View source for Jeremiah 43

{{Short description|Book of Jeremiah, chapter 43}}
{{For|Jeremiah 43 in the Septuagint|Jeremiah 36}}
{{Bible chapter|letname= Jeremiah 43 |previouslink= Jeremiah 42 |previousletter= chapter 42 |nextlink= Jeremiah 44 |nextletter= chapter 44 |book=[[Book of Jeremiah]] |biblepart=[[Old Testament]] | booknum= 24 |hbiblepart= [[Nevi'im]] | hbooknum = 6 |category= [[Nevi'im|Latter Prophets]] | filename= Aleppo-HighRes2-Neviim6-Jeremiah (page 1 crop).jpg |size=242px |caption=<div style="width: 242px; text-align: center; line-height: 1em">A high resolution scan of the Aleppo Codex showing the [[Book of Jeremiah]] (the sixth book in Nevi'im).</div>}}
'''Jeremiah 43''' is the forty-third [[Chapters and verses of the Bible|chapter]] of the [[Book of Jeremiah]] in the [[Hebrew Bible]] or the [[Old Testament]] of the [[Christianity|Christian]] [[Bible]]. This book contains prophecies attributed to the [[Biblical prophet|prophet]] [[Jeremiah]], and is one of the [[Nevi'im|Books of the Prophets]]. This chapter is part of a narrative section consisting of chapters [[Jeremiah 37|37]] to [[Jeremiah 44|44]].{{sfn|Coogan|2007|pp= 1137-1138 Hebrew Bible}} Chapters [[Jeremiah 42|42]]-44 describe the emigration to [[Ancient Egypt|Egypt]] involving the [[Remnant (Bible)|remnant]] who remained in [[Kingdom of Judah|Judah]] after much of the population was [[Babylonian captivity|exiled to Babylon]].{{sfn|O'Connor|2007|p=520}} In this chapter, Jeremiah performs in Egypt one of the [[Book of Jeremiah#Prophetic gestures|sign-acts]] distinctive of his prophetic style.<ref>Rudd, S., [http://www.bible.ca/Doctrine-bible-theatrical-sign-acts-prophets.htm 33 Theatrical Prophetic Sign Acts in the Bible], accessed 4 April 2019</ref>

== Text ==
The original text was written in [[Biblical Hebrew|Hebrew]]. [[Chapters and verses of the Bible|This chapter is divided into]] 13 verses.

===Textual witnesses===
Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] are of the [[Masoretic Text]] tradition, which includes the [[Codex Cairensis]] (895), [[Codex Babylonicus Petropolitanus|the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets]] (916), [[Aleppo Codex]] (10th century), [[Leningrad Codex|Codex Leningradensis]] (1008).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=35-37}} Some fragments containing parts of this chapter were found among the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]], i.e., 4QJer<sup>d</sup> (4Q72a; mid 2nd century BCE{{sfn|Sweeney|2010|p=66}}) with extant verses 2‑10,{{sfn|Fitzmyer|2008|p=38}} and 2QJer (2Q13; 1st century CE<ref>{{cite book
|last = Sweeney
|first = Marvin A. 
|title =Form and Intertextuality in Prophetic and Apocalyptic Literature
|volume = 45
|series=Forschungen zum Alten Testament
|issn = 0940-4155
|edition=reprint
|publisher=Wipf and Stock Publishers
|year= 2010
|pages=66
|isbn=9781608994182|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KIxMAwAAQBAJ
}}</ref>), with extant verses 8‑11.<ref>{{Cite book|title = A Guide to the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Literature|last = Fitzmyer|first = Joseph A.| author-link = Joseph Fitzmyer | publisher = William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=TILXeWJ2eNAC | year = 2008 | pages = 26 |isbn = 9780802862419 | location = Grand Rapids, MI | access-date= February 15, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book | editor-last = Ulrich | editor-first = Eugene | editor-link = Eugene Ulrich | title = The Biblical Qumran Scrolls: Transcriptions and Textual Variants | year = 2010 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/TheBiblicalQumranScrolls/page/n595 579]–580 | publisher = Brill | url = https://archive.org/details/TheBiblicalQumranScrolls |access-date= May 15, 2017 | isbn= 9789004181830}}</ref>

There is also a translation into [[Koine Greek]] known as the [[Septuagint]] (with a different chapter numbering), made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the [[Septuagint]] version include [[Codex Vaticanus]] ('''B'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>B</sup>; 4th century), [[Codex Sinaiticus]] ('''S'''; [[Biblia Hebraica (Kittel)|BHK]]: <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>S</sup>; 4th century), [[Codex Alexandrinus]] ('''A'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>A</sup>; 5th century) and [[Codex Marchalianus]] ('''Q'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>Q</sup>; 6th century).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=73-74}}

==Parashot==
The ''[[parashah]]'' sections listed here are based on the [[Aleppo Codex]].<ref>As reflected in the [http://mechon-mamre.org/e/et/et0.htm Jewish Publication Society's 1917 edition of the Hebrew Bible in English].</ref> Jeremiah 43 is a part of the "''Sixteenth prophecy ([[Jeremiah 40]]-45)''" in the section of ''Prophecies interwoven with narratives about the prophet's life ([[Jeremiah 26]]-45)''. {P}: open ''parashah''; {S}: closed ''parashah''.
: {S} 43:1 {S} 43:2-7 {S} 43:8-13 {P}

==Verse numbering==
The order of chapters and verses of the Book of Jeremiah in the English Bibles, Masoretic Text (Hebrew), and [[Vulgate]] (Latin), in some places differs from that in the [[Septuagint]] (LXX, the Greek Bible used in the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]] and others) according to [[Alfred Rahlfs|Rahlfs]] or [[Lancelot Charles Lee Brenton|Brenton]]. The following table is taken with minor adjustments from ''Brenton's Septuagint'', page 971.<ref name="ccel">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ccel.org/bible/brenton/Jeremiah/appendix.html|title=Table of Order of Jeremiah in Hebrew and Septuagint|website=www.ccel.org}}</ref>

The order of Computer Assisted Tools for Septuagint/Scriptural Study (CATSS) based on ''[[Alfred Rahlfs]]' Septuaginta'' (1935) differs in some details from Joseph Ziegler's critical edition (1957) in ''Göttingen LXX''. ''Swete's Introduction'' mostly agrees with Rahlfs' edition (=CATSS).<ref name="ccel"/>

{| class=wikitable
!Hebrew, Vulgate, English!!Rahlfs' LXX (CATSS)
|-
|align=center|'''43''':1-13
|align=center|50:1-13
|-
|align=center|36:1-32
|align=center|'''43''':1-32
|}

==Verses 5–6==
:''{{sup|5}}But Johanan the son of Kareah and all the captains of the forces took all the remnant of Judah who had returned to dwell in the land of Judah, from all nations where they had been driven— {{sup|6}}men, women, children, the king’s daughters, and every person whom [[Nebuzaradan]] the captain of the guard had left with Gedaliah the son of Ahikam, the son of [[Shaphan]], and Jeremiah the prophet and Baruch the son of Neriah.''<ref>{{bibleverse|Jeremiah|43:5–6|NKJV}} [[New King James Version|NKJV]]</ref>

==Verse 7==
:''And they came into the land of Egypt, for they did not obey the voice of the Lord. And they arrived at Tahpanhes.''<ref>{{bibleref2|Jeremiah|43:7|ESV}} [[English Standard Version|ESV]]</ref>
*"[[Tahpanhes]]": an important fortress city on the northern border of [[ancient Egypt]] in the northeastern [[Nile]] delta; generally equated with the Greek city of [[Daphne]]; mentioned in [[Jeremiah 2]]:16 in conjunction with [[Memphis, Egypt|Memphis]] (the Hebrew name is “[[Noph]]”).<ref>Note on Jeremiah 43:7 in [[New English Translation|NET Bible]]</ref>

==Verse 8==
:'' Then the word of the Lord came to Jeremiah in Tahpanhes.''<ref>{{bibleverse|Jeremiah|43:8|NKJV}} NKJV</ref>
Jeremiah was in Egypt "not out of choice, but by constraint".<ref>Benson, J., [https://biblehub.com/commentaries/benson/jeremiah/43.htm Benson Commentary] on Jeremiah 43, accessed 4 April 2019</ref>

==Verse 13==
:''He shall break also the images of Bethshemesh, that is in the land of Egypt; and the houses of the gods of the Egyptians shall he burn with fire.''<ref>{{bibleverse|Jeremiah|43:13|KJV}} [[King James Version|KJV]]</ref>
*"Bethshemesh": Lit. ''House of the Sun'', ancient "''On''" ({{bibleverse|Genesis|41:45|KJV}}; {{cvt|10|km}} northeast of Cairo, the ancient worship center of sun-god Re, {{bibleverse|Isaiah|19:18|KJV}}{{sfn|Coogan|2007|p=1145 Hebrew Bible}}), later called "[[Heliopolis (ancient Egypt)|Heliopolis]]".<ref>Note [a] on Jeremiah 43:13 in [[New King James Version]]</ref> The oracle is to describe that Egypt is not a safe refuge from [[Nebuchadnezzar II]] ("he" in this verse; called "my servant" in {{bibleverse|Jeremiah|25:9|KJV}}; {{bibleverse-nb|Jeremiah|27:6|KJV}}) who defeated [[Amasis II|Amasis (Ahmosis II)]] in 568/567 BCE, and accomplished the prophesied deeds.{{sfn|Coogan|2007|p=1145 Hebrew Bible}}

==See also==
{{Portal|Bible}}
*[[Babylon]]
*[[Baruch ben Neriah]]
*[[Beit Shemesh|Beth-shemesh]]
*[[Neo-Babylonian Empire|Chaldean]]
*[[Ancient Egypt|Egypt]]
*[[Gedaliah|Gedaliah the son of Ahikam, the son of Saphan]]
*[[Nebuchadnezzar]]
*[[Tahpanhes]]
*Related [[Bible]] part: [[Jeremiah 42]], [[Jeremiah 44]], [[Jeremiah 45]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
*{{cite book
|last= Coogan
|first = Michael David
|title = The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48
|editor-last1=Coogan
|editor-first1=Michael David 
|editor-first2=Marc Zvi
|editor-last2= Brettler
|editor-first3=Carol Ann
|editor-last3= Newsom
|editor-first4= Pheme
|editor-last4= Perkins
|edition=Augmented 3rd
|publisher = Oxford University Press
|year =2007
|isbn = 9780195288810|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HmpMPgAACAAJ
}}
* {{cite book | last = Huey | first = F. B. | title = The New American Commentary - Jeremiah, Lamentations: An Exegetical and Theological Exposition of Holy Scripture, NIV Text | publisher = B&H Publishing Group | year = 1993| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HBguYZCdAM4C | isbn = 9780805401165}}
*{{cite book|last=O'Connor | first= Kathleen M. | chapter = 23. Jeremiah | title=The Oxford Bible Commentary | editor-first1=John| editor-last1=Barton | editor-first2=John| editor-last2= Muddiman | publisher = Oxford University Press |edition= first (paperback) | date = 2007 | pages = 487–533 | isbn = 978-0199277186 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ| access-date=February 6, 2019}}
* {{cite book |last =Thompson |first=  J. A. |title= A Book of Jeremiah |series=The [[New International Commentary on the Old Testament]] |author-link = J. A. Thompson |edition=illustrated, revised |date= 1980 |publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing | url= https://archive.org/details/bookofjeremiah00thom |url-access =registration |isbn=9780802825308}}
*{{cite book | last = Würthwein | first = Ernst | author-link = Ernst Würthwein | title = The Text of the Old Testament | publisher = Wm. B. Eerdmans |location = Grand Rapids, MI | year=  1995 | translator-first1 = Erroll F.| translator-last1 = Rhodes |isbn = 0-8028-0788-7 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC | access-date= January 26, 2019}}

==External links==

===Jewish===
*[http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1143.htm Jeremiah 43 Hebrew with Parallel English]

===Christian===
*[http://www.latinvulgate.com/lv/verse.aspx?t=0&b=28&c=43 Jeremiah 43, English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate]

{{Book of Jeremiah}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jeremiah 43}}
[[Category:Book of Jeremiah chapters|43]]
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