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{{Short description|Ratio of neutrons to protons in an atomic nucleus}} ...larger nuclei must be lower than in stable smaller nuclei where more pairs of protons have appreciable short-range nuclear force attractions. ...

{{short description|Creation of two phases of matter from a single homogenous mixture}} [[File:Phase separation janus particles.svg|thumb|left|Mixing of liquids A and B and subsequent phase separation]] ...

{{Short description|Atoms of different elements with the same number of nucleons}} ...y stable nuclides shown in black; disconnected 'islands' are a consequence of the [[Mattauch isobar rule]].]] ...

...8}}</ref> The lines are produced by transitions from a higher energy level of an electron to a level with [[principal quantum number]] ''n'' = 4. The lin ...rption stellar spectra. However, they are seen in emission in the spectra of Wolf-Rayet stars, as these stars have little or no hydrogen. ...

{{Short description|Rest mass of an atom in its ground state}}{{Infobox quantity ...f 6.015&nbsp;Da) has only 3 neutrons, reducing the atomic weight (average) of lithium to 6.941. ...

{{short description|Atom of helium}} {{About|the physics of atomic helium|other properties of helium|Helium}} ...

{{Short description|Different atoms of the same element}} {{About|the atomic variants of chemical elements|other uses|Isotope (disambiguation)}} ...

...[[atom]] or [[molecule]] by attachment of an [[electron]] to create an ion of the form <chem>A^-</chem>. The reaction is ...[[energy]] and [[momentum]] a third body is required (the [[molecularity]] of the reaction is three). ...

{{Short description|Ionizing radiation particle of two protons and two neutrons}} ...ts environment, the alpha particle becomes a normal (electrically neutral) helium atom {{chem|4|2|He}}. ...

...e points''', such as the [[Freezing point|freezing]] and [[boiling point]] of [[water]]. [[Absolute temperature]] is based on [[thermodynamic]] principl ...a temperature scale is always based on usually a single physical property of a simple thermodynamic system, called a ''thermometer'', that defines a sca ...

{{Short description|Core of an atom; composed of nucleons (protons and neutrons)}} ...example, the [[ground state]]), each nucleon can be said to occupy a range of locations.]] ...

...Various methods are employed to purify and identify the [[radioelement]] of interest through chemical methods and sample measurement techniques. ...active tracer|tracers]], and measure radionuclides in many different types of samples.<ref>Krane, K.S. ''Introductory Nuclear Physics'', 1988, John Wiley ...

...tomic scale]] where quantum effects are prevalent. The best-known examples of macroscopic quantum phenomena are [[superfluidity]] and [[superconductivity ...[[dressed particle|dressed photons]] such as [[Bose–Einstein condensation of polaritons|polaritons]] and in [[laser]] light. Although these media are ve ...

...and gravitational physics. He is a professor emeritus at the [[University of Washington]] in Seattle. ...cts of [[dark matter]] and [[dark energy]], as well as possible violations of the [[equivalence principle]] at small distances. Heckel and his colleagues ...

| alma_mater = [[Saint Petersburg Imperial University]], [[University of Göttingen]] | prizes = {{Hero of Socialist Labour}}, {{Order of Lenin}}, Medal "For Valiant Labour in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945", { ...

...mical concept|"isomerism" of atomic nuclei|nuclear isomer|part of the body of the proarticulates|isomer (Proarticulata)}} ...08 |page=91]}}</ref> ''Isomerism'' refers to the existence or possibility of isomers. ...

...pp, T |author14=Cline, D |author15=Cocolios, T E |year=2013 |title=Studies of pear-shaped nuclei using accelerated radioactive beams |url=https://lirias. == Origins of nuclear shape == ...

...e the combination of atomic nuclei, leading to the release of vast amounts of energy. ...4">{{Cite journal |last=Helander |first=Per |date=2014-07-21 |title=Theory of plasma confinement in non-axisymmetric magnetic fields |url=http://dx.doi.o ...

...Berkeley|UC Berkeley]], [[Cornell University]], [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]], [[Brookhaven National Laboratory]] ...r = [[Pomona College]]<br />[[Dartmouth College]]<br />[[University of California, Berkeley]] ...

...experiment and led the team that carried out the test of the conservation of parity in 1956.]] ...n collaboration with the Low Temperature Group of the US [[National Bureau of Standards]].<ref name="Wu1957" > ...