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...on in economics|the similarly-named equation in physics|Rosser's equation (physics)}} ...quation''' (named after [[J. Barkley Rosser, Jr.]]) calculates future US [[Social Security Administration]] Trust Fund balances and payments as the ratio of ...

...jdModelSketch.svg|300px|thumbnail|right|Sketch of the 2 updating rules, '''social validation''' (top panel) and '''discord destroys''' (bottom panel), assumi ...about opinion dynamics. The Sznajd model implements a phenomenon called [[social validation]] and thus extends the [[Ising spin model]]. In simple words, th ...

{{Short description|Social learning process}} ...Jayati |last3=Srinivasa |first3=Srinath |title=Social Informatics |chapter=Social Capital as Engagement and Belief Revision |date=2020 |editor-last=Aref |edi ...

...expect more balanced foundations for this article, drawing from sources in social geography, economics and the like. In economics for instance, the literatur ...es or [[Wave propagation|waves travel]] through vacuum. The model in the [[social science]] describes the flows of people between different locations. Daily ...

...eveloped to formalize problems arising in the study of various natural and social phenomena, and has close ties to the theories of [[optimal control]] and [[ Many systems, organizations, and networks arising in biology and the social sciences do not evolve in a deterministic way, nor even in a stochastic way ...

{{Short description|Graph modeling collaboration in a social network}} ...Sciences]], 1979. {{ISBN|0-89766-028-5}}</ref> is a graph modeling some [[social network]] where the vertices represent participants of that network (usuall ...

According to its creator, this law can be used to value any network be it [[social network]]s, [[computer network]]s, [[support group]]s and even the [[Intern ...ffered to its customers. If the pizza delivery service shut down, then the social value generated by its deliveries declines, and people will either go hungr ...

...average, to any other.<ref name="Fish84a">P. C. Fishburn. ''Probabilistic social choice based on simple voting comparisons''. Review of Economic Studies, 51 ...orcet-consistency, and independence of clones.<ref name="Bran13a" /> The [[social welfare function]] that top-ranks maximal lotteries has been uniquely chara ...

...measure the relative degree of influence of an actor (or node) within a [[social network]].<ref name="katz1953" /> Unlike typical centrality measures which [[File:Katz example net.png|thumb|500px|right|A simple social network: the nodes represent people or actors and the edges between nodes r ...

...[[stock market crash]]es in economic systems, and [[cascading failure]] in physics infrastructure networks. The models capture some essential properties of su ...ki|first3=B.K|last4=Korniss|first4=G.|title=Threshold-limited spreading in social networks with multiple initiators|journal=Scientific Reports |year=2013|doi ...

...=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://www.springer.com/gb/book/9780387940243|title=Physics of Semiconductors|last1=Sapoval|first1=B.|last2=Hermann|first2=C.|date=1995 ...and the valence-band light-hole effective mass in GaInAsP|journal=Applied Physics Letters|volume=38|issue=6|pages=450–452|doi=10.1063/1.92393|doi-access=free ...

...applications have expanded to include [[chemometrics]], [[agriculture]], [[social network analysis]] and the [[food industry]].<ref name=Bro1998> ..., <math>{\bf a}\in {\mathbb C}^{I_0}</math> is a [[Vector (mathematics and physics)|vector]] or data point that is stored in a ''one-way array'' data structur ...

...ement Journal |language=English |issn=0001-4273 |oclc=8163488129}}</ref> [[social media]] networks, networks of scientific collaboration,<ref>{{Cite journal ...troduction to exponential random graph models for social networks |journal=Social Networks|volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=173–191 |doi=10.1016/j.socnet.2006.08.00 ...

...ols for modeling real-world systems across a variety of domains, including social networks, transportation systems, biological networks, and the internet. By ...is generated in formats naturally suited to graph representations—such as social media interactions, communication networks, and knowledge graphs—organizati ...

...n |first=Mark |date=2009 |title=Determinism and the Mystery of the Missing Physics |journal=The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science |volume=60 |issu ...ifferential equation]]s), or in violation of the principles of [[symmetry (physics)|physical symmetry]], or that it is somehow in some other way "unphysical", ...

|journal = Nature Physics |arxiv= physics/0602134|bibcode= 2006NatPh...2..110C|s2cid = 2418153 ...

{{Draft topics|biography|physics|space}} ...Institute for Astronomy, part of the [[University of Sydney]]'s School of Physics. ...

...based on information-theoretic approaches in time series analysis|journal=Physics Reports|date=1 March 2007|volume=441|issue=1|pages=1–46|doi=10.1016/j.physr ...e="Greg">{{cite conference |arxiv=1110.2724|title= Information transfer in social media|last1= Ver Steeg |first1= Greg|last2=Galstyan|first2= Aram |year= 2 ...

...mage analysis]] (for feature identification) and for the segmentation of [[social network]]s. ...Convergence of the Graph Allen–Cahn Scheme |journal=Journal of Statistical Physics |language=en |volume=167 |issue=3 |pages=934–958 |doi=10.1007/s10955-017-17 ...

...direct.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165489616300397 |journal=Mathematical Social Sciences |language=en |volume=83 |pages=11–19 |doi=10.1016/j.mathsocsci.201 ...ains the World: A Guide to the Power of Numbers, from Car Repair to Modern Physics |publisher=Smithsonian Books |year=2008 |isbn=9780061241765 |location=New Y ...