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{{Short description|Economic Model}} ...ered as a physical capacity constraint which is the same at all prices (as in [[Francis Ysidro Edgeworth|Edgeworth]]'s work), or to vary with price under ...

...is case, each firm believes that the other will imitate exactly any change in output it makes, which leads (with constant [[marginal cost]]) to the firms ==History== ...

...''. Review of Economic Studies, 51(4):683–692, 1984.</ref> In other words, in a series of repeated head-to-head matchups, voters will (on average) prefer ...reto efficiency]].<ref name="BrBr19a">F. Brandl and F. Brandt. [http://dss.in.tum.de/files/brandt-research/welfare.pdf Arrovian Aggregation of Convex Pre ...

.../Pages/workingpapers/wpabst96.aspx Cunningham, Alastair, ”Measurement Bias in Price Indexes: An Application to the UKs RPI”] {{Webarchive|url=https://web ...how that there is a huge dispersion in ICT deflators in [[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]] (OECD) and European countries, accordingly. ...

...s) (2009) ''The Methodology and Practice of Econometrics - A Festschrift in Honour of David F. Hendry'' {{ISBN|978-0-19-923719-7}}.</ref> ...dels allow to perform calculations for the situations that are not covered in the data being analyzed, so called '''counterfactual analysis''' (for examp ...

...which plagued the Confederacy until the end of the war. Military setbacks in the field also played a role by causing loss of confidence and by fueling i ...lity, and as long as the voluntary embargo and the Union blockade remained in place, it was impossible to find adequate alternative sources of finance.<r ...

...ocks is done from "composites" that are point measures of the grade of ore in the rock. Several different mathematical methods can be used to do the esti ...s a [[Voronoi diagram]] composed of [[polygons]] each with a unique grade; in three dimensions this method generates a [[Voronoi diagram]] composed of [[ ...

{{Short description|Economic theory}} ...| title = Efficiency Wage Models of Unemployment | journal = The American Economic Review | volume = 74 | issue = 2 | pages = 200–205 | year = 1984 }}</ref> ...

...time]], meaning players’ actions and outcomes evolve smoothly rather than in discrete steps,<ref>{{Citation |last=Van Long |first=N. |title=Differential ...ast3=Tembine |first3=Hamidou |date=2017-09-27 |title=Mean-Field-Type Games in Engineering |url=http://www.aimspress.com/ElectrEng/2017/1/18 |url-status=d ...

...e most famous problems in [[location theory]]. It requires finding a point in the plane that minimizes the sum of the transportation costs from this poin ...een used for the unweighted geometric median problem. The Weber problem is in turn generalized by the [[attraction–repulsion problem]], which allows some ...

...ogramme in the [[United Kingdom]]. The funding for the project was cut off in the early 1980s after oil supplies rebounded and the UK government moved aw ==History== ...

{{short description|Umbrella term in the business world}} ...codetermination]], and other mechanisms which employees use to participate in their firm's decision making and financial results. ...

{{Short description|Centralized investment and economic input decision-making model under Leninist states}} {{Missing information|similarities and differences of Soviet-style planning in Eastern Bloc countries outside the Soviet Union|date=March 2019}} ...

{{short description|Overview of unemployment in the United Kingdom}} ...y, 'Will Robots Automate Your Job Away? Full Employment, Basic Income, and Economic Democracy' (2018) [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3044 ...

...on|American academic, scholar of Gandhi and non-violence, justice advocate in India and America}} ...retirement, his work centers around social change, political science, and history. ...

...ead to many other sectors and pricing contexts, including yield management in other travel industry sectors, media, retail, manufacturing and distributio Pricing science work is effectuated in a variety of ways, from strategic advice on pricing on defining segments fo ...

{{Not to be confused with|Marxism}}{{Short description|School of economic thought}} ...objectives, needs, and political conditions of the socialist construction in the Soviet Union, contributing to the development of Soviet [[Political eco ...

...Dirk de Graaf''' (born 1958) is a Dutch [[Sociology|sociologist]] working in [[Nuffield College, Oxford|Nuffield College]], [[University of Oxford]].<re ...and Sciences|Royal Netherlands Academy]] (1990-1995) and a full Professor in Sociology at [[Radboud University Nijmegen|Nijmegen University]] (2001-2007 ...

...dity causes more harm than good, leading to a decrease in overall utility. In contrast, positive marginal utility indicates that every additional unit co ...or utility than the subsequent units, and there is a continuing reduction in satisfaction or utility for greater amounts. As consumption increases, the ...

...largest [[market capitalization|market capitalisation]] and share turnover in the [[PSI Geral]], the general stock market of the Lisbon exchange. It is o ==History== ...