1 Kings 5

From testwiki
Revision as of 16:50, 26 November 2024 by imported>Citation bot (Altered chapter. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Spinixster | Category:Pages with numeric Bible version references | #UCB_Category 89/734)
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Template:Short description Template:Bible chapter 1 Kings 5 is the fifth chapter of the Books of Kings in the Hebrew Bible or the First Book of Kings in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn The book is a compilation of various annals recording the acts of the kings of Israel and Judah by a Deuteronomic compiler in the seventh century BCE, with a supplement added in the sixth century BCE.Template:Sfn This chapter belongs to the section focusing on the reign of Solomon over the unified kingdom of Judah and Israel (1 Kings 1 to 11).Template:Sfn The focus of this chapter is the reign of Solomon, the king of Israel.Template:Sfn

Text

This chapter was originally written in the Hebrew language and since the 16th century is divided into 18 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), Aleppo Codex (10th century), and Codex Leningradensis (1008).Template:Sfn

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; 𝔊B; 4th century) and Codex Alexandrinus (A; 𝔊A; 5th century).Template:SfnTemplate:Efn

Old Testament references

Analysis

The first 12 verses of this chapter continue the section of 1 Kings 4:29–34 to form a chiasm:Template:Sfn

A Solomon's wisdom (4:29–34)
B Hiram sends servants to Solomon (5:1)
C Solomon's message to Hiram (5:2–6)
B' Hiram's response to Solomon (5:7–11)
A' Solomon's wisdom (5:12)

Template:Anchor Solomon's contract with Hiram of Tyre (5:1–12)

Israel at the time of David was a lowly developed agrarian country, so Solomon needed foreign help for his building projects, as the rest that eluded his father was finally achieved (2 Samuel 7:1, 10–13).Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn The Phoenicians were suitable partners because of their world-wide trading connections, high cultural standards, and the source of large timber in the mountains of Lebanon. Solomon ordered timber shipments and offered compensation not only for the materials but also for labor. Hiram I's price is the delivery of a large quantity of wheat and oil from Israel.Template:Sfn The discussion between the two kings included the notes of the Davidic covenant and the clarification of why Solomon, not David before him, is the one who built the temple.Template:Sfn

Verse 1

Now Hiram king of Tyre sent his servants to Solomon, because he heard that they had anointed him king in place of his father, for Hiram had always loved David.[2]
  • "Hiram" (Phoenician: 'ahiram): king of the important city of Tyre, was an ally of David (2 Samuel 5:11) and the first to take up relations with Solomon.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn Josephus, citing both Tyrian court records and the writings of Menander, wrote that Hiram lived for 53 years and reigned 34.[3] His regnal years have been calculated from 980 to 947 BCE, in succession to his father, Abibaal, and Hiram was later succeeded as king of Tyre by his son Baal-Eser I.[4]

Template:Anchor Forced labor in Israel (5:13–18)

The massive availability of forced labor from 'all Israel' (cf. 1 Kings 9:20–23) would later be the cause of the kingdom's partition (1 Kings 12).Template:Sfn The Israelite task force sent to Lebanon consisted of 'conscripted workers' from the Canaanite population and 150,000 people of Israel (cf. 1 Kings 4:6).Template:Sfn

Verse 18

So Solomon’s builders, Hiram’s builders, and the Gebalites quarried them; and they prepared timber and stones to build the temple.[5]
  • "Gebalites" ("the stonesquarers" in KJV): people from Byblos (on the coast to the north of Tyre in today's northern Lebanon).Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn
  • "Temple": literally "house"[6]

See also

Template:Columns-list

Notes

Template:Notelist

References

Template:Reflist

Sources

Template:First Book of Kings

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1 Kings 5, Berean Study Bible
  2. ↑ Template:Bibleref2 NKJV
  3. ↑ Against Apion i:17,18.
  4. ↑ Vance, Donald R. (March 1994) "Literary Sources for the History of Palestine and Syria: The Phœnician Inscriptions" The Biblical Archaeologist 57(1) 2–19.
  5. ↑ Template:Bibleref2 NKJV
  6. ↑ Note on 1 Kings 5:18 in NKJV
Retrieved from "https://en.wiki.beta.math.wmflabs.org/w/index.php?title=1_Kings_5&oldid=42034"