteenth-century-english-an-overview/ |access-date=7 November 2020 |website=Oxford English D ...st=Badash |first=Lawrence |date=1972 |title=The completeness of nineteenth-century science |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdfplus/10.1086/350840 | ...

The adjective ''real'', used in the 17th century by [[René Descartes]], distinguishes real numbers from [[imaginary number]] ...tion was a major development of [[History of mathematics#19th century|19th-century mathematics]] and is the foundation of [[real analysis]], the study of [[re ...

...peared throughout history, including the work of [[Desargues]] in the 17th century, all the way back to the implicit use of [[spherical geometry]] to understa ...the theory of [[manifold]]s and [[Riemannian geometry]]. Later in the 19th century, it appeared that geometries without the [[parallel postulate]] ([[non-Eucl ...

...|Columba]] is a small, faint [[constellation]] named in the late sixteenth century. Its name is [[Latin]] for [[dove]]. It is located just south of [[Canis Ma ...aint constellation in the [[southern sky]], first defined in the late 16th century. Its name means "no feet" in Greek, and it represents a [[bird-of-paradise] ...

...actions. The system became the standard of France and Europe within half a century. Other measures with unity ratios<ref group="Note">ratios of 1 between mag ...ts for length, mass and time. Advances in [[electromagnetism]] in the 19th century necessitated additional units to be defined, and multiple incompatible syst ...

...562]. ([[Macquorn Rankine]] in the same year used the same symbol. The two physicists were in correspondence at the time, so that it is difficult to say which of ...ermodynamic work, the caloric theory was, around the end of the eighteenth century, replaced by the "mechanical" theory of heat, which is accepted today. ...

...ed in December 1938 by chemists [[Otto Hahn]] and [[Fritz Strassmann]] and physicists [[Lise Meitner]] and [[Otto Robert Frisch]]. Fission is a [[nuclear reactio In the last years of the 19th century, scientists frequently experimented with the [[cathode-ray tube]], which by ...

...on has noted that Einstein's reminiscences were probably colored by a half-century of hindsight. Norton lists several problems with Einstein's recounting, bot :2. A 19th century [[Aether theories|aether theorist]] would have had no difficulties with the ...

...teseerx=10.1.1.58.8477 |s2cid=13387519 }}</ref> by [[Paolo Uccello]]. 15th century]] ...List of mathematical artists|Artists have used mathematics]] since the 4th century BC when the Greek [[sculpture|sculptor]] [[Polykleitos]] wrote [[Polykleito ...

[[File:NIST-F2 cesium fountain atomic clock.jpg|thumb|NIST physicists Steve Jefferts (foreground) and Tom Heavner with the NIST-F2 caesium founta ...ectroscopy With Coherent Radiation |series=World Scientific Series in 20th Century Physics |volume=21 |pages=115–127 |publisher=WORLD SCIENTIFIC |doi=10.1142/ ...

...th|'''A'''}}, respectively.<ref>''Eigen'' means "own" in [[German language|German]] and in [[Dutch language|Dutch]].</ref><ref>{{Harvard citations |last1=Bro ...ion involving the [[special unitary group]] SU(3); for their calculations, physicists use a convenient matrix representation known as the [[Gell-Mann matrices]], ...

...ray; Or, Photography of the Invisible and Its Value in Surgery'' (English; German: ''Röntgenstrahlen'', or: ''Die Photographie des Unsichtbaren und ihr Wert The '''history of radiation protection''' begins at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries with the realization that [[ionizing radiation]] from na ...

...ved to Boreham Road, Warminster, where houses were built in the early 19th century.{{R|"Warminster and Westbury Journal 11 July 1903"|"Wiltshire Times 9 Augus ...ere attending the County School.{{R|"Wiltshire Times 28 November 1914"}} [[German invasion of Belgium (1914)|Germany had invaded Belgium]] on 4{{Nbsp}}August ...

..., who made extensive use of this special case of Taylor series in the 18th century.}} ...'''[[Mass number]]'''}}{{defn|defn=The mass number (symbol ''A'', from the German word ''Atomgewicht'' [atomic weight]),<ref>[[Jensen, William B.]] (2005). T ...

...ity]] used in heat transfer calculations. It is named after the eighteenth century French physicist [[Jean-Baptiste Biot]] (1774–1862), and gives a simple ind ...mar |title=Pollution Prevention: The Waste Management Approach to the 21st Century |publisher=CRC Press |year=1999 |isbn=1-56670-495-2 |at=section 27, p. 15}} ...