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{{Short description|English theoretical physicist (1942–2018)}} '''Stephen William Hawking''' (8 January 1942 – 14 March 2018) was an English [[theoretical physics|theoretical physicist]], [[cosmologist]], and author ...

...tions occurred at the beginning of the Mongol [[Yuan dynasty]] in the 13th century, but was later brought back with regional quotas which favored the Mongols [[File:Tripos_exam_1842.jpg|thumb|From the mid 19th century, universities began to institute written examinations to assess the aptitud ...

...''The X-ray; Or, Photography of the Invisible and Its Value in Surgery'' (English; German: ''Röntgenstrahlen'', or: ''Die Photographie des Unsichtbaren und i The '''history of radiation protection''' begins at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries with the realization that [[ionizing radiation]] from natural and ...

...adults. These include the right to vote, run for political office, refuse medical treatment, and sign contracts.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://freechild.org/dis ...stable/41219164 An Experimental Investigation of Age Discrimination in the English Labor Market.] Annals of Economics and Statistics, 99/100, 169–185. {{JSTOR ...

...s Report, 25 February 1993</ref><ref name="RebeccaLeung"/> and a twentieth-century trend toward smaller families in developed countries continued.<ref>{{cite ...adults and children was much smaller than it is in the early twenty-first century. Between 1953 and 2006, adult gains on the vocabulary subtest of the [[Wech ...