File:PSM V18 D029 The violle actinometer.jpg

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    English: The Violle actinometer
    Русский: Актинометр (Violle)
    Français : L’actinomètre de Jules Violle sert à déterminer approximativement la température de la surface du Soleil. Jules Violle (1841-1923) était un physicien connu pour ses travaux sur la photométrie, le rayonnement et la calorimétrie. Il publia de nombreux articles sur la détermination de la température effective de la surface du soleil. Sa détermination de la constante solaire à l'aide d'un actinomètre, le conduisit même à faire plusieurs expériences au sommet du Mont Blanc ( 1871-1875).

    L'appareil se compose de deux sphères concentriques entre lesquelles on peut soit y placer de la glace, soit faire circuler un courant d’eau chaude ou froide, ou même de la vapeur d’eau, afin d’assurer une température constante de l’enveloppe intérieure. Les deux enveloppes possèdent deux ouvertures sur un même axe permettant aux rayons solaires de traverser l’appareil. Un thermomètre se place au centre de la sphère intérieur par un orifice prévu à cet effet et son bon positionnement peut être vérifié à l’aide d’un miroir fixé sur le support de l'actinomètre et placé à la sortie .

    Source : [http://cst.univ-rennes1.fr/themes/lieuxCulture/Les+collections+d%27instruments+de+physique/Les+objets+pr%C3%A9cieux/AutresInstruments/Actinometre/ Olympe Jouet, Axelle Amon, Dominique Bernard Jules Violle’s Actinometer: A Simple Instrument to Deduce the Temperature of the Sun from

    Measurements with a Thermometer, XXX Scientific Instrument Symposium, Florence, 2010]
    Date between 1880 and 1881
    date QS:P,+1880-00-00T00:00:00Z/8,P1319,+1880-00-00T00:00:00Z/9,P1326,+1881-00-00T00:00:00Z/9
    Source Popular Science Monthly Volume 18
    Author Unknown authorUnknown author
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