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...cite web|title=Airline Economics|url=http://www.avjobs.com/history/airline-economics.asp|publisher=AV Jobs|access-date=12 March 2016}}</ref> At a load factor lo The environmental performance of any transport mode improves as the load factor increases. Th ...

...|isbn=9780780310230}}</ref> Trending cyclostationary processes are used in economics to represent time series data that display both periodic behavior and trend ...od-stochastic processes.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sydow |first1=Achim |title=Environmental Systems |volume=II |date=2010 |publisher=EOLSS Publications}}</ref> ...

{{Short description|Concept in economics}} ...ity function''', is used to express [[utility]] in terms of [[consumption (economics)|consumption]] or some other economic variable that a decision-maker is con ...

:C = Concentration of the chemical in the contaminated environmental medium (soil or water) to which the person is exposed. The units are mg/kg :IR_i = Intake rate of the contaminated environmental medium for age bin "i". The units are kg/day for soil and L/day for water. ...

...o Modeling Corner Solutions in Recreation Demand”,Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Volume 37, Issue 1, Pages 85-105, ISSN 0095-0696.</ref> The ...

...ending [[sustainable growth]], while the other termed ''Horror'', ended in environmental collapse and eventual extinction of the population. Subsequent work ([[#gk0 In the basic model it is impossible to avoid or recover from the environmental collapse seen in the ''Horror'' scenario without changes to the model itsel ...

...ms, it is one way of relating [[profit (economics)|profits]] to [[capital (economics)|capital]] invested. ...I) is a principles-based method for measuring extra-financial value (i.e., environmental and social value not currently reflected in conventional financial accounts ...

...at year), by the world [[ecological footprint]] (humanity's [[consumption (economics)|consumption]] of Earth's natural resources for that year), and multiplying ...Overshoot Day. [[Global Footprint Network]], a partner organization of New Economics Foundation, launches a campaign every year for EOD to raise awareness of Ea ...

...tancing, car crashes and pollution |url= |journal=Journal of Environmental Economics and Management |language=en |volume=106 |pages=102427 |doi=10.1016/j.jeem.2 ...

...13-01-01 |work=Encyclopedia of Energy, Natural Resource, and Environmental Economics |pages=268–276 |editor-last=Shogren |editor-first=Jason F. |url=https://lin ...1137/0324021 |issn=0363-0129}}</ref> Today, they also apply to fields like economics and engineering, analyzing competition over resources or the control of mov ...

...pic, lazy but explorers, conservative but opportunist. This is the case of economics, less in finance, where the viability constraints are the scarcity constrai ...ains involving living beings, from biological evolution to economics, from environmental sciences to financial markets, from control theory and robotics to cognitiv ...

...vironmentally extended input–output analysis''' ('''EEIOA''') is used in [[environmental accounting]] as a tool which reflects production and consumption structures ...of the European Union – Concept, Calculation Method, and Results |journal=Environmental Science & Technology |date=3 August 2012 |volume=46 |issue=16 |pages=8903–8 ...

...being placed across estuarine systems. As people have become more aware of environmental issues, they have opposed barrages because of the adverse effects associate == Environmental impact == ...

...]]<ref name="Handwerk">{{cite book|title=Petroleum Refining Technology and Economics|author1=Gary|first=James H.|last2=Handwerk|first2=Glenn E.|publisher=Marcel ...Fuels|last=Beychok|first=Milton R.|date=May 1975|publisher=[[United States Environmental Protection Agency]]|id=EPA-660/2-75-011}}</ref> ...

{{short description|Significant topic in economics}} {{Economics sidebar}} ...

...d the economic structure: an input-output approach. |journal=The Review of Economics and Statistics |volume=52 |page=262-271|doi=10.2307/1926294 |jstor=1926294 ...y poses a challenge for solving the equation. However, the Duchin-Leontief environmental IO model addresses this issue by introducing a simplifying assumption: ...

...ter''', or [[sustainability|sustainable]] [[data center]], is a [[service (economics)|service]] facility which utilizes [[Efficient energy use|energy-efficient] ...asons, the creation of sustainable data centers has become essential in an environmental and a business sense.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.datacenterdynamics.com/ ...

{{short description|Science of value in economics}} ...n the achievements of classical [[political economy]] and neo-classical [[economics]] and has been using the methods of phenomenological science to investigate ...

== Economics and efficiency == == Environmental impacts == ...

...Hugh|first2=Jimmy|last3=Kosma|first3=Theodora|date=November 2002|title=The Economics of Post Conflict Aid.|url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2002/wp02 ...and development aid.<ref name=":0">Shaw, G. K. "How Relevant is Keynesian Economics Today?." Reflections on the Development of Modern Macroeconomics (1997): 55 ...