Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)

Template:Infobox enzyme In enzymology, a hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH) (Template:EC number) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

(R)-mevalonate + CoA + 2 NADP⁺ $\rightleftharpoons$ (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H⁺

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are (R)-mevalonate, CoA, and NADP⁺, whereas its 3 products are (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA, NADPH, and H⁺.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, to be specific those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor. This enzyme participates in biosynthesis of steroids including cholesterol. The statin class of anticholesterol drugs act through inhibiting this enzyme.

Nomenclature

The systematic name of this enzyme class is (R)-mevalonate:NADP⁺ oxidoreductase (CoA-acylating). Other names in common use include:

• hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate)
• 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase
• β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase
• hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA reductase (NADPH)
• S-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase
• NADPH-hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase
• HMGCoA reductase-mevalonate:NADP-oxidoreductase (acetylating-CoA)
• 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (NADPH)
• hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH₂).

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 12 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes Template:PDB link, Template:PDB link, Template:PDB link, Template:PDB link, Template:PDB link, Template:PDB link, Template:PDB link, Template:PDB link, Template:PDB link, Template:PDB link, Template:PDB link, and Template:PDB link.

References

• Template:Cite journal
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