library(tidyverse)

df <- tribble(
  ~country, ~LE,  ~HALE,
  "Japan",        84.5, 73.6,
  "South Korea",  83.7, 72.5,
  "Spain",        83.1, 71.7,
  "Italy",        83.0, 71.4,
  "Australia",    82.6, 70.3,
  "Israel",       82.6, 71.5,
  "France",       82.5, 70.7,
  "UAE",          81.4, 69.7,
  "UK",           81.2, 69.7,
  "Germany",      81.0, 69.4,
  "USA",          78.7, 66.0,
  "Colombia",     78.0, 67.9,
  "Iran",         77.8, 66.6,
  "Turkey",       77.6, 67.2,
  "China",        77.3, 68.5,
  "Argentina",    77.0, 66.9,
  "Saudi Arabia", 76.9, 66.2,
  "Thailand",     76.9, 67.1,
  "Algeria",      76.5, 66.1,
  "Mexico",       75.8, 65.5,
  "Brazil",       75.5, 64.5,
  "Bangladesh",   74.0, 64.0,
  "Vietnam",      73.7, 65.4,
  "Russia",       73.2, 63.7,
  "Ukraine",      73.0, 63.5,
  "Iraq",         72.9, 62.4,
  "Egypt",        71.6, 62.5,
  "Indonesia",    71.4, 63.3,
  "India",        70.7, 60.9,
  "Sudan",        69.5, 60.1,
  "Philippines",  69.4, 61.3,
  "Ethiopia",     68.8, 59.9,
  "Myanmar",      68.8, 60.7,
  "Pakistan",     67.0, 57.8,
  "Tanzania",     66.8, 58.3,
  "Kenya",        66.5, 58.2,
  "Uganda",       66.1, 57.5,
  "South Africa", 65.8, 56.3,
  "Nigeria",      63.1, 54.8,
  "DR Congo",     61.8, 53.5
) |>
  mutate(
    country = factor(country, levels = country),
    disability = LE - HALE
  )

plot_df <- df |>
  select(country, HALE, disability) |>
  pivot_longer(
    cols = c(disability,HALE),
    names_to = "component",
    values_to = "years"
  ) |>
  mutate(
    component = factor(
      component,
      levels = c( "disability", "HALE"),
      labels = c("LE with disability","HALE")
    )
  )

base_size <- 5
base_text <- 15

core_plot <- ggplot(plot_df, aes(x = country, y = years, fill = component)) +
  geom_col(width = 0.9, color = "black", linewidth = 0.25) +
  geom_text(
    data = df,
    aes(x = country, y = HALE - 1.3, label = sprintf("%.1f", HALE)),
    inherit.aes = FALSE,
    color = "white",
    fontface = "bold",
    size = base_size
  ) +
  geom_text(
    data = df,
    aes(x = country, y = LE - 1.2, label = sprintf("%.1f", LE)),
    inherit.aes = FALSE,
    color = "black",
    size = base_size
  ) +
  scale_fill_manual(
    values = c("HALE" = "green4", "LE with disability" = "orange"),
    breaks = c("HALE", "LE with disability")
  ) +
  scale_y_continuous(
    limits = c(0, 90),
    breaks = seq(0, 80, 10),
    minor_breaks = seq(0, 90, 5),
    sec.axis = dup_axis()
  ) +
  labs(
    title = "Life expectancy (LE) and healthy life expectancy (HALE) in some countries of the world in 2019",
    x = NULL,
    y = NULL,
    fill = NULL
  ) +
  theme_minimal(base_size = base_text) +
  theme(
    plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5, size = base_text),
    axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, vjust = 0.5, hjust = 1, color = "black"),
    axis.text.y = element_text(color = "black"),
    panel.grid.major.x = element_blank(),
    panel.grid.minor.x = element_blank(),
    panel.grid.major.y = element_line(color = "grey75", linewidth = 0.4),
    panel.grid.minor.y = element_line(color = "grey90", linewidth = 0.3),
    panel.border = element_rect(color = "grey30", fill = NA, linewidth = 0.5),
    legend.position = c(0.93, 0.97),
    legend.justification = c("right", "top"),
    legend.background = element_rect(color = "grey80", fill = "white"),
    legend.key.size = unit(1, "lines"),
    plot.margin = margin(5, 5, 5, 5)
  )

ggsave(
  filename = "healthy_life_expectancy_bar_chart_redone.svg",
  plot = core_plot,
  width = 22/1.1,
  height = 9/1.1,
  dpi = 300
)