Search results

...tional to optical power; so a 20 dB SNR may mean either 10:1 or 100:1 optical power, depending on which definition is in use. ...uare of this value if the signal and noise are viewed as amplitudes (field quantities).{{explain|date=March 2021}} ...

{{About|optical depth in astrophysics|optical depth in general|optical depth}} ...deed, <math>\tau</math> is able to show the relationship between these two quantities and can lead to a greater understanding of the [[stellar structure|structur ...

...med (although sometimes the Rayleigh distance it is still given as per the optical convention e.g.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.radartutorial.eu/06.antennas/ [[Category:Optical quantities]] ...

...0</math>) has an intuitive physical interpretation and is also known as '''optical chirality'''. In particular, first, Lipkin observed that if he defined the quantities ...

...ntity for [[Paraxial approximation|paraxial beams]] propagating through an optical system. Given an object at height <math>\bar{y}</math> and an axial ray pas where <math>n</math> is the [[refractive index]]. For a given optical system and specific choice of object height and axial ray, this quantity is ...

[[File:Optical phase space.jpg|thumb|400px|right|Optical phase diagram of a coherent state's distribution across phase space.]] ...of time then the optical phase diagram can show the evolution of a quantum optical system with time. ...

...in Optical fiber? |url=https://www.goseeko.com/blog/what-are-the-losses-in-optical-fiber/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Goseeko blog |language=en-US}}</ref [[Category:Optical quantities]] ...

...o analyze a great variety of [[many-body]] and/or [[quantum optics|quantum-optical]] problems. For example, it is widely applied in [[semiconductor quantum op ...ed the [[cumulants]] that describe probabilistic distributions with as few quantities as possible; he called them ''half-invariants''.<ref name="Lauritzen2002">L ...

...ogen dioxide]]. Typical setups allow for detection limits corresponding to optical depths of 0.0001 along lightpaths of up to typically 15&nbsp;km and thus al ...ifferent paths through the atmosphere and so determine the difference in [[optical depth]] between the two columns (Alternative a solar atlas can be employed, ...

...valent to a [[blackbody]] [[Planck function]] of the temperature at that [[optical depth]]. Deriving various quantities from the grey atmosphere model involves solving an integro-differential equ ...

...ively.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Judd|first=B. R.|journal=Phys. Rev.|title = Optical Absorption Intensities of Rare-Earth Ions|issue=3|doi=10.1103/PhysRev.127.7 ...lasers and optical amplifiers.<ref>{{Cite web |title=One-photon rare earth optical transitions: recent theoretical developments |url=https://digitalcommons.an ...

Responses from photon transport methods can be physical quantities such as [[Absorption (electromagnetic radiation)|absorption]], [[fluence]], ...z axis and hence contribute to the specific absorption or related physical quantities as a [[Dirac delta function]]. Errors will result if absorption due to the ...

...asticity and heat conduction. It also allows a mutual coupling between its optical, heat conduction and continuum mechanics solvers. The software is mainly ap === Optical Scattering === ...

...relatively small perturbations to optics, providing weak effects such as [[optical activity]]. Spatial dispersion and temporal dispersion may occur in the sam ...ism]], spatial dispersion plays a role in a few material effects such as [[optical activity]] and [[doppler broadening]]. Spatial dispersion also plays an imp ...

===Optical microscopy-based techniques=== ...echniques, and obtaining digital cross-sectional photomicrographs using an optical microscope and magnifications between 100 and 2500.<ref name=cann>Michael T ...

...n the image ''X''. Peaks of <math>PS_k(X)</math> indicate relatively large quantities of grains of the corresponding sizes. * [[Optical granulometry]] ...

...s://books.google.com/books?id=qFl1mSZTtIcC&pg=PA588 ''Handbook of infrared optical materials'', by Paul Klocek, p. 588].</ref> The two definitions are [[compl The attenuation coefficient, in turn, is simply related to several other quantities: ...

...s the [[Uncertainty principle|Heisenberg limit]] of sensitivity with fewer optical elements than [[Interferometry|conventional interferometric techniques]]. ...s. Interferometry is a desired platform for precise estimation of physical quantities because of its ability to sense small phase changes. One of the most promin ...

...tereology only works for certain quantities like volume, and not for other quantities). == Total quantities == ...

The implementation requires the calculation of the weighted sums of the quantities <math>F'G,</math> <math>F'F,</math> and <math>(F')^2</math> over the region ...er figuring out the error expression, differentiate it with respect to the quantities to be minimized and set the results zero, yielding a set of linear equation ...