View source for Piano key frequencies

{{Short description|none}}
{{More citations needed|date=December 2019}}
This is a list of the [[fundamental frequencies]] in [[hertz]] (cycles per second) of the keys of a modern 88-key standard or 108-key extended [[piano]] in [[Equal temperament#Twelve-tone equal temperament|twelve-tone equal temperament]], with the 49th key, the fifth A (called A<sub>4</sub>), tuned to 440&nbsp;Hz (referred to as [[A440 (pitch standard)|A440]]).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ericweisstein.com/encyclopedias/music/EqualTemperament.html|title=Equal Temperament -- from Eric Weisstein's Treasure Trove of Music|last=Weisstein|first=Eric|website=Eric Weisstein's Treasure Trove of Music|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614131343/http://www.ericweisstein.com/encyclopedias/music/EqualTemperament.html|archive-date=2019-06-14|access-date=2019-12-26}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.yuvalnov.org/temperament/|title=Explaining the Equal Temperament|last=Nov|first=Yuval|website=www.yuvalnov.org|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526025417/https://www.yuvalnov.org/temperament|archive-date=2019-05-26|access-date=2019-12-26}}</ref>  Every octave is made of twelve steps called [[semitones]]. A jump from the lowest semitone to the highest semitone in one octave doubles the [[frequency]] (for example, the fifth A is 440 Hz and the sixth A is 880 Hz). The frequency of a pitch is derived by multiplying (ascending) or dividing (descending) the frequency of the previous pitch by the [[twelfth root of two]] (approximately 1.059463).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> For example, to get the frequency one semitone up from A<sub>4</sub> (A{{music|#}}<sub>4</sub>), multiply 440 Hz by the twelfth root of two. To go from A<sub>4</sub> up two semitones (one [[whole tone]]) to B<sub>4</sub>, multiply 440 twice by the twelfth root of two (or once by the sixth root of two, approximately 1.122462). To go from A<sub>4</sub> up three semitones to C<sub>5</sub> (a [[minor third]]), multiply 440 Hz three times by the twelfth root of two (or once by the fourth root of two, approximately 1.189207). For other tuning schemes, refer to [[musical tuning]].

This list of frequencies is for a theoretically ideal piano. On an actual piano, the ratio between semitones is slightly larger, especially at the high and low ends, where string stiffness causes [[inharmonicity]], i.e., the tendency for the [[harmonic]] makeup of each note to run [[sharp (music)|sharp]]. To compensate for this, octaves are tuned slightly wide, [[stretched octave|stretched]] according to the inharmonic characteristics of each instrument.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pianotechnician.com/tuning.html|title=Information on Piano Tuning|last=Citak|first=Ray|website=www.pianotechnician.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226033129/http://www.pianotechnician.com/tuning.html|archive-date=2019-02-26|access-date=2019-12-26}}</ref> This deviation from equal temperament is called the [[Railsback curve]].

The following equation gives the frequency {{mvar|f}} (Hz) of the {{mvar|n}}<sup>th</sup> key on the idealized standard piano with the 49th key tuned to A<sub>4</sub> at 440 Hz:
:<math>
f(n)  =  \left(\sqrt[12]{2}\,\right)^{n-49} \times 440 \,\text{Hz}\,  =  2^{\frac{n-49}{12}} \times 440 \,\text{Hz}\,
</math>
where {{mvar|n}} is shown in the table below.<ref name=":0" />

Conversely, the key number of a pitch with a frequency {{mvar|f}} (Hz) on the idealized standard piano is:
:<math>
n = 12 \, \log_2\left({\frac{f}{440 \,\text{Hz}}}\right) + 49
</math>

==List==
[[File:Piano Frequencies.svg|frame|alt=Piano Keyboard|An 88-key piano, with the octaves numbered and [[C (musical note)#Middle C|Middle C]] (cyan) and [[A440 (pitch standard)|A440]] (yellow) highlighted]] 
[[File:Piano key frequencies.png|thumb|left|50px|A printable version of the standard key frequencies (only including the 88 keys on a standard piano)]]
{{clear}}
Values in '''bold''' are exact on an idealized standard piano. Keys shaded gray are rare and only appear on extended pianos. The normal 88 keys were numbered 1–88, with the extra low keys numbered 89–97 and the extra high keys numbered 98–108. A 108-key piano that extends from C<sub>0</sub> to B<sub>8</sub> was first built in 2018 by [[Stuart & Sons]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-09-15/worlds-first-108-key-concert-grand-piano-built-by-australian/10246340|title=Australian behind world's grandest piano|last=Wills|first=Oscar|last2=King|first2=Rosie|date=2018-09-15|website=ABC News|language=en-AU|publication-place=Australia|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190611190146/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-09-15/worlds-first-108-key-concert-grand-piano-built-by-australian/10246340|archive-date=2019-06-11|access-date=2019-12-26}}</ref> (Note: these piano key numbers 1-108 are not the {{mvar|n}} keys in the equations or the table.)

<!--PLEASE DO NOT CORRECT THE PIANO KEY NUMBERS; KEYS 89 THROUGH 97 ARE AT THE BOTTOM OF TABLE-->
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
! rowspan="2" width="30px"  |Piano key number
! rowspan="2" width="30px"  |MIDI note number
! rowspan="2" width="150px" |[[Helmholtz pitch notation|Helmholtz]] name<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.flutopedia.com/octave_notation.htm|title=Octave Notation|last=Goss|first=Clint|date=2019-02-18|website=Flutopedia|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190512205909/http://flutopedia.com/octave_notation.htm|archive-date=2019-05-12|access-date=2019-12-26}}</ref>
! rowspan="2" width="140px" |[[Scientific pitch notation|Scientific pitch]] name<ref name=":2" />
! rowspan="2" width="20px"  |{{mvar|n}}
! rowspan="2" width="138px" |Frequency {{mvar|f}}({{mvar|n}}) ([[Hertz|Hz]]) (Equal temperament) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pages.mtu.edu/~suits/notefreqs.html|title=Frequencies of Musical Notes, A4 = 440 Hz|last=Suits|first=Bryan|year=1998|website=Physics of Music — Notes|publisher=[[Michigan Tech University]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191216163453/https://pages.mtu.edu/~suits/notefreqs.html|archive-date=2019-12-16|access-date=2019-12-26}}</ref>
! colspan="6" | Corresponding open strings on other instruments
! colspan="6" | [[Vocal range|Vocal Ranges]]
|--
!width="5%" {{vert header| [[Violin#Tuning|Violin]] }}
!width="6%" {{vert header|[[Viola#Tuning|Viola]]}}
!width="7%" {{vert header|[[Cello#Strings|Cello]]}}
!width="7%" {{vert header|[[Double bass#Tuning|Bass]]}}
!width="9%" {{vert header|[[Guitar tunings|Guitar]]}}
!width="5%" {{vert header|[[Ukulele#Tuning|Ukulele]]}}
!width="5%" {{vert header|Soprano}}
!width="6%" {{vert header|Mezzo-soprano}}
!width="7%" {{vert header|Contralto}}
!width="7%" {{vert header|Tenor}}
!width="9%" {{vert header|Baritone}}
!width="5%" {{vert header|Bass}}
<!--PLEASE DO NOT "CORRECT" THE KEY NUMBERS; KEYS 89 THROUGH 97 ARE AT THE BOTTOM-->
|-
| bgcolor="lightgray" |108
| bgcolor="lightgray" |119
| bgcolor="lightgray" |b′′′′′ 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |B<sub>8</sub>
| bgcolor="lightgray" |99
| bgcolor="lightgray" |7902.133 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|-
| bgcolor="darkslategray" style="color:white"|107
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 118
| bgcolor="lightgray" | a{{music|#}}′′′′′/b{{music|b}}′′′′′
| bgcolor="lightgray" | A{{music|#}}<sub>8</sub>/B{{music|b}}<sub>8</sub>
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 98
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 7458.620
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|-
| bgcolor="lightgray"|106
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 117
| bgcolor="lightgray" | a′′′′′
| bgcolor="lightgray" | A<sub>8</sub>
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 97
| bgcolor="lightgray" |'''7040.000'''
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|-
| bgcolor="darkslategray" style="color:white"|105
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 116
| bgcolor="lightgray" | g{{music|#}}′′′′′/a{{music|b}}′′′′′
| bgcolor="lightgray" | G{{music|#}}<sub>8</sub>/A{{music|b}}<sub>8</sub>
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 96
| bgcolor="lightgray" |6644.875
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|-
| bgcolor="lightgray"|104
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 115
| bgcolor="lightgray" | g′′′′′
| bgcolor="lightgray" | G<sub>8</sub>
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 95
| bgcolor="lightgray" |6271.927
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|-
| bgcolor="darkslategray" style="color:white"|103
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 114
| bgcolor="lightgray" | f{{music|#}}′′′′′/g{{music|b}}′′′′′
| bgcolor="lightgray" | F{{music|#}}<sub>8</sub>/G{{music|b}}<sub>8</sub>
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 94
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 5919.911
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|-
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 102
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 113
| bgcolor="lightgray" | f′′′′′
| bgcolor="lightgray" | F<sub>8</sub>
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 93
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 5587.652
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|-
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 101
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 112
| bgcolor="lightgray" | e′′′′′
| bgcolor="lightgray" | E<sub>8</sub>
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 92
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 5274.041
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|-
| bgcolor="darkslategray" style="color:white" | 100
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 111
| bgcolor="lightgray" | d{{music|#}}′′′′′/e{{music|b}}′′′′′
| bgcolor="lightgray" | D{{music|#}}<sub>8</sub>/E{{music|b}}<sub>8</sub>
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 91
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 4978.032
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|-
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 99
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 110
| bgcolor="lightgray" | d′′′′′
| bgcolor="lightgray" | D<sub>8</sub>
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 90
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 4698.636
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|-
| bgcolor="darkslategray" style="color:white" | 98
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 109
| bgcolor="lightgray" | c{{music|#}}′′′′′/d{{music|b}}′′′′′
| bgcolor="lightgray" | C{{music|#}}<sub>8</sub>/D{{music|b}}<sub>8</sub>
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 89
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 4434.922
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" | 88
|108
|c′′′′′ 5-line [[octave]]
|[[Eighth octave C|C<sub>8</sub>]] Eighth octave
|88
|4186.009
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  87
|107
|b′′′′
|B<sub>7</sub>
|87
|3951.066
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  86
|106
|a{{music|#}}′′′′/b{{music|b}}′′′′
|A{{music|#}}<sub>7</sub>/B{{music|b}}<sub>7</sub>
|86
|3729.310
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  85
|105
|a′′′′
|A<sub>7</sub>
|85
|'''3520.000'''
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  84
|104
|g{{music|#}}′′′′/a{{music|b}}′′′′
|G{{music|#}}<sub>7</sub>/A{{music|b}}<sub>7</sub>
|84
|3322.438
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  83
|103
|g′′′′
|G<sub>7</sub>
|83
|3135.963
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  82
|102
|f{{music|#}}′′′′/g{{music|b}}′′′′
|F{{music|#}}<sub>7</sub>/G{{music|b}}<sub>7</sub>
|82
|2959.955
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  81
|101
|f′′′′
|F<sub>7</sub>
|81
|2793.826
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  80
|100
|e′′′′
|E<sub>7</sub>
|80
|2637.020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  79
|99
|d{{music|#}}′′′′/e{{music|b}}′′′′
|D{{music|#}}<sub>7</sub>/E{{music|b}}<sub>7</sub>
|79
|2489.016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  78
|98
|d′′′′
|D<sub>7</sub>
|78
|2349.318
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  77
|97
|c{{music|#}}′′′′/d{{music|b}}′′′′
|C{{music|#}}<sub>7</sub>/D{{music|b}}<sub>7</sub>
|77
|2217.461
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  76
|96
|c′′′′ 4-line [[octave]]
|C<sub>7</sub> [[Double high C]]
|76
|2093.005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" | 75
|95
|b′′′
|B<sub>6</sub>
|75
|1975.533
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  74
|94
|a{{music|#}}′′′/b{{music|b}}′′′
|A{{music|#}}<sub>6</sub>/B{{music|b}}<sub>6</sub>
|74
|1864.655
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  73
|93
|a′′′
|A<sub>6</sub>
|73
|'''1760.000'''
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  72
|92
|g{{music|#}}′′′/a{{music|b}}′′′
|G{{music|#}}<sub>6</sub>/A{{music|b}}<sub>6</sub>
|72
|1661.219
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  71
|91
|g′′′
|G<sub>6</sub>
|71
|1567.982
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  70
|90
|f{{music|#}}′′′/g{{music|b}}′′′
|F{{music|#}}<sub>6</sub>/G{{music|b}}<sub>6</sub>
|70
|1479.978
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  69
|89
|f′′′
|F<sub>6</sub>
|69
|1396.913
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  68
|88
|e′′′
|E<sub>6</sub>
|68
|1318.510
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  67
|87
|d{{music|#}}′′′/e{{music|b}}′′′
|D{{music|#}}<sub>6</sub>/E{{music|b}}<sub>6</sub>
|67
|1244.508
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  66
|86
|d′′′
|D<sub>6</sub>
|66
|1174.659
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  65
|85
|c{{music|#}}′′′/d{{music|b}}′′′
|C{{music|#}}<sub>6</sub>/D{{music|b}}<sub>6</sub>
|65
|1108.731
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  64
|84
|c′′′ 3-line [[octave]]
|C<sub>6</sub> [[Soprano C]] (High C)
|64
|1046.502
|
|
|
|
|
|
| rowspan="25" {{yes C|}}
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  63
|83
|b′′
|B<sub>5</sub>
|63
|987.7666
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  62
|82
|a{{music|#}}′′/b{{music|b}}′′
|A{{music|#}}<sub>5</sub>/B{{music|b}}<sub>5</sub>
|62
|932.3275
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  61
|81
|a′′
|A<sub>5</sub>
|61
|'''880.0000'''
|
|
|
|
|
|
| rowspan="25" {{yes C|}}
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  60
|80
|g{{music|#}}′′/a{{music|b}}′′
|G{{music|#}}<sub>5</sub>/A{{music|b}}<sub>5</sub>
|60
|830.6094
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  59
|79
|g′′
|G<sub>5</sub>
|59
|783.9909
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  58
|78
|f{{music|#}}′′/g{{music|b}}′′
|F{{music|#}}<sub>5</sub>/G{{music|b}}<sub>5</sub>
|58
|739.9888
|
|
|
|
|
|
| rowspan="25" {{yes C|}}
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  57
|77
|f′′
|F<sub>5</sub>
|57
|698.4565
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  56
|76
|e′′
|E<sub>5</sub>
|56
|659.2551
|E
|E (5 String Viola)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  55
|75
|d{{music|#}}′′/e{{music|b}}′′
|D{{music|#}}<sub>5</sub>/E{{music|b}}<sub>5</sub>
|55
|622.2540
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  54
|74
|d′′
|D<sub>5</sub>
|54
|587.3295
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  53
|73
|c{{music|#}}′′/d{{music|b}}′′
|C{{music|#}}<sub>5</sub>/D{{music|b}}<sub>5</sub>
|53
|554.3653
|
|
|
|
|
|
| rowspan="25" {{yes C|}}
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  52
|72
|c′′ 2-line [[octave]]
|C<sub>5</sub> [[Tenor C]]
|52
|523.2511
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  51
|71
|b′
|B<sub>4</sub>
|51
|493.8833
|
|
|
|
| High B (Optional for 12 String Guitar)
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  50
|70
|a{{music|#}}′/b{{music|b}}′
|A{{music|#}}<sub>4</sub>/B{{music|b}}<sub>4</sub>
|50
|466.1638
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black"  |  49
|69
|a′
| bgcolor="yellow" style="color:black" |A<sub>4</sub> [[A440 (pitch standard) | A440]]
| bgcolor="yellow" style="color:black" |49
| bgcolor="yellow" style="color:black" |'''440.0000'''
|A
|A
| 
|
| High A (Optional)
| A
| rowspan="25" {{yes C|}}
| 
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  48
|68
|g{{music|#}}′/a{{music|b}}′
|G{{music|#}}<sub>4</sub>/A{{music|b}}<sub>4</sub>
|48
|415.3047
|
|
|
| High Ab (12 Single String Bass)
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  47
|67
|g′
|G<sub>4</sub>
|47
|391.9954
|
|
|
|
|
| High G
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  46
|66
|f{{music|#}}′/g{{music|b}}′
|F{{music|#}}<sub>4</sub>/G{{music|b}}<sub>4</sub>
|46
|369.9944
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  45
|65
|f′
|F<sub>4</sub>
|45
|349.2282
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  44
|64
|e′
|E<sub>4</sub>
|44
|329.6276
|
|
|High E (5 String Cello)
|
|High E
|E
| rowspan="25" {{yes C|}}
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  43
|63
|d{{music|#}}′/e{{music|b}}′
|D{{music|#}}<sub>4</sub>/E{{music|b}}<sub>4</sub>
|43
|311.1270
|
|
|
| High Eb (12 String Single String Bass)
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  42
|62
|d′
|D<sub>4</sub>
|42
|293.6648
|D
|D
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  41
|61
|c{{music|#}}′/d{{music|b}}′
|C{{music|#}}<sub>4</sub>/D{{music|b}}<sub>4</sub>
|41
|277.1826
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  40
|60
|c′ 1-line [[octave]]
| bgcolor="skyblue" style="color:black" |C<sub>4</sub> [[C (musical note)#Middle C|Middle C]]
| bgcolor="skyblue" |40
| bgcolor="skyblue" |261.6256
|
|
|
|
|
| C
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  39
|59
|b
|B<sub>3</sub>
|39
|246.9417
|
|
|
|
|B
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  38
|58
|a{{music|#}}/b{{music|b}}
|A{{music|#}}<sub>3</sub>/B{{music|b}}<sub>3</sub>
|38
|233.0819
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  37
|57
|a
|A<sub>3</sub>
|37
|'''220.0000'''
|
|
|A
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  36
|56
|g{{music|#}}/a{{music|b}}
|G{{music|#}}<sub>3</sub>/A{{music|b}}<sub>3</sub>
|36
|207.6523
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  35
|55
|g
|G<sub>3</sub>
|35
|195.9977
|G
|G
|
|
|G
| Low G
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  34
|54
|f{{music|#}}/g{{music|b}}
|F{{music|#}}<sub>3</sub>/G{{music|b}}<sub>3</sub>
|34
|184.9972
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  33
|53
|f
|F<sub>3</sub>
|33
|174.6141
|
|
|
|High F (7 String)
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  32
|52
|e
|E<sub>3</sub>
|32
|164.8138
|
|
|
|High E (5th tuning, 5 String Bass)
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  31
|51
|d{{music|#}}/e{{music|b}}
|D{{music|#}}<sub>3</sub>/E{{music|b}}<sub>3</sub>
|31
|155.5635
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  30
|50
|d
|D<sub>3</sub>
|30
|146.8324
|
|
|D
|
|D
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  29
|49
|c{{music|#}}/d{{music|b}}
|C{{music|#}}<sub>3</sub>/D{{music|b}}<sub>3</sub>
|29
|138.5913
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  28
|48
|c small [[octave]]
|C<sub>3</sub>
|28
|130.8128
|C (5 String)
|C
|
|C (6 string)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  27
|47
|B
|B<sub>2</sub>
|27
|123.4708
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  26
|46
|A{{music|#}}/B{{music|b}}
|A{{music|#}}<sub>2</sub>/B{{music|b}}<sub>2</sub>
|26
|116.5409
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  25
|45
|A
|A<sub>2</sub>
|25
|'''110.0000'''
|
|
|
|A (5th tuning Upright)
|A
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  24
|44
|G{{music|#}}/A{{music|b}}
|G{{music|#}}<sub>2</sub>/A{{music|b}}<sub>2</sub>
|24
|103.8262
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  23
|43
|G
|G<sub>2</sub>
|23
|97.99886
|
|
|G
|G
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  22
|42
|F{{music|#}}/G{{music|b}}
|F{{music|#}}<sub>2</sub>/G{{music|b}}<sub>2</sub>
|22
|92.49861
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  21
|41
|F
|F<sub>2</sub>
|21
|87.30706
| Low F (6 String)
| Low F (6 String)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  20
|40
|E
|E<sub>2</sub>
|20
|82.40689
|
|
|
|
|Low E
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  19
|39
|D{{music|#}}/E{{music|b}}
|D{{music|#}}<sub>2</sub>/E{{music|b}}<sub>2</sub>
|19
|77.78175
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  18
|38
|D
|D<sub>2</sub>
|18
|73.41619
|
|
|
|D
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  17
|37
|C{{music|#}}/D{{music|b}}
|C{{music|#}}<sub>2</sub>/D{{music|b}}<sub>2</sub>
|17
|69.29566
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  16
|36
|C great [[octave]]
|C<sub>2</sub> [[Deep C]]
|16
|65.40639
|
|
|C
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  15
|35
|B͵
|B<sub>1</sub>
|15
|61.73541
|
|
|
|
|Low B (7 string)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  14
|34
|A{{music|#}}͵/B{{music|b}}͵
|A{{music|#}}<sub>1</sub>/B{{music|b}}<sub>1</sub>
|14
|58.27047
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  13
|33
|A͵
|A<sub>1</sub>
|13
|'''55.00000'''
|
|
|
|A
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  12
|32
|G{{music|#}}͵/A{{music|b}}͵
|G{{music|#}}<sub>1</sub>/A{{music|b}}<sub>1</sub>
|12
|51.91309
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  11
|31
|G͵
|G<sub>1</sub>
|11
|48.99943
|
|
|
|G (5th tuning Upright)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  10
|30
|F{{music|#}}͵/G{{music|b}}͵
|F{{music|#}}<sub>1</sub>/G{{music|b}}<sub>1</sub>
|10
|46.24930
|
|
|
|
|Low F{{music|#}} (8 string)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  9
|29
|F͵
|F<sub>1</sub>
|9
|43.65353
|
|
|Low F (6 String)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  8
|28
|E͵
|E<sub>1</sub>
|8
|41.20344
|
|
|
|E
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  7
|27
|D{{music|#}}͵/E{{music|b}}͵
|D{{music|#}}<sub>1</sub>/E{{music|b}}<sub>1</sub>
|7
|38.89087
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  6
|26
|D͵
|D<sub>1</sub>
|6
|36.70810
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  5
|25
|C{{music|#}}͵/D{{music|b}}͵ 
|C{{music|#}}<sub>1</sub>/D{{music|b}}<sub>1</sub>
|5
|34.64783
|
|
|
|
| Low C#(9 String)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  4
|24
|C͵ contra-[[octave]]
|C<sub>1</sub> Pedal C
|4
|32.70320
|
|
|
|C (Upright Extension or 5th tuning)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  3
|23
|B͵͵
|B<sub>0</sub>
|3
|30.86771
|
|
|
|B (5 string)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="black" style="color:white" |  2
|22
|A{{music|#}}͵͵/B{{music|b}}͵͵
|A{{music|#}}<sub>0</sub>/B{{music|b}}<sub>0</sub>
|2
|29.13524
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="white" style="color:black" |  1
|21
|A͵͵
|A<sub>0</sub>
|1
|'''27.50000'''
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| bgcolor="darkslategray" style="color:white" | 97
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 20
| bgcolor="lightgray" | G{{music|#}}͵͵/A{{music|b}}͵͵
| bgcolor="lightgray" | G{{music|#}}<sub>0</sub>/A{{music|b}}<sub>0</sub>
| bgcolor="lightgray" |0
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 25.95654
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | Low G# (10 String)
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|-
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 96
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 19
| bgcolor="lightgray" | G͵͵
| bgcolor="lightgray" | G<sub>0</sub>
| bgcolor="lightgray" | -1
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 24.49971
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|-
| bgcolor="darkslategray" style="color:white" | 95
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 18
| bgcolor="lightgray" | F{{music|#}}͵͵/G{{music|b}}͵͵
| bgcolor="lightgray" | F{{music|#}}<sub>0</sub>/G{{music|b}}<sub>0</sub>
| bgcolor="lightgray" | -2
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 23.12465
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|-
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 94
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 17
| bgcolor="lightgray" | F͵͵
| bgcolor="lightgray" | F<sub>0</sub>
| bgcolor="lightgray" | -3
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 21.82676
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|-
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 93
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 16
| bgcolor="lightgray" | E͵͵
| bgcolor="lightgray" | E<sub>0</sub>
| bgcolor="lightgray" | -4
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 20.60172
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|-
| bgcolor="darkslategray" style="color:white" | 92
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 15
| bgcolor="lightgray" | D{{music|#}}͵͵/E{{music|b}}͵͵
| bgcolor="lightgray" | D{{music|#}}<sub>0</sub>/E{{music|b}}<sub>0</sub>
| bgcolor="lightgray" | -5
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 19.44544
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|-
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 91
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 14
| bgcolor="lightgray" | D͵͵
| bgcolor="lightgray" | D<sub>0</sub>
| bgcolor="lightgray" | -6
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 18.35405
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|-
| bgcolor="darkslategray" style="color:white" | 90
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 13
| bgcolor="lightgray" | C{{music|#}}͵͵/D{{music|b}}͵͵
| bgcolor="lightgray" | C{{music|#}}<sub>0</sub>/D{{music|b}}<sub>0</sub>
| bgcolor="lightgray" | -7
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 17.32391
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|-
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 89
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 12
| bgcolor="lightgray" | C͵͵ sub-contra-[[octave]]
| bgcolor="lightgray" | C<sub>0</sub> Double Pedal C
| bgcolor="lightgray" | -8
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 16.35160
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" | 
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
| bgcolor="lightgray" |
|}

==See also==
* [[Piano tuning]]
* [[Scientific pitch notation]]
* [[Music and mathematics]]

==References==
<references />


{{Musical keyboards}}
{{Pitch (music)}}

[[Category:Piano]]
[[Category:Musical tuning]]