Carbamoyl phosphate synthase II
Template:Short description Template:Infobox enzyme Template:Protein Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (glutamine-hydrolysing) (Template:EnzExplorer) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reactions that produce carbamoyl phosphate in the cytosol (as opposed to type I, which functions in the mitochondria). Its systemic name is hydrogen-carbonate:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating).[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
In pyrimidine biosynthesis, it serves as the rate-limiting enzyme and catalyzes the following reaction:
- 2 ATP + L-glutamine + HCO3− + H2O 2 ADP + phosphate + L-glutamate + carbamoyl phosphate (overall reaction)
- (1a) L-glutamine + H2O L-glutamate + NH3
- (1b) 2 ATP + HCO3− + NH3 2 ADP + phosphate + carbamoyl phosphate
It is activated by ATP and PRPP[9] and it is inhibited by UTP (Uridine triphosphate)[10] Neither CPSI nor CPSII require biotin as a coenzyme, as seen with most carboxylation reactions.
It is one of the four functional enzymatic domains coded by the CAD gene.[11] It is classified under Template:EC number.
See also
References
External links
Template:Nucleotide metabolism Template:Multienzyme complexes Template:Ligases CO CS and CN Template:Enzymes Template:Portal bar
- ↑ Template:Cite journal
- ↑ Template:Cite journal
- ↑ Template:Cite journal
- ↑ Template:Cite journal
- ↑ Template:Cite journal
- ↑ Template:Cite journal
- ↑ Template:Cite journal
- ↑ Template:Cite journal
- ↑ Template:Cite web
- ↑ Engelking LR. Pyrimidine biosynthesis. Textbook of Veterinary Physiological Chemistry. 2015;:83–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-391909-0.50014-1 Retrieved 1 April 2023
- ↑ Template:Cite journal