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...chanics]], a '''Kepler orbit''' (or '''Keplerian orbit''', named after the German astronomer [[Johannes Kepler]]) is the motion of one body relative to anoth ...circular [[geocentricism|geocentric]] paths as taught by the ancient Greek philosophers [[Aristotle]] and [[Ptolemy]]. Variations in the motions of the planets wer ...

...some precursors of the concept can perhaps be seen in the work of medieval philosophers and mathematicians such as [[Oresme]]. ...ded a function as being defined by an [[analytic expression]]. In the 19th century, the demands of the rigorous development of [[mathematical analysis|analysi ...

...ermodynamic work, the caloric theory was, around the end of the eighteenth century, replaced by the "mechanical" theory of heat, which is accepted today. === 17th century–early 18th century === ...

...peared throughout history, including the work of [[Desargues]] in the 17th century, all the way back to the implicit use of [[spherical geometry]] to understa ...the theory of [[manifold]]s and [[Riemannian geometry]]. Later in the 19th century, it appeared that geometries without the [[parallel postulate]] ([[non-Eucl ...

...|Columba]] is a small, faint [[constellation]] named in the late sixteenth century. Its name is [[Latin]] for [[dove]]. It is located just south of [[Canis Ma ...aint constellation in the [[southern sky]], first defined in the late 16th century. Its name means "no feet" in Greek, and it represents a [[bird-of-paradise] ...

...teseerx=10.1.1.58.8477 |s2cid=13387519 }}</ref> by [[Paolo Uccello]]. 15th century]] ...List of mathematical artists|Artists have used mathematics]] since the 4th century BC when the Greek [[sculpture|sculptor]] [[Polykleitos]] wrote [[Polykleito ...

...me more mathematical as a discipline throughout the first half of the 20th century, but introduction of new and generalized techniques in the period around th ...lysis dates back to the 17th century. Then, mainly in [[Holy Roman Empire|German]] universities, a style of instruction emerged which dealt specifically wit ...

==Recorded history before 12th century== ...Oxford|access-date=14 October 2014|url=http://www.visitoruk.com/Oxford/8th-century-T4311.html}}</ref> ...

...m, as well as to various movements of the late 19th century and early 20th century such as [[Luminism (American art style)|American]], [[Belgium|Belgian]], an ...lso the variant of the urban landscape, frequent especially since the 20th century, in which a factor to take into account is the artificial illumination of t ...

...of the House of Representatives to honor the life and achievements of 19th Century Italian-American inventor Antonio Meucci, and his work in the invention of ...Amati/Amaticello.html|title=Violoncello by Andrea Amati, Cremona, Mid-16th Century|website=collections.nmmusd.org|access-date=2019-11-05}}</ref> ...