View source for Trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase

{{Short description|Class of enzymes}}
{{infobox enzyme
| Name       = trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase
| EC_number  = 1.14.14.91
| CAS_number = 9077-75-2
| GO_code    = 0016710
| image      =
| width      = 
| caption    =  
}}
In [[enzymology]], a '''trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase''' ({{EC number|1.14.14.91}}) is an [[enzyme]] that [[catalysis|catalyzes]] the [[chemical reaction]]

:trans-cinnamate + NADPH + H<sup>+</sup> + O<sub>2</sub> <math>\rightleftharpoons</math> 4-hydroxycinnamate + NADP<sup>+</sup> + H<sub>2</sub>O

The 4 [[substrate (biochemistry)|substrates]] of this enzyme are [[trans-cinnamate]], [[nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate|NADPH]], [[hydrogen ion|H<sup>+</sup>]], and [[oxygen|O<sub>2</sub>]], whereas its 3 [[product (chemistry)|products]] are [[4-hydroxycinnamate]], [[nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate|NADP<sup>+</sup>]], and [[water|H<sub>2</sub>O]]. This enzyme participates in [[phenylalanine metabolism]] and [[phenylpropanoid biosynthesis]].  It employs one [[cofactor (biochemistry)|cofactor]], [[heme]].

This enzyme belongs to the family of [[oxidoreductase]]s, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O<sub>2</sub> as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into the other donor.

== Nomenclature ==

The [[List of enzymes|systematic name]] of this enzyme class is trans-cinnamate,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (4-hydroxylating). Other names in common use include:
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase,
* oxygenase, cinnamate 4-mono-,
* CA4H (gene name), 
* CYP73A1 (gene name),
* cytochrome P450 cinnamate 4-hydroxylase,
* cinnamate 4-hydroxylase,
* cinnamate 4-monooxygenase,
* cinnamate hydroxylase,
* cinnamic 4-hydroxylase,
* cinnamic acid 4-monooxygenase,
* cinnamic acid p-hydroxylase,
* hydroxylase, cinnamate 4-,
* t-cinnamic acid hydroxylase,
* trans-cinnamate 4-hydroxylase, and
* trans-cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase.  
{{Div col end}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== Further reading ==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Potts JR, Weklych R, Conn EE, Rowell J | date = 1974 | title = The 4-hydroxylation of cinnamic acid by [[sorghum]] microsomes and the requirement for cytochrome P-450 | journal = J. Biol. Chem.  | volume = 249 | pages = 5019&ndash;26  | pmid = 4153152 | issue = 16 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Russell DW, Conn EE |author-link2=Eric Conn (biochemist) | date = 1967 | title = The cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase of [[pea]] seedlings | journal = Arch. Biochem. Biophys.  | volume = 122 | pages = 256&ndash;8  | pmid = 4383827 | doi = 10.1016/0003-9861(67)90150-6 | issue = 1 }}
* {{cite journal | author = Petersen M | title = Cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase from cell cultures of the hornwort  ''[[Anthoceros agrestis]]'' | journal = Planta | volume = 217 | issue = 1 | pages = 96–101 |date=May 2003 | pmid = 12721853 | doi = 10.1007/s00425-002-0960-9 }}
{{refend}}

{{Cytochrome P450}}
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[[Category:EC 1.14.13]]
[[Category:NADPH-dependent enzymes]]
[[Category:Heme enzymes]]
[[Category:Enzymes of unknown structure]]


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