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...w the study carried out by mathematicians differs from that carried out by physicists.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Lear|first1=Jonathan|title=Aristotle: the desire to ...and this continued in the following centuries (although in the nineteenth century mathematics started to become increasingly independent from physics).<ref n ...

In the 19th and 20th centuries, [[Russia]] produced many notable [[List of Russian scie At the start of the 18th century the [[Reforms of Peter I of Russia|reforms of Peter the Great]] (founder of ...

...th-century English—an overview |url=https://public.oed.com/blog/nineteenth-century-english-an-overview/ |access-date=7 November 2020 |website=Oxford English D ...st=Badash |first=Lawrence |date=1972 |title=The completeness of nineteenth-century science |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdfplus/10.1086/350840 | ...

By the first half of the 19th century, the understanding of [[Electromagnetism|electromagnetics]] had improved th ...well's over 20&nbsp;equations into the four recognizable ones which modern physicists use. Maxwell's equations also inspired [[Albert Einstein]] in developing th ...

{{Short description|British mathematician and logician (1806–1871)}} | nationality = [[United Kingdom|British]] ...

...actions. The system became the standard of France and Europe within half a century. Other measures with unity ratios<ref group="Note">ratios of 1 between mag ...ts for length, mass and time. Advances in [[electromagnetism]] in the 19th century necessitated additional units to be defined, and multiple incompatible syst ...

{{Short description|British quantum physicist (1935–2025)}} | birth_place = [[British rule in Burma|Burma]], [[British India]] ...

|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kt1UAAAAMAAJ}}</ref> <!-- Physicists use [[theory|theories]] to predict measurements of time. What exactly time [[Galileo]], [[Isaac Newton|Newton]], and most people up until the 20th century thought that time was the same for everyone everywhere. This is the basis f ...

...|Columba]] is a small, faint [[constellation]] named in the late sixteenth century. Its name is [[Latin]] for [[dove]]. It is located just south of [[Canis Ma ...aint constellation in the [[southern sky]], first defined in the late 16th century. Its name means "no feet" in Greek, and it represents a [[bird-of-paradise] ...

| otherunits = [[British thermal unit]], [[calorie]] ...pplied branches of engineering use other, traditional units, such as the [[British thermal unit]] (BTU) and the [[calorie]]. The standard unit for the rate of ...

...on has noted that Einstein's reminiscences were probably colored by a half-century of hindsight. Norton lists several problems with Einstein's recounting, bot :2. A 19th century [[Aether theories|aether theorist]] would have had no difficulties with the ...

{{Use British English|date=November 2020}} ...y School. In 1923, she graduated from the [[University of Bristol]] with [[British undergraduate degree classification#First Class Honours|First Class Honours ...

...teseerx=10.1.1.58.8477 |s2cid=13387519 }}</ref> by [[Paolo Uccello]]. 15th century]] ...List of mathematical artists|Artists have used mathematics]] since the 4th century BC when the Greek [[sculpture|sculptor]] [[Polykleitos]] wrote [[Polykleito ...

{{use British English|date=June 2020}} ...ed in December 1938 by chemists [[Otto Hahn]] and [[Fritz Strassmann]] and physicists [[Lise Meitner]] and [[Otto Robert Frisch]]. Fission is a [[nuclear reactio ...

...[[history of Islam]], traditionally dated from the 8th century to the 13th century.<ref name=Saliba>{{cite book|last=Saliba |first=George |author-link=George ...phor of a [[Golden age (metaphor)|golden age]] began to be applied in 19th-century literature about [[Islamic history]], in the context of the western aesthet ...

The '''history of radiation protection''' begins at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries with the realization that [[ionizing radiation]] from na ...relessly, increasing awareness of the dangers of [[radiation]] in the 20th century led to the implementation of various preventive measures worldwide, resulti ...

...of the House of Representatives to honor the life and achievements of 19th Century Italian-American inventor Antonio Meucci, and his work in the invention of ...Amati/Amaticello.html|title=Violoncello by Andrea Amati, Cremona, Mid-16th Century|website=collections.nmmusd.org|access-date=2019-11-05}}</ref> ...

..., who made extensive use of this special case of Taylor series in the 18th century.}} ...efn|defn=Molding ([[American English]]) or ''moulding'' ([[British English|British]] and [[Commonwealth English]]; see [[spelling differences]]) is the proces ...